{"id":1815,"date":"2022-07-24T13:58:52","date_gmt":"2022-07-24T13:58:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/?page_id=1815"},"modified":"2026-09-18T19:14:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T19:14:45","slug":"child-support-in-turkey","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/child-support-in-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Child Support in Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"<style id=\"cb-bh-css\">h1.cb-bh,h2.cb-bh{text-transform:uppercase}<\/style><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_124e622b has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3613 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/child-support-800x400.jpg\" alt=\"child support in turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" \/><\/p>\n<style>nav.cb-toc{background:#fff;border:1px solid #8b3516;border-radius:6px;padding:10px 16px;margin:0 0 1.5em;display:table;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left}nav.cb-toc summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:400;font-size:15px;color:#000;list-style:none;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5em}nav.cb-toc summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}nav.cb-toc summary:after{content:\"\\25BE\";color:#8b3516;transition:transform .2s}nav.cb-toc details[open] summary:after{transform:rotate(180deg)}nav.cb-toc ol{list-style:none;margin:8px 0 0;padding:0}nav.cb-toc ol ol{margin:2px 0 4px 4px;padding-left:14px;border-left:1px solid #e6dcd8}nav.cb-toc li{margin:4px 0;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.45;color:#000}nav.cb-toc ol ol li{font-size:13px}nav.cb-toc a,nav.cb-toc a:visited{color:#000;text-decoration:none}nav.cb-toc ol ol a,nav.cb-toc ol ol a:visited{color:#444}nav.cb-toc a:hover,nav.cb-toc a:focus{color:#8b3516;text-decoration:underline}h1[id],h2[id],h3[id],h4[id]{scroll-margin-top:120px}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}<\/style><nav class=\"cb-toc\" aria-label=\"Table of Contents\"><details><summary>Table of Contents<\/summary><ol><li><a href=\"#LEGAL_PROCESS_FOR_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY_REQUIREMENTS_AND_DETERMINATION_OF_THE_AMOUNT_UNDER_TURKISH_LAW\">Legal Process for Child Support in Turkey, Requirements and Determination of the Amount Under Turkish Law<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#WHO_CAN_CLAIM_PARTICIPATION_ALIMONY_IN_TURKEY\">Who Can Claim Participation Alimony in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#WHAT_ARE_THE_CONDITIONS_FOR_CLAIMING_CHILD_MAINTENANCE_IN_TURKEY\">What Are the Conditions for Claiming Child Maintenance in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Existence_of_Divorce_or_Separation\">1. Existence of Divorce or Separation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_The_Childs_Need_for_Care_and_Support\">2. The Child\u2019s Need for Care and Support<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Evaluation_of_the_Parties_Financial_and_Social_Status\">3. Evaluation of the Parties\u2019 Financial and Social Status<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Observance_of_the_Principle_of_the_Childs_Best_Interests\">4. Observance of the Principle of the Child\u2019s Best Interests<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#HOW_TO_REQUEST_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\">How to Request Child Support in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#a_Requesting_Child_Support_in_Divorce_Proceedings_in_Turkey\">a) Requesting Child Support in Divorce Proceedings in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#a1_Child_Support_in_Contested_Divorce_Cases_in_Turkey\">a.1) Child Support in Contested Divorce Cases in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#a2_Child_Support_in_Uncontested_Divorce_Cases_in_Turkey\">a.2) Child Support in Uncontested Divorce Cases in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#b_Claiming_Child_Support_After_Divorce_in_Turkey\">b) Claiming Child Support After Divorce in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#c_Claiming_Child_Support_Together_with_a_Paternity_Case_in_Turkey\">c) Claiming Child Support Together with a Paternity Case in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#d_Determining_Child_Support_Through_Mediation_in_Turkey\">d) Determining Child Support Through Mediation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#WHICH_COURT_HAS_JURISDICTION_OVER_CHILD_SUPPORT_CASES_IN_TURKEY\">Which Court Has Jurisdiction Over Child Support Cases in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#HOW_MUCH_IS_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\">How Much Is Child Support in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#HOW_IS_CHILD_SUPPORT_CALCULATED_IN_TURKEY\">How Is Child Support Calculated in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1-_Criteria_for_Calculating_Participation_Alimony_in_Turkey\">1- Criteria for Calculating Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-_Increase_Rate_of_Child_Maintenance_in_Turkey\">2- Increase Rate of Child Maintenance in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-_What_Percentage_of_Salary_Is_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">3- What Percentage of Salary Is Child Support in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#IS_IT_POSSIBLE_FOR_ADULT_CHILDREN_TO_CLAIM_ALIMONY_IN_TURKEY\">Is It Possible for Adult Children to Claim Alimony in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#DIFFERENCES_BETWEEN_CHILD_SUPPORT_AND_TEMPORARY_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\">Differences Between Child Support and Temporary Child Support in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Temporary_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">1) Temporary Child Support in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Participation_Alimony_in_Turkey\">2) Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Key_Differences_Between_Temporary_Child_Support_and_Participation_Alimony_in_Turkey\">3) Key Differences Between Temporary Child Support and Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#IS_IT_POSSIBLE_TO_INCREASE_OR_DECREASE_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\">Is It Possible to Increase or Decrease Child Support in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Increase_of_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">1. Increase of Child Support in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Grounds_for_Increasing_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">Grounds for Increasing Child Support in Turkey:<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Decrease_of_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">2. Decrease of Child Support in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Grounds_for_Decreasing_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">Grounds for Decreasing Child Support in Turkey:<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#CHILD_SUPPORT_INCREASE_LAWSUIT_AND_CHILD_SUPPORT_REDUCTION_LAWSUIT_IN_TURKEY\">Child Support Increase Lawsuit and Child Support Reduction Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Child_Support_Increase_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Child Support Increase Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Child_Support_Reduction_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">2. Child Support Reduction Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#HOW_IS_THE_CHILD_MAINTENANCE_INCREASE_RATE_CALCULATED_IN_TURKEY\">How Is the Child Maintenance Increase Rate Calculated in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_What_Happens_If_the_Child_Maintenance_Increase_Rate_Is_Specified_in_the_Court_Decision\">1. What Happens If the Child Maintenance Increase Rate Is Specified in the Court Decision?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Happens_If_the_Child_Maintenance_Increase_Rate_Is_Not_Specified_in_the_Court_Decision\">2. What Happens If the Child Maintenance Increase Rate Is Not Specified in the Court Decision?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#THE_IMPORTANCE_OF_THE_SOCIAL_INVESTIGATION_REPORT_IN_DETERMINING_PARTICIPATION_ALIMONY_IN_TURKEY\">The Importance of the Social Investigation Report in Determining Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Legal_Function_of_the_Social_Investigation_Report_in_Determining_Child_Maintenance_in_Turkey\">1. Legal Function of the Social Investigation Report in Determining Child Maintenance in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Scope_of_the_Social_Investigation_Report\">2. Scope of the Social Investigation Report<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Social_Investigation_Process_in_Turkey\">3. Social Investigation Process in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#a_Request_for_the_Report_and_Planning\">a) Request for the Report and Planning<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#b_Interviews_with_the_Parties\">b) Interviews with the Parties<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#c_Home_Visits_and_Observations\">c) Home Visits and Observations<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#d_Examination_of_Documents\">d) Examination of Documents<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#e_Preparation_of_the_Report\">e) Preparation of the Report<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Evaluation_of_the_Social_Investigation_Report_by_the_Court\">4. Evaluation of the Social Investigation Report by the Court<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#WHEN_DOES_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY_END\">When Does Child Support in Turkey End?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_The_Child_Reaching_the_Age_of_Majority_Article_328_TCC\">1. The Child Reaching the Age of Majority (Article 328 TCC)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Marriage_of_the_Child\">2. Marriage of the Child<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_The_Child_Being_Declared_of_Age_by_Court_Decision_Judicial_Emancipation\">3. The Child Being Declared of Age by Court Decision (Judicial Emancipation)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Death_of_the_Child\">4. Death of the Child<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_Death_of_the_Alimony_Debtor\">5. Death of the Alimony Debtor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_The_Child_Becoming_Financially_Independent\">6. The Child Becoming Financially Independent<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7_Change_of_Custody\">7. Change of Custody<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8_Complete_Loss_of_the_Debtors_Financial_Capacity\">8. Complete Loss of the Debtor\u2019s Financial Capacity<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#9_Situations_That_Do_NOT_Automatically_Terminate_Child_Support\">9. Situations That Do NOT Automatically Terminate Child Support<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#WHAT_HAPPENS_IF_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY_IS_NOT_PAID\">What Happens If Child Support in Turkey Is Not Paid?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Existence_and_Finality_of_Court_Decision_in_Turkey\">1. Existence and Finality of Court Decision in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Non-Payment_of_Alimony\">2. Non-Payment of Alimony<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Initiating_Enforcement_Proceedings_in_Turkey\">3. Initiating Enforcement Proceedings in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Wage_Garnishment_and_Other_Seizures\">4. Wage Garnishment and Other Seizures<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_Compulsory_Imprisonment\">5. Compulsory Imprisonment<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_Importance_of_Legal_Assistance\">6. Importance of Legal Assistance<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#ENFORCEMENT_AND_RECOGNITION_OF_FOREIGN_COURT_DECISIONS_REGARDING_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\">Enforcement and Recognition of Foreign Court Decisions Regarding Child Support in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Foreign_Court_Decisions_on_Child_Support\">Foreign Court Decisions on Child Support<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Making_a_Foreign_Child_Support_Decision_Enforceable_in_Turkey\">Making a Foreign Child Support Decision Enforceable in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Recognition_of_Foreign_Decisions\">Recognition of Foreign Decisions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Role_of_International_Conventions\">Role of International Conventions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Application_in_Turkey\">Application in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/details><\/nav>\n<h1 id=\"LEGAL_PROCESS_FOR_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY_REQUIREMENTS_AND_DETERMINATION_OF_THE_AMOUNT_UNDER_TURKISH_LAW\" data-pm-slice=\"1 1 &#091;&#093;\" class=\"cb-bh\">Legal Process for Child Support in Turkey, Requirements and Determination of the Amount Under Turkish Law<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>is referred to in doctrine and practice as participation alimony and is a legal institution regulated under the Turkish Civil Code.<\/strong> This type of alimony refers to the <strong>financial contribution paid by one parent to the other in order to cover the child\u2019s care, education, and developmental expenses<\/strong>. It is provided for in cases of divorce or separation resulting in the termination of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/marriage-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the marital union in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, <strong>with the purpose of enabling the child to maintain their life and protecting their best interests<\/strong>. In this respect, it represents one of the reflections of the <strong>social state principle within family law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The main purpose of child support in Turkey is to ensure that the<\/strong> <strong>child\u2019s basic needs are met, their existing standard of living is preserved, and the negative effects of divorce or separation on the child are minimized<\/strong>. In this context, <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> is not merely related to the individual interests of the parties; rather, since it directly concerns the <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong>, it is considered a <strong>legal institution closely connected to public order<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pursuant to <strong>paragraphs three and four of Article 182, Article 327, and other relevant provisions<\/strong> of the Turkish Civil Code, <strong>the expenses related to the care, education, and protection of joint children are the joint responsibility of both parents<\/strong>. According to this legal framework, <strong>participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong> is defined as the <strong>type of alimony paid by the parent who is not granted custody to the custodial parent, in order to contribute to the child\u2019s expenses following a divorce or separation case<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Through this alimony, the <strong>non-custodial parent is obliged to contribute, in proportion to their financial capacity, to the child\u2019s essential needs such as healthcare, education, housing, clothing, and similar necessities<\/strong>. In this way, the aim is to <strong>preserve, as much as possible, the economic conditions that the child enjoyed during the continuation of the family union<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, if <strong>temporary child support <\/strong>has been awarded by the court <strong>in favor of the child during the ongoing divorce or separation proceedings in Turkey<\/strong>, such support may <strong>transform into participation alimony once the divorce decision becomes final<\/strong>. However, although the <strong>best interests of the child constitute the primary consideration<\/strong>, it should not be overlooked that <strong>when determining the amount of child support in Turkey, the judge must also act in accordance with the principle of being bound by the parties\u2019 claims (the principle of disposition)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox us_custom_aea21514 iconpos_left style_default color_secondary align_left no_title\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-icon\" style=\"font-size:30px;\"><i class=\"far fa-gavel\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox-meta\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-text\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuatmetin\/1.5.4721.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Article 329 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/a> &#8211; The parent who is actually taking care of the minor child can file a maintenance claim on behalf of the child against the other parent. In cases where the minor child lacks discernment, the maintenance claim can also be filed by the guardian or legal representative appointed. A minor child who has discernment can also initiate a maintenance claim.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 id=\"WHO_CAN_CLAIM_PARTICIPATION_ALIMONY_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Who Can Claim Participation Alimony in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Participation alimony in Turkey is a type of child support designed to cover the child\u2019s care, education, healthcare, housing, and other essential expenses.<\/strong> Its primary objective is to <strong>protect the best interests of the child<\/strong>. This type of alimony constitutes a legal arrangement that focuses on <strong>the rights and welfare of the child<\/strong>, regardless of the personal relationship between the parents.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Under the Turkish Civil Code, the<\/strong> <strong>right to claim child support in Turkey generally belongs to the parent who holds custody of the child<\/strong>. The custodial parent may request participation alimony from the <strong>non-custodial parent<\/strong> in proportion to their financial capacity, in order to contribute to the child\u2019s expenses. This claim is asserted <strong>in the capacity of the person who actually undertakes the child\u2019s care and supervision<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Even if the child has the <strong>capacity for discernment<\/strong>, the child cannot <strong>directly claim child support in Turkey on their own behalf<\/strong>. This is because child support in Turkey, by its legal nature, is <strong>not paid directly to the child but to the person responsible for the child\u2019s care<\/strong>, and it is closely linked to the <strong>custody relationship<\/strong>. Therefore, it is generally not possible to speak of a <strong>personal right of action belonging directly to the child<\/strong> with regard to participation alimony in Turkey.<\/p>\n<p>In cases where <strong>custody is not granted to either parent or where parental custody has been removed<\/strong>, a claim for participation alimony in Turkey on behalf of the minor may be brought by a <strong>guardian or trustee acting as the child\u2019s legal representative<\/strong>. In such situations, although the lawsuit is intended to protect the <strong>child\u2019s interests<\/strong>, procedurally it is considered a claim brought <strong>by the legal representative rather than by the child personally<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>obligation to pay child support in Turkey also applies to children born outside marriage<\/strong>. Provided that <strong>legal parentage has been established<\/strong>, the parent who does not have custody of the child is obliged to <strong>contribute to the child\u2019s care, education, healthcare, and other necessary expenses in proportion to their financial capacity<\/strong>. In such cases, the person who holds custody may bring a claim for child support in Turkey. Accordingly, <strong>whether a child is born within or outside marriage, or is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/adoption-in-turkey\/\">adopted<\/a>, does not create any difference regarding the right to child support in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, <strong>participation alimony in Turkey may also be claimed for children born after <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/guide-to-divorce-in-turkey\/\">the divorce proceedings in Turkey<\/a> have concluded and the divorce decision has become final<\/strong>. In such cases, since no child support would have been ordered during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/divorce-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the divorce case in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, <strong>a separate lawsuit must be filed to request child support in Turkey<\/strong>. When determining the amount of alimony, the court will evaluate <strong>the child\u2019s needs, the social and economic circumstances of the parties, and the best interests of the child<\/strong> together.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, the <strong>right to claim child support in Turkey may be exercised by the custodial parent and, where necessary, by a guardian or trustee acting as the child\u2019s legal representative<\/strong>. This right does not constitute a <strong>direct personal right of action for the child<\/strong>, but rather aims to ensure the <strong>judicial enforcement of a public-law obligation related to the care and protection of the child<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 24px auto; background: #fffdfb; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 11px 15px; text-align: center; font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4;\">\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udc69\u200d\ud83d\udc67 WHO CAN CLAIM CHILD SUPPORT IN TURKEY?<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 580px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.45; color: #333;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 30%; padding: 9px 8px; text-align: left; color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Person Entitled to Claim<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 70%; padding: 9px 8px; text-align: left; color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Main Explanation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\ud83d\udc69\u200d\ud83d\udc67 Custodial Parent<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">The parent who has the child&#8217;s care may claim <strong>child support (participation alimony)<\/strong> from the other parent in proportion to their financial means.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\u2696\ufe0f Guardian or Trustee<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Where custody is not held or has been removed, a guardian or trustee may, where the legal requirements are met, claim child support on behalf of the child.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\ud83d\udc76 Child<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px;\">After reaching the age of majority, the child may, where the legal requirements are met, claim <strong>assistance alimony<\/strong> in their own name instead of child support.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"WHAT_ARE_THE_CONDITIONS_FOR_CLAIMING_CHILD_MAINTENANCE_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">What Are the Conditions for Claiming Child Maintenance in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p>In order to <strong>claim<\/strong> <strong>child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong>, certain fundamental legal conditions must be jointly evaluated <strong>within the framework of the Turkish Civil Code and established case law<\/strong>. These conditions are based primarily on <strong>the best interests of the child<\/strong>, not solely on the parties\u2019 claims.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Existence_of_Divorce_or_Separation\">1. Existence of Divorce or Separation<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Participation alimony in Turkey arises in cases of divorce or separation<\/strong>. During a divorce proceeding, or upon the occurrence of a separation, the court determines <strong>which parent will be granted custody<\/strong> and the <strong>obligation of the non-custodial parent to pay alimony<\/strong>. Temporary alimony ordered during the divorce proceedings may <strong>convert into participation alimony once the decision becomes final in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_The_Childs_Need_for_Care_and_Support\">2. The Child\u2019s Need for Care and Support<\/h3>\n<p>For child support to be granted in Turkey, it must be recognized that the child <strong>requires assistance for care, education, health, housing, and development expenses<\/strong>. Whether the child is in need of support is assessed <strong>based on the child\u2019s age, educational status, health conditions, and social environment<\/strong>, according to the specifics of the case. For minor children, this condition is generally presumed to exist.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Evaluation_of_the_Parties_Financial_and_Social_Status\">3. Evaluation of the Parties\u2019 Financial and Social Status<\/h3>\n<p><strong>When determining the child maintenance in Turkey, the financial situations of both the parent claiming alimony and the parent obligated to pay are jointly considered.<\/strong> This includes <strong>income level, employment status, profession, assets, standard of living, and economic capacity<\/strong>. The non-custodial parent is required to contribute <strong>to the child\u2019s expenses in proportion to their financial capacity<\/strong>. The amount of alimony <strong>cannot be set in a way that excessively burdens one party or fails to meet the child\u2019s needs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Observance_of_the_Principle_of_the_Childs_Best_Interests\">4. Observance of the Principle of the Child\u2019s Best Interests<\/h3>\n<p>The <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong> are recognized as the <strong>fundamental and decisive principle<\/strong> in all evaluations regarding child support in Turkey. This principle is guaranteed not only by the <strong>Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>, but also by <strong>Article 3 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child<\/strong>, which provides that the child\u2019s best interests must be a primary consideration in all judicial, administrative, and legislative actions concerning children. <strong>Accordingly, child maintenance in Turkey is considered a public-law legal institution by its very nature.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the above conditions are met, the court, while <strong>remaining bound by the parties\u2019 requests<\/strong>, grants <strong>child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>based on the child\u2019s welfare and best interests<\/strong>. When determining the amount of alimony, the court also takes into account <strong>the principle of equity, according to the specifics of the case<\/strong>. Since child support claims are <strong>procedurally and technically complex cases<\/strong>, it is important to obtain the assistance of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/divorce-lawyer-in-turkey\/\"><strong>child support lawyer in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/nafakanin-belirlenmesi-e1773735715643.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3603 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/nafakanin-belirlenmesi-800x288.jpg\" alt=\"child support in turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"288\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"HOW_TO_REQUEST_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\"><strong>How to Request Child Support in Turkey?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey <\/strong>is a type of alimony intended to <strong>cover the child\u2019s care, education, health, and other essential expenses<\/strong>, and it can be claimed through different legal processes. In Turkish Law, this support may be requested <strong>during divorce proceedings, separation cases, or paternity actions<\/strong>, or, independently of these cases, <strong>through a separate alimony lawsuit until the child reaches adulthood<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey is a type of support regulated for public interest<\/strong>. Therefore, any agreements made before marriage or provisions in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/pre-nuptial-agreements-in-turkey\/\"><strong>a prenuptial<\/strong><\/a> or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/marriage-contract-in-turkey\/\">marital contract<\/a><\/strong> regarding child support <strong>are not legally valid in Turkey<\/strong>. In accordance with the <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong>, the <strong>amount and conditions of participation alimony must be reviewed and decided by the court<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Due to its legal nature, participation alimony in Turkey is considered to directly concern the child\u2019s welfare and public order<\/strong>. Accordingly, there is <strong>no statutory limitation or expiration period<\/strong> for filing a claim. Since alimony is <strong>an obligation aimed at protecting the child<\/strong>, it may be claimed at any time, provided the necessary conditions exist.<\/p>\n<p>This distinction becomes more apparent when compared to other types of alimony in Turkey. For instance, <strong>spousal support in Turkey<\/strong> must generally be claimed <strong>within one year after the divorce decision becomes final<\/strong>, due to its time-limited nature. In contrast, <strong>participation alimony in Turkey may be claimed until the child reaches adulthood, without any time restrictions<\/strong>. This reflects the <strong>public-law character of child support in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In practice, child support in Turkey is most often requested <strong>together with the divorce case<\/strong>, and the court is asked to issue <strong>temporary alimony <\/strong>to ensure that the child is not disadvantaged during the proceedings. Temporary alimony in Turkey ordered by the court <strong>covers the child\u2019s daily care and living expenses during the case<\/strong>, and once the divorce decision becomes final, this alimony <strong>generally converts into participation alimony<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"a_Requesting_Child_Support_in_Divorce_Proceedings_in_Turkey\"><strong>a) Requesting Child Support in Divorce Proceedings in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey<\/strong> can be claimed in both <strong>contested and uncontested divorce cases<\/strong>, as it is one of the secondary consequences of divorce related to the child\u2019s care and expenses. However, the procedure and method for claiming alimony <strong>vary depending on the type of divorce case<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"a1_Child_Support_in_Contested_Divorce_Cases_in_Turkey\"><strong>a.1) Child Support in Contested Divorce Cases in Turkey<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In contested divorce cases in Turkey, child support is generally granted <strong>in favor of the parent awarded custody of the child<\/strong>. Therefore, the parent claiming participation alimony must also <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/child-custody-in-turkey\/\">request custody of the child<\/a><\/strong> and, as a result of the trial, <strong>be awarded custody<\/strong>. This is because the purpose of <strong>child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong> is to ensure that <strong>the non-custodial parent contributes to the child\u2019s care, education, and other expenses according to their financial capacity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In these cases, the amount of alimony is determined at the court\u2019s discretion in Turkey<\/strong>. The judge considers <strong>the financial and social circumstances of the parties, the child\u2019s age, educational status, health needs, and the specifics of the case<\/strong> to set a fair amount of alimony. Each case is assessed individually in accordance with its <strong>unique circumstances<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>During contested divorce proceedings in Turkey, parties may request in their <strong>petition<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Temporary custody of the child<\/strong> during the trial<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temporary alimony <\/strong>under Article 169 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Once the divorce decision is finalized and custody is awarded, the <strong>temporary alimony can be converted into participation alimony<\/strong>. This ensures that the child\u2019s financial needs are secured <strong>both during the trial and after the divorce is finalized<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to note that <strong>contested divorce proceedings in Turkey may take a long time<\/strong>, and the financial situation of the parties may change over time. Therefore, <strong>the requested amount of child support should consider inflation and the cost of living<\/strong>, otherwise the granted alimony may quickly become insufficient.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"a2_Child_Support_in_Uncontested_Divorce_Cases_in_Turkey\"><strong>a.2) <\/strong>Child Support in Uncontested Divorce Cases in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p>In uncontested divorce cases in Turkey, the parties have the <strong>freedom to agree on secondary consequences of the divorce<\/strong>, including <strong>custody, participation alimony, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/alimony-in-turkey\/\">spousal support<\/a>, compensation, and property division<\/strong>. The agreement is formalized in a <strong>divorce settlement protocol<\/strong> submitted to the court.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In uncontested divorces, the amount of child maintenance in Turkey is generally determined according to the parties\u2019 mutual consent.<\/strong> However, since participation alimony is a <strong>public-law legal institution<\/strong> affecting the child\u2019s best interests, the judge has the authority to <strong>review the arrangements in the protocol ex officio<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>If necessary, the judge may propose <strong>changes to the alimony amount or other arrangements<\/strong> to ensure the child\u2019s needs are adequately met. For example, if the protocol <strong>omits participation alimony entirely<\/strong> or the proposed amount is <strong>manifestly insufficient to cover the child\u2019s needs<\/strong>, the judge can request the parties to modify the protocol. If the parties <strong>do not accept the suggested changes<\/strong>, the conditions for an uncontested divorce may not be met, and the case could be dismissed.<\/p>\n<p>This approach clearly demonstrates that child support in Turkey<strong> serves public interest<\/strong> and the <strong>child\u2019s rights must be protected above the parties\u2019 individual will<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"b_Claiming_Child_Support_After_Divorce_in_Turkey\"><strong>b) Claiming Child Support After Divorce in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey may be claimed even if it was not requested during the divorce proceedings or if the court did not render a decision on this matter during the divorce case.<\/strong> In this respect, c<strong>hild support in Turkey<\/strong> clearly differs from <strong>spousal support<\/strong>. While the law provides a <strong>statutory time limit<\/strong> for claiming spousal support in Turkey, there is <strong>no statute of limitations or forfeiture period<\/strong> for participation alimony.<\/p>\n<p><strong>This characteristic of child support in Turkey arises from the fact that it is a<\/strong> <strong>legal institution directly related to the best interests of the child and public order<\/strong>. Therefore, until the child reaches the age of majority (18 years old), participation alimony may be claimed at any time, provided that the necessary conditions exist.<\/p>\n<p>However, once the child reaches the age of majority,<strong> it is not possible to request child support in Turkey retroactively<\/strong> for periods prior to adulthood if it was not claimed before. This is because child support in Turkey <strong>produces legal effects from the date of the claim<\/strong>, and it cannot be applied retroactively by the court. For this reason, if participation alimony was not requested during the divorce case, it is important to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/file-a-lawsuit-in-turkey\/\"><strong>file a claim<\/strong><\/a> <strong>without delay after the divorce decision becomes final<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, in <strong>contested divorce cases in Turkey<\/strong>, even if the parties do not explicitly request child support, the judge must <strong>award child support in Turkey ex officio<\/strong>, considering the child\u2019s best interests and public order. This situation constitutes an <strong>exception to the principle that courts are bound by the parties\u2019 claims<\/strong>, reflecting the public-law nature of participation alimony aimed at protecting children.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"c_Claiming_Child_Support_Together_with_a_Paternity_Case_in_Turkey\"><strong>c) Claiming Child Support Together with a Paternity Case in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In Turkey, <strong>child support may also be requested together with a paternity lawsuit<\/strong> in cases where the legal parent-child relationship between the child and the biological father has not yet been established. In such situations, a <strong>paternity action must first be filed to establish legal filiation<\/strong>, and the claim for child support in Turkey may be submitted together with this action or during the proceedings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pursuant to Article 333 of the Turkish Civil Code, it is possible to request child support in favor of the child together with a paternity lawsuit.<\/strong> If the court concludes, following the proceedings, that the legal parent-child relationship has been established, <strong>it may<\/strong> <strong>order child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong>. The purpose of this alimony is to ensure that the father contributes to the child\u2019s <strong>care, education, and other essential expenses according to his financial capacity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, if the judge considers the likelihood of paternity to be strong, <strong>the court may<\/strong> <strong>order temporary alimony during the proceedings<\/strong> without waiting for the final outcome of the case. This practice aims to <strong>protect the child financially during the trial and prevent hardship<\/strong>. Thus, even if the paternity case takes a long time, the child\u2019s basic needs remain secured.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"d_Determining_Child_Support_Through_Mediation_in_Turkey\"><strong>d) Determining Child Support Through Mediation in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>The parties may also resort to mediation in order to reach an agreement regarding child support in Turkey.<\/strong> Mediation is an <strong>alternative dispute resolution method<\/strong> in which a neutral third party, the mediator, facilitates communication and negotiations between the parties to help them reach an agreement.<\/p>\n<p>In <strong>child support disputes in Turkey<\/strong>, mediation aims to enable the parties to <strong>reach a mutual agreement on the amount and payment conditions of participation alimony<\/strong>, taking into account the child\u2019s needs, the financial circumstances of the parents, and their living standards. The mediator conducts meetings to understand the parties\u2019 demands and concerns and ensures that the negotiations proceed in a <strong>balanced and constructive manner<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>During this process, the mediator encourages the parties to establish a <strong>fair child support arrangement based on the best interests of the child<\/strong>. The parties may evaluate their income levels, <strong>the child\u2019s education and healthcare expenses, social needs, and current living standards<\/strong> in order to reach a mutually acceptable agreement regarding participation alimony.<\/p>\n<p><strong>However, in order for an agreement reached through mediation to produce legal effects in Turkey, it must be approved by the court<\/strong>. The court reviews the agreement to determine whether it is based on the <strong>free will of the parties<\/strong>, whether it <strong>serves the best interests of the child<\/strong>, and whether it <strong>complies with public order<\/strong>. Once approved by the court, the child support agreement reached through mediation becomes <strong>legally binding in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/mediation-process-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Mediation in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> offers significant advantages, including <strong>creating a more cooperative environment, saving time and costs, and enabling more sustainable solutions between the parties<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"WHICH_COURT_HAS_JURISDICTION_OVER_CHILD_SUPPORT_CASES_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Which Court Has Jurisdiction Over Child Support Cases in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, correctly determining the competent and authorized court in child support cases is important in order to prevent the case from being dismissed on procedural grounds.<\/strong> Under Turkish law, the <strong>Family Court<\/strong> is the competent court for disputes concerning child support. In places where a Family Court has not been established, the <strong>Civil Court of First Instance acting as a Family Court<\/strong> has jurisdiction.<\/p>\n<p>With regard to the <strong>court having territorial jurisdiction<\/strong> in child support cases in Turkey, the provisions of the <strong>Turkish Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure<\/strong> must be evaluated together. Accordingly, the following courts are considered competent:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The court at the <strong>place of residence of the child who is the creditor of the alimony or the parent exercising custody<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The court at the <strong>place of residence of the alimony debtor<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>If the alimony is requested in connection with a divorce case, the <strong>court hearing the divorce case<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In Turkey, in order to <strong>protect the alimony creditor<\/strong>, Article 177 of the Turkish Civil Code provides that, in alimony cases filed after divorce, <strong>the court at the place of residence of the alimony creditor<\/strong> also has jurisdiction.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"HOW_MUCH_IS_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">How Much Is Child Support in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>The<\/strong> <strong>amount of child support in Turkey<\/strong> is determined pursuant to <strong>Article 330 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>, and this determination is not based on a fixed amount but rather on the <strong>specific circumstances of each case<\/strong>. In determining the amount of alimony in Turkey, the <strong>needs of the child and the financial and social circumstances of the parents<\/strong> are evaluated together.<\/p>\n<p>The legislator has granted the judge <strong>broad discretion in determining child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong>, while requiring that this discretion be exercised in accordance with the <strong>principles of equity and the best interests of the child<\/strong>. For this reason, the question <strong>\u201cHow much is child support in Turkey?\u201d<\/strong> does not have a single standard answer and may vary depending on the facts of each case.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>case law of the Court of Cassation<\/strong> also clearly supports this approach. In its decision numbered <strong>2013\/1539 E. and 2015\/1007 K.<\/strong>, <strong>the General Assembly of Civil Chambers of the Court of Cassation<\/strong> held:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>As can be seen, the amount of participation alimony must be determined by taking into account the needs of the child and the living conditions and ability to pay of the mother and father; in other words, the economic and social circumstances of the parties.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>This decision clearly demonstrates that alimony <strong>cannot be fixed at a standard amount<\/strong>, and that each case must be evaluated <strong>according to its own particular circumstances<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, <strong>there is no fixed or minimum statutory amount for child support in Turkey<\/strong>. The amount of alimony is determined <strong>on a case-by-case basis<\/strong>, taking into account the <strong>child\u2019s needs, the parents\u2019 financial capacities, and current economic conditions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"HOW_IS_CHILD_SUPPORT_CALCULATED_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">How Is Child Support Calculated in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>The calculation of<\/strong> <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> is carried out pursuant to <strong>Article 330 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>. When determining the amount of alimony in Turkey, the <strong>financial capacity of both the alimony debtor and the parent who has custody of the child<\/strong>, as well as the <strong>child\u2019s age, education, and needs<\/strong>, are evaluated together.<\/p>\n<p>The primary objective is to ensure that the child is <strong>protected in a manner consistent with the parents\u2019 economic capacity and the child\u2019s standard of living<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-_Criteria_for_Calculating_Participation_Alimony_in_Turkey\">1- Criteria for Calculating Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Financial Situation of the Alimony Debtor:<\/strong> The <strong>income, assets, and lifestyle<\/strong> of the alimony debtor are taken into consideration. The court may examine <strong>bank account records, title deed registries, and other assets<\/strong> of the parties. It is possible for the court to request such information during the proceedings.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Financial Situation of the Alimony Creditor:<\/strong> The financial circumstances of the <strong>parent who actually takes care of the child<\/strong> are also considered in the calculation. However, this does <strong>not eliminate the alimony obligation of the other parent<\/strong>; it only affects the determination of the contribution amount.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Child\u2019s Needs:<\/strong> The child\u2019s <strong>education, housing, healthcare, and social expenses<\/strong> are important determining factors. These expenses may vary depending on the <strong>child\u2019s age, health condition, and level of education<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Child\u2019s Income:<\/strong> If the child has a <strong>regular source of income<\/strong> (such as <strong>scholarships<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenants-rights-in-turkey\/\"><strong>rental income<\/strong><\/a>, or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/probate-in-turkey\/\">income derived from inheritance<\/a><\/strong>), this may be taken into account when determining the alimony amount. However, as a rule, the child\u2019s income <strong>does not eliminate the parents\u2019 obligation to provide support<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Social and Economic Status Investigation (SED Report): The court may conduct a <strong>Social and Economic Status Investigation (SED Report)<\/strong> to determine the parties\u2019 <strong>income levels and living standards<\/strong>. The Court of Cassation places significant importance on the SED report and considers the <strong>failure to conduct such an investigation as a procedural deficiency<\/strong>. This report plays a key role in determining the amount of alimony.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Principle of Equity:<\/strong> By considering all these factors, the court determines an alimony amount that is <strong>fair and equitable<\/strong>. This ensures that the amount of alimony is determined <strong>in a balanced manner according to the circumstances of the parties<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Judicial Discretion:<\/strong> The judge has <strong>broad discretionary authority<\/strong> when determining the amount of alimony. Taking into account the <strong>SED report, the child\u2019s needs, and the financial situation of the parties<\/strong>, the judge determines the amount in accordance with <strong>law and fairness<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2-_Increase_Rate_of_Child_Maintenance_in_Turkey\">2- Increase Rate of Child Maintenance in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p>In order to prevent the <strong>erosion of child maintenance in Turkey due to inflation or economic conditions in subsequent years<\/strong>, the court may determine an <strong>annual increase rate<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, courts generally order that alimony be increased annually in line with inflation<\/strong>. This ensures that the child\u2019s needs continue to be met while also considering the <strong>devaluation of the currency<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>alimony increase rate in Turkey<\/strong> is generally determined by the judge based on economic indicators such as the <strong>Domestic Producer Price Index (D-PPI \/ Y\u0130-\u00dcFE)<\/strong> or the <strong>Consumer Price Index (CPI \/ T\u00dcFE)<\/strong> announced by the <strong>Turkish Statistical Institute (T\u00dc\u0130K)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-_What_Percentage_of_Salary_Is_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">3- What Percentage of Salary Is Child Support in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, there is no fixed percentage of salary for participation alimony.<\/strong> Although there is a common belief among the public that participation alimony <strong>cannot exceed one-quarter of a salary<\/strong>, this is <strong>not legally correct<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Child maintenance in Turkey is determined<\/strong> <strong>within the judge\u2019s discretionary authority<\/strong>, based on the <strong>specific circumstances of each case<\/strong>. Therefore, there is <strong>no legal rule requiring alimony to correspond to a certain percentage of income<\/strong>, and every situation is evaluated individually.<\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cocuk-nafakasi-ne-kadar.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3605 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cocuk-nafakasi-ne-kadar-800x273.jpg\" alt=\"how much is the child support in turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"273\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"IS_IT_POSSIBLE_FOR_ADULT_CHILDREN_TO_CLAIM_ALIMONY_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Is It Possible for Adult Children to Claim Alimony in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p>The ability of <strong>adult children to claim alimony in Turkey<\/strong> is regulated under <strong>Article 328\/2 of the Turkish Civil Code (TMK)<\/strong>. According to this provision, even if a child has reached the age of 18 and is legally an adult, the parents\u2019 obligation to provide support <strong>continues under certain conditions while the child\u2019s education is ongoing<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Under <strong>TMK Article 328\/2<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>If the child has reached majority but is still in education, the mother and father are obliged to support the child until the education ends, to the extent that can be expected of them in their situation and circumstances.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>An adult child who is still pursuing education may request <strong>assistance alimony<\/strong> from their parents in Turkey. This alimony is intended to cover <strong>educational, housing, nutrition, healthcare, and other essential living expenses<\/strong>. Assistance alimony in Turkey <strong>is claimed directly by the child through a separate lawsuit<\/strong>, does not depend on custody, and <strong>terminates automatically when the child\u2019s education ends<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Participation alimony<\/strong>, on the other hand, applies to <strong>minor children under custody<\/strong> and is claimed by the parent who holds custody. Once the child reaches adulthood, participation alimony <strong>ceases<\/strong>, but if the conditions exist, <strong>the child may claim<\/strong> <strong>assistance alimony in Turkey<\/strong>. Therefore, for adult children, <strong>assistance alimony<\/strong>, rather than participation alimony, becomes relevant in Turkey.<\/p>\n<p>Parents are obliged to <strong>continue providing financial support to their children as long as their education continues<\/strong>, within the limits of their means. This obligation remains in effect <strong>until the child\u2019s education ends<\/strong>, at which point assistance alimony also terminates.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"DIFFERENCES_BETWEEN_CHILD_SUPPORT_AND_TEMPORARY_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Differences Between Child Support and Temporary Child Support in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p>Both <strong>participation alimony <\/strong>and <strong>temporary child support <\/strong>aim to protect the child, but they <strong>differ in terms of the stage of application, legal nature, and duration<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Temporary_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">1) Temporary Child Support in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Temporary child support<\/strong> <strong>in Turkey<\/strong> is a <strong>temporary type of alimony<\/strong> ordered during divorce proceedings to cover the <strong>care, education, health, and other essential expenses of the joint child<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Applied <strong>during the divorce process<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Purpose: <strong>to prevent the child from being disadvantaged while the case is ongoing<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The court may <strong>order temporary child support upon request<\/strong> or <strong>ex officio if deemed necessary<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>When determining the amount, the court considers the <strong>social and economic conditions of the parties<\/strong> as well as the <strong>child\u2019s needs<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Terminates automatically<\/strong> once the divorce judgment becomes final.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2_Participation_Alimony_in_Turkey\">2) Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Participation alimony<\/strong> <strong>in Turkey<\/strong> is a <strong>permanent type of alimony<\/strong> ordered <strong>after the divorce judgment becomes final<\/strong>, ensuring that the parent <strong>without custody contributes to the care and expenses of the joint child<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Begins <strong>after the divorce is finalized<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Continues <strong>until the child reaches 18 years of age<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Covers the child\u2019s <strong>care, education, health, and living expenses<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The amount is determined based on the <strong>child\u2019s needs and the financial capacity of the parents<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Can be <strong>modified, increased, decreased, or terminated<\/strong> if circumstances change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"3_Key_Differences_Between_Temporary_Child_Support_and_Participation_Alimony_in_Turkey\">3) Key Differences Between Temporary Child Support and Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/h3>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 24px auto; background: #fffdfb; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 11px 15px; text-align: center; font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4;\">\u2696\ufe0f INTERIM ALIMONY AND CHILD SUPPORT<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 620px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #333;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 22%; padding: 9px 7px; text-align: left; color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Criterion<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 39%; padding: 9px 7px; text-align: left; color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Interim Alimony<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 39%; padding: 9px 7px; text-align: left; color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Child Support<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\ud83d\udcc5 Period<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">During the divorce proceedings.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">After the divorce decision becomes final.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\ud83d\udccc Nature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">It is temporary in nature.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Alimony intended to contribute to the child&#8217;s expenses.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\ud83c\udfaf Purpose<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Protecting the child during the proceedings.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Ensuring parental contribution to the child&#8217;s care and expenses.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px; font-weight: bold; background: #faf7f4;\">\u23f3 Termination<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px;\">Upon the divorce decision becoming final.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px 7px;\">As a rule, when the child reaches the age of majority.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"IS_IT_POSSIBLE_TO_INCREASE_OR_DECREASE_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Is It Possible to Increase or Decrease Child Support in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey <\/strong>may be <strong>increased, decreased, or terminated<\/strong> depending on the changing living conditions of the child and the parties. The Turkish Civil Code recognizes that <strong>child support in Turkey is not fixed or immutable<\/strong> and grants the judge the authority to reassess it if circumstances change.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Increase_of_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">1. Increase of Child Support in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The increase of<\/strong> <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> typically arises when <strong>the child\u2019s needs increase<\/strong> or when the existing alimony becomes <strong>insufficient due to economic conditions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pursuant to <strong>Article 330\/3 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>The judge may, upon request, determine the amount of alimony to be paid in future years based on the social and economic conditions of the parties.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"Grounds_for_Increasing_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">Grounds for Increasing Child Support in Turkey:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Loss of the <strong>real value of alimony due to inflation and cost of living increases<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Increase in the child\u2019s <strong>education, healthcare, and social expenses<\/strong> as they grow older,<\/li>\n<li>An <strong>increase in the income<\/strong> of the alimony debtor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The court may decide that <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> be increased annually in line with <strong>CPI (T\u00dcFE) or PPI (\u00dcFE)<\/strong>, or it may determine a different increase rate depending on the circumstances of the case. However, <strong>such an increase requires a formal request<\/strong>; the judge cannot increase it ex officio.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Decrease_of_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">2. Decrease of Child Support in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey<\/strong> may be reduced or completely abolished if there is a <strong>substantial change in circumstances<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>According to <strong>Article 331 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>In case of a change in circumstances, the judge shall, upon request, re-determine or remove the alimony.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"Grounds_for_Decreasing_Child_Support_in_Turkey\">Grounds for Decreasing Child Support in Turkey:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>A <strong>significant decrease in the income<\/strong> of the alimony debtor,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Unemployment, permanent incapacity to work, or serious health issues<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>A decrease in the child\u2019s needs or the child <strong>starting to earn their own income<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>A <strong>change in custody arrangements<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The court requires that such changes be <strong>permanent and provable<\/strong>. Temporary financial difficulties are generally <strong>not considered sufficient<\/strong> grounds for reducing child support in Turkey.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> is <strong>neither fixed nor unchangeable<\/strong>. If circumstances change, the parties may <strong>at any time apply to the court<\/strong> for the <strong>increase, decrease, or termination of child support in Turkey<\/strong>, subject to judicial review.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"CHILD_SUPPORT_INCREASE_LAWSUIT_AND_CHILD_SUPPORT_REDUCTION_LAWSUIT_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Child Support Increase Lawsuit and Child Support Reduction Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey <\/strong>is intended to cover the child\u2019s <strong>care, education, health, and other essential expenses<\/strong>, and it is a <strong>dynamic legal institution<\/strong>. Over time, changes in the child\u2019s needs or in the <strong>economic and social conditions of either the alimony debtor or the alimony creditor<\/strong> may render the existing amount of child support inequitable. In such cases, an <strong>increase or decrease of child support in Turkey may be requested before the court<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Child_Support_Increase_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Child Support Increase Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p>An <strong>increase of child support in Turkey<\/strong> is sought when the current amount becomes <strong>insufficient to meet the child\u2019s needs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pursuant to <strong>Article 331 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>, child support may be increased if there is a <strong>substantial change in the economic and social conditions of the parties or in the needs of the child<\/strong>. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>An increase in <strong>educational expenses<\/strong> due to the child advancing in education,<\/li>\n<li>The emergence or increase of <strong>healthcare costs<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>loss of real value of alimony due to inflation and economic conditions<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>An <strong>increase in the income<\/strong> of the alimony debtor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A <strong>child support increase lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong> can only be filed <strong>upon the request of one of the parties<\/strong>. The judge cannot amend the amount <strong>ex officio without a request<\/strong>. In evaluating the request, the judge considers the <strong>principle of equity, the social and economic conditions of the parties, and above all, the best interests of the child<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>A lawsuit for increasing child support in Turkey may be filed <strong>at any time until the child reaches the age of majority<\/strong>, and there is <strong>no statute of limitations or forfeiture period<\/strong> for such claims.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Child_Support_Reduction_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">2. Child Support Reduction Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p>A <strong>reduction of child support in Turkey<\/strong> may be requested if there is a <strong>decrease in the financial capacity of the alimony debtor<\/strong> or an <strong>improvement in the financial condition of the recipient<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Situations such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <strong>significant decrease in income<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Unemployment<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chronic illness or health issues affecting the ability to work<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>may require a reassessment of the alimony amount. In such cases, the <strong>burden of proof lies with the alimony debtor<\/strong>, who must demonstrate the change in financial circumstances with <strong>concrete evidence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, a <strong>reduction in the child\u2019s expenses<\/strong>, an <strong>improvement in the financial condition of the receiving party<\/strong>, or the child <strong>earning additional income<\/strong> may also justify a reduction of child support in Turkey.<\/p>\n<p>Even if the amount of child support was determined by mutual agreement during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/uncontested-divorce-process-in-turkey\/\"><strong>an uncontested divorce in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, it may later be subject to a <strong>reduction lawsuit due to changed circumstances<\/strong>. A divorce protocol does <strong>not mean that the alimony amount is immutable<\/strong>. There is likewise <strong>no statute of limitations<\/strong> for filing a child support reduction lawsuit in Turkey.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> is <strong>not a fixed or unchangeable obligation<\/strong> but a type of alimony that can be <strong>reassessed in light of changing circumstances<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <strong>child support increase lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong> is filed when the <strong>child\u2019s needs increase<\/strong> or the <strong>financial capacity of the debtor improves<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>A <strong>child support reduction lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong> is filed when the <strong>debtor\u2019s financial capacity decreases<\/strong> or the <strong>recipient\u2019s financial situation improves<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In both types of cases, the alleged changes must be <strong>proven with concrete, objective, and legally valid evidence<\/strong>, and the court must conduct a <strong>comprehensive evaluation<\/strong> before rendering a decision.<\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bosanma-nafakasi-min-1-scaled.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3128 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bosanma-nafakasi-min-1-800x194.jpg\" alt=\"child support cover in turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"194\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"HOW_IS_THE_CHILD_MAINTENANCE_INCREASE_RATE_CALCULATED_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">How Is the Child Maintenance Increase Rate Calculated in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p>The <strong>increase rate of child maintenance in Turkey <\/strong>is of great importance to ensure that the <strong>changing economic needs of the child are met<\/strong> and that the maintenance does not <strong>lose its real value over time<\/strong>. As a rule, the increase rate depends on the <strong>court decision awarding the maintenance<\/strong> and is determined within the framework of the <strong>relevant provisions of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_What_Happens_If_the_Child_Maintenance_Increase_Rate_Is_Specified_in_the_Court_Decision\">1. What Happens If the Child Maintenance Increase Rate Is Specified in the Court Decision?<\/h3>\n<p>While ruling on <strong>child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong>, the court may determine not only the <strong>initial amount of maintenance<\/strong> but also the <strong>rate at which it will be increased in the following years<\/strong>. This is a result of the <strong>discretion granted to the judge under Article 330\/3 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The court may decide that child maintenance in Turkey shall be increased:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Annually in line with the <strong>CPI (Consumer Price Index)<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>In accordance with the <strong>PPI (Producer Price Index)<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Or based on the <strong>average of the twelve-month CPI\u2013PPI rates<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If a specific <strong>increase rate or index is clearly stated in the court decision<\/strong>, the maintenance is increased accordingly. For example, if the decision states that <em>\u201cchild maintenance shall be increased annually in line with the CPI\u201d<\/em>, the maintenance amount is updated based on the CPI rate announced by the <strong>Turkish Statistical Institute (T\u00dc\u0130K)<\/strong> for the relevant year.<\/p>\n<p>This type of increase is applied <strong>automatically after the decision becomes final<\/strong>, and there is <strong>no need to file a separate lawsuit each year<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Happens_If_the_Child_Maintenance_Increase_Rate_Is_Not_Specified_in_the_Court_Decision\">2. What Happens If the Child Maintenance Increase Rate Is Not Specified in the Court Decision?<\/h3>\n<p>If the court decision does <strong>not include any provision regarding the increase of child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong>, the maintenance <strong>does not increase automatically<\/strong>. In such cases, the <strong>maintenance creditor must file a child maintenance increase lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong> in order to update the amount.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In a child maintenance increase lawsuit, the claimant must prove with concrete evidence<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>increased needs of the child<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Changes in <strong>economic conditions<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>That the <strong>current maintenance amount has become insufficient<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The court evaluates these changes and <strong>re-determines the maintenance amount accordingly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to emphasize that the <strong>judge is bound by the claims of the parties<\/strong>. If the petition does not include a request for an increase or a specific increase rate, the judge <strong>cannot decide on an increase ex officio<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In conclusion, the <strong>increase rate of child maintenance in Turkey<\/strong> is <strong>not a fixed rate<\/strong>, but a <strong>dynamic mechanism determined based on the court decision and the specific circumstances of each case<\/strong>, aiming to meet the needs of the child. The judge may only decide on an increase <strong>upon request and based on the evidence submitted in the case file<\/strong>; the court <strong>cannot rule on an increase on its own initiative<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 24px auto; background: #fffdfb; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 12px 16px; text-align: center; font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4;\">\ud83d\udcc8 CHILD SUPPORT INCREASE<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 7px; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr><!-- INCREASE PROVISION EXISTS --><\/p>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; vertical-align: top; padding: 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; border-radius: 9px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #f6ede9; padding: 10px 8px; text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 5px;\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35;\">INCREASE PROVISION EXISTS<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 11px; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #777; margin-bottom: 5px;\">COURT DECISION<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 9px;\">Increase According to the Specified Rate<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #333;\">If the decision specifies an increase rate or index, child support is increased <strong>according to the method specified in the decision.<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<p><!-- NO INCREASE PROVISION --><\/p>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; vertical-align: top; padding: 0;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; border-radius: 9px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #f6ede9; padding: 10px 8px; text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 5px;\">\u2696\ufe0f<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35;\">NO INCREASE PROVISION<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 11px; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #777; margin-bottom: 5px;\">NEW CLAIM<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 9px;\">Child Support Increase Lawsuit<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #333;\">If the decision contains no increase provision, child support <strong>does not increase automatically.<\/strong> A lawsuit for an increase must be filed due to changed circumstances.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"THE_IMPORTANCE_OF_THE_SOCIAL_INVESTIGATION_REPORT_IN_DETERMINING_PARTICIPATION_ALIMONY_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">The Importance of the Social Investigation Report in Determining Participation Alimony in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p>In determining <strong>participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong>, the <strong>social investigation report (SIR)<\/strong> plays a crucial role in enabling the court to render a <strong>fair and well-founded decision<\/strong>. Frequently used in practice, this report aims to present the <strong>child\u2019s needs and the parties\u2019 socio-economic conditions<\/strong> in an <strong>objective manner based on expert evaluation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>A social investigation report is a <strong>technical document prepared by qualified professionals<\/strong>, assessing the <strong>child\u2019s living conditions, care and educational needs, and the financial and social circumstances of the parents<\/strong>, in line with the <strong>principle of the best interests of the child<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Legal_Function_of_the_Social_Investigation_Report_in_Determining_Child_Maintenance_in_Turkey\">1. Legal Function of the Social Investigation Report in Determining Child Maintenance in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p>While<strong> determining<\/strong> <strong>participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong>, the court may have difficulty directly establishing:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The child\u2019s <strong>care, education, health, and social needs<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The parents\u2019 <strong>income levels and standards of living<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The parties\u2019 <strong>actual contributions to the child\u2019s care<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Therefore, the court benefits from the social investigation report, which helps the judge base their <strong>discretion on concrete and objective data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The social investigation report is also recognized in <strong>Court of Cassation (Yarg\u0131tay) case law<\/strong> as an important <strong>piece of evidence<\/strong>, particularly in cases concerning the <strong>determination, increase, or reduction of alimony<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Scope_of_the_Social_Investigation_Report\">2. Scope of the Social Investigation Report<\/h3>\n<p>During <strong>the preparation of the social investigation report<\/strong>, the following aspects are thoroughly evaluated:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The child\u2019s <strong>living conditions and family environment<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The parents\u2019 <strong>income level, profession, and employment status<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Housing conditions and standards of living<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The child\u2019s <strong>educational status and related expenses<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The child\u2019s <strong>health condition and special needs<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The parties\u2019 <strong>actual relationship with the child and caregiving contributions<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In this respect, the report is not merely an economic assessment, but a <strong>holistic analysis including social and psychological factors<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Social_Investigation_Process_in_Turkey\">3. Social Investigation Process in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The preparation of a social investigation report<\/strong> generally consists of the following stages:<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"a_Request_for_the_Report_and_Planning\"><strong>a) Request for the Report and Planning<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The court may order a social investigation report <strong>ex officio or upon the request of a party<\/strong>. The assessment is typically conducted by <strong>social workers, psychologists, or pedagogues<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"b_Interviews_with_the_Parties\"><strong>b) Interviews with the Parties<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The expert conducts <strong>one-on-one interviews with the parents<\/strong>, evaluating their <strong>income, living conditions, and the child\u2019s daily care arrangements<\/strong>. Where necessary, the <strong>child\u2019s opinion may also be considered<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"c_Home_Visits_and_Observations\"><strong>c) Home Visits and Observations<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The expert may carry out <strong>home visits<\/strong> to observe the child\u2019s <strong>living environment, housing conditions, safety, and health factors<\/strong> on-site.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"d_Examination_of_Documents\"><strong>d) Examination of Documents<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Documents related to the child, such as <strong>health records, school documents, and psychological or counseling reports<\/strong>, are reviewed to concretely determine the child\u2019s needs.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"e_Preparation_of_the_Report\"><strong>e) Preparation of the Report<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Based on all collected data, the report is prepared. It may include <strong>evaluations and recommendations regarding the amount of participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong>, and is then <strong>submitted to the court<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Evaluation_of_the_Social_Investigation_Report_by_the_Court\">4. Evaluation of the Social Investigation Report by the Court<\/h3>\n<p>The court does not consider the social investigation report as <strong>binding<\/strong>, but rather as a <strong>strong and technical piece of evidence<\/strong>. Taking the findings into account, the judge determines a participation alimony amount that is:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In line with the <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Proportionate to the financial capacity of the parties<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consistent with the principle of equity<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The social investigation report is a <strong>critical tool<\/strong> in the determination of <strong>participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong>, ensuring that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>child\u2019s actual needs are accurately identified<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>parents\u2019 economic and social conditions are objectively assessed<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The court\u2019s decision is <strong>sound, fair, and subject to review<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For this reason, the social investigation report is considered one of the <strong>most important evidentiary tools<\/strong> supporting the court\u2019s decision-making process in practice.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"WHEN_DOES_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY_END\" class=\"cb-bh\">When Does Child Support in Turkey End?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Child support in Turkey<\/strong> arises from the obligation to contribute to the <strong>care, education, and protection expenses of the child<\/strong> under the Turkish Civil Code. As a rule, it is <strong>not temporary<\/strong>, but a continuing obligation dependent on the <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong>. Therefore, the termination of child support in Turkey depends on the occurrence of <strong>specific legal conditions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_The_Child_Reaching_the_Age_of_Majority_Article_328_TCC\">1. The Child Reaching the Age of Majority (Article 328 TCC)<\/h3>\n<p>As a general rule, <strong>child support in Turkey ends when the child reaches the age of 18<\/strong>. However, this rule is not absolute.<\/p>\n<p>If the child continues their <strong>education<\/strong> and has not yet achieved <strong>financial independence<\/strong>, participation alimony does not continue automatically; however, the child may file a lawsuit in their own name and claim <strong>assistance alimony<\/strong> from the parents under <strong>Article 328\/2 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Marriage_of_the_Child\">2. Marriage of the Child<\/h3>\n<p>If the child <strong>gets married<\/strong>, it is assumed that they establish an <strong>independent family unit<\/strong>, and therefore, <strong>child support in Turkey automatically terminates<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_The_Child_Being_Declared_of_Age_by_Court_Decision_Judicial_Emancipation\">3. The Child Being Declared of Age by Court Decision (Judicial Emancipation)<\/h3>\n<p>If the child is declared legally of age by a <strong>court decision (judicial emancipation)<\/strong>, child support in Turkey ends. This requires the child to have <strong>reached the age of 15<\/strong>, the child\u2019s own request and the consent of their legal representative, and that emancipation is in the <strong>child\u2019s best interest<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Death_of_the_Child\">4. Death of the Child<\/h3>\n<p>In the event of the <strong>child\u2019s death<\/strong>, child support in Turkey naturally terminates. Since maintenance rights are <strong>strictly personal<\/strong>, they do not pass to heirs under inheritance law.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"5_Death_of_the_Alimony_Debtor\">5. Death of the Alimony Debtor<\/h3>\n<p>If the <strong>alimony debtor dies<\/strong>, the obligation for <strong>future child support in Turkey ends<\/strong>. However, any <strong>accrued but unpaid maintenance debts<\/strong> up to the date of death <strong>may<\/strong> <strong>be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/inheritance-law-in-turkey\/\">claimed from the heirs<\/a><\/strong>, unless they have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/disclaimer-of-inheritance\/\"><strong>rejected the inheritance<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"6_The_Child_Becoming_Financially_Independent\">6. The Child Becoming Financially Independent<\/h3>\n<p>The child <strong>earning income<\/strong> does not automatically terminate child support in Turkey. However, if the child has a <strong>regular and sufficient income or can<\/strong> <strong>independently cover their living expenses<\/strong>, the alimony debtor may file a <strong>lawsuit for termination of child support in Turkey<\/strong>. The court will evaluate the child\u2019s <strong>actual financial situation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"7_Change_of_Custody\">7. Change of Custody<\/h3>\n<p>If <strong>custody of the child is transferred to the alimony debtor<\/strong>, child support in Turkey ends, since the parent now directly bears the child\u2019s expenses.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"8_Complete_Loss_of_the_Debtors_Financial_Capacity\">8. Complete Loss of the Debtor\u2019s Financial Capacity<\/h3>\n<p>A <strong>decrease in the debtor\u2019s financial capacity<\/strong> generally leads to a <strong>reduction<\/strong>, not termination, of child support in Turkey. However, in exceptional cases; if the debtor falls into <strong>severe and permanent poverty<\/strong>, or if paying maintenance would push the debtor <strong>below minimum living standards<\/strong>, the court may decide to <strong>terminate child support in Turkey<\/strong>. The <strong>burden of proof lies with the debtor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"9_Situations_That_Do_NOT_Automatically_Terminate_Child_Support\">9. Situations That Do NOT Automatically Terminate Child Support<\/h3>\n<p>The following circumstances <strong>do not automatically end child support in Turkey<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>One of the divorced parents <strong>remarrying<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The custodial parent <strong>unilaterally waiving maintenance<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The debtor experiencing a <strong>temporary loss of income<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Since child support in Turkey is a <strong>right belonging to the child<\/strong>, it cannot be eliminated solely by the will of the parents.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong> may <strong>terminate<\/strong> with the occurrence of legal and factual conditions such as the <strong>child reaching majority<\/strong>, <strong>getting married<\/strong>, <strong>passing away<\/strong>, a <strong>change in custody<\/strong>, or the <strong>child becoming financially independent<\/strong>. In cases outside of these conditions, the <strong>termination or cancellation of participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong> is only possible through a <strong>court decision<\/strong>. The court, in every case, evaluates based on the <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 24px auto; background: #fffdfb; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 12px 16px; text-align: center; font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4;\">\u23f3 WHEN DOES CHILD SUPPORT END?<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 6px; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #f6ede9; padding: 9px 10px; color: #8b3516; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">01<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.35; margin-top: 3px;\">Child Reaching the Age of Majority<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #333; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\">As a rule, child support ends when the child reaches the age of 18.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #f6ede9; padding: 9px 10px; color: #8b3516; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">02<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.35; margin-top: 3px;\">Child Getting Married<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #333; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\">Child support ends if the child gets married.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #f6ede9; padding: 9px 10px; color: #8b3516; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">03<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.35; margin-top: 3px;\">Majority by Court Decision<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #333; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\">Child support ends if the child is declared an adult by a court decision.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #f6ede9; padding: 9px 10px; color: #8b3516; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">04<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.35; margin-top: 3px;\">Death of the Child<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.5; color: #333; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\">Child support ends prospectively upon the death of the child.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"WHAT_HAPPENS_IF_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY_IS_NOT_PAID\" class=\"cb-bh\"><strong>What Happens If Child Support in Turkey Is Not Paid?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Participation alimony in Turkey <\/strong>is a type of alimony awarded by court order to cover a <strong>child\u2019s care, education, and other essential expenses<\/strong> after divorce or separation. <strong>Regular and complete payment<\/strong> is crucial to protect the <strong>best interests of the child<\/strong>. If the alimony is <strong>not paid<\/strong>, the entitled parent has the right to pursue <strong>enforcement proceedings<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Existence_and_Finality_of_Court_Decision_in_Turkey\"><strong>1. Existence and Finality of Court Decision in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>For <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> to be enforceable, there must be a <strong>final court decision or an enforceable judgment<\/strong> ordering the alimony. Under Article 330 of the Turkish Civil Code, alimony is paid monthly in advance; <strong>each monthly instalment becomes due on its payment date<\/strong>, and the decision can be used as the basis for enforcement.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Non-Payment_of_Alimony\"><strong>2. Non-Payment of Alimony<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>If the alimony is <strong>not paid at all or is only partially paid<\/strong> according to the court schedule, the alimony recipient may directly initiate <strong>enforcement proceedings in Turkey<\/strong>. There is <strong>no requirement to send a separate notice<\/strong> for the debtor to be considered in default.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Initiating_Enforcement_Proceedings_in_Turkey\"><strong>3. Initiating Enforcement Proceedings in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Enforcement of child support in Turkey<\/strong> is carried out via <strong>court-ordered enforcement<\/strong>. The recipient submits the <strong>court decision and unpaid amounts<\/strong> to the enforcement office, which then sends an <strong>enforcement notice to the debtor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Wage_Garnishment_and_Other_Seizures\"><strong>4. Wage Garnishment and Other Seizures<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>If the debtor fails to pay, <strong>garnishment can be applied<\/strong> <strong>to wages, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tax-on-foreign-income-in-turkey\/\">foreign salary based income<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/taxation-of-foreign-sourced-income-in-turkey\/\">overseas income<\/a>, bank accounts, movable and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-law-in-turkey\/\">immovable property<\/a>, and<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/title-search-process-in-turkey\/\"><strong>title deeds<\/strong><\/a>. Other assets like <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/ip-law-in-turkey\/\">intellectual property rights<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/trademark-registration-in-turkey\/\">trademarks<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/types-of-employment-contracts\/\">labour claims<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/worker-compensation-rights-in-turkey\/\">worker&#8217;s compensation rights<\/a> like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/severance-pay-calculation\/\">severance payments<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/notice-pay-in-turkey\/\">notice payments<\/a> etc., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/collection-of-footballers-debts\/\">athlete claims<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/\">seafarer claims<\/a><\/strong> can also be targeted. <strong>Child support in Turkey is considered a privileged claim<\/strong>, meaning it is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/debt-enforcement-in-turkey\/\"><strong>collected before ordinary debts<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Important points:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wage garnishment for alimony is <strong>not limited to 1\/4<\/strong>; under Article 83 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law, one quarter is the minimum amount to be garnished, not the maximum.<\/li>\n<li>The wage can be garnished <strong>after deducting the amount the enforcement officer considers necessary for the livelihood of the debtor and their family<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Where a ranking of creditors is prepared, <strong>alimony accrued within the last year ranks ahead of ordinary debts<\/strong>, reflecting the principle of <strong>protecting the child\u2019s best interests<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"5_Compulsory_Imprisonment\"><strong>5. Compulsory Imprisonment<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>If <strong>participation alimony in Turkey<\/strong> is not paid, the recipient may also <strong>request compulsory imprisonment<\/strong> at the enforcement criminal court. The debtor can be <strong>imprisoned for up to 3 months<\/strong> until payment is made. Once the debt is settled, imprisonment <strong>ends immediately<\/strong>. Under Article 347 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law, the right to file this complaint lapses three months after the non-payment is learned of and, in any event, one year after it occurs.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"6_Importance_of_Legal_Assistance\"><strong>6. Importance of Legal Assistance<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Enforcing <strong>child support in Turkey<\/strong> requires knowledge of <strong>both enforcement and family law<\/strong>. Mistakes or incomplete actions can lead to <strong>loss of rights<\/strong>, so the process should be <strong>handled under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/online-legal-services\/\">the guidance of a lawyer in Turkey<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lahey-sozlesmesi-cocuk-kacirma.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-4326\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lahey-sozlesmesi-cocuk-kacirma-800x276.jpg\" alt=\"child support enforcement\" width=\"800\" height=\"276\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ENFORCEMENT_AND_RECOGNITION_OF_FOREIGN_COURT_DECISIONS_REGARDING_CHILD_SUPPORT_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\">Enforcement and Recognition of Foreign Court Decisions Regarding Child Support in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p><strong>For foreign court decisions on<\/strong> <strong>child support to produce legal effects in Turkey<\/strong>, it is necessary to apply for <strong>recognition<\/strong> or <strong>enforcement (exequatur)<\/strong>. These processes, under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/turkish-citizenship\/\"><strong>private international law<\/strong><\/a>, aim to render a child support decision issued by a foreign court valid within <strong>the Turkish legal system and enforceable if necessary.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3 id=\"Foreign_Court_Decisions_on_Child_Support\"><strong>Foreign Court Decisions on Child Support<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Decisions regarding child support issued by a foreign court are <strong>not automatically valid or enforceable in Turkey<\/strong>. For such decisions to produce legal effects in Turkey, they must be <strong>recognized or enforced<\/strong> pursuant to the provisions of <strong>Law No. 5718 on Private International and Procedural Law (M\u00d6HUK).<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3 id=\"Making_a_Foreign_Child_Support_Decision_Enforceable_in_Turkey\"><strong>Making a Foreign Child Support Decision Enforceable in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>To enable the enforcement of a foreign child support decision in Turkey<\/strong>, an <strong>enforcement ruling<\/strong> must be obtained. Enforcement is a legal procedure that allows <strong>a foreign court decision to gain enforceability under Turkish courts.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In this process, the child support creditor must file an enforcement case in the <strong>Family Court<\/strong> with:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The original or certified copy of <strong>the foreign court decision<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>A document proving that<strong> the decision has become final<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>Properly <strong>certified translations<\/strong> of the documents.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>The court may grant enforcement if:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>There is <strong>reciprocity<\/strong> between Turkey and the state where the decision was given,<\/li>\n<li>The foreign decision is <strong>not manifestly contrary to Turkish public policy<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The parties were granted proper<strong> procedural rights in the foreign proceedings<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>The matter <strong>does not fall within the exclusive jurisdiction of Turkish courts.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Once the enforcement decision becomes final, the foreign child support decision can be pursued through <strong>execution proceedings in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3 id=\"Recognition_of_Foreign_Decisions\"><strong>Recognition of Foreign Decisions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Recognition allows a foreign court decision to have the effect of a <strong>final judgment and conclusive evidence in Turkey<\/strong>, but it does <strong>not confer enforceability<\/strong>. Therefore, if the purpose is only to establish the existence of a debt or legal status, <strong>recognition may suffice.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>However, because child support is an obligation that requires performance, in practice, <strong>parties usually pursue<\/strong> <strong>enforcement rather than mere recognition<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3 id=\"Role_of_International_Conventions\"><strong>Role of International Conventions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/contract-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>International conventions<\/strong><\/a> to which Turkey is a party provide significant facilitation for cross-border enforcement of <strong>child custody, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/parental-abduction\/\">parental abduction<\/a>, and support decisions<\/strong>. In particular, the <strong>1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/international-child-abduction\/\">International Child Abduction<\/a><\/strong> and the <strong>19 October 1996 Hague Convention on Jurisdiction, Applicable Law, Recognition, Enforcement, and Cooperation in Respect of Parental Responsibility and Measures for the Protection of Children<\/strong> create an important framework in international child law. However, the 1996 Convention expressly excludes maintenance obligations from its scope (Art. 4(e)). For child support decisions, the relevant instruments are the <strong>Hague Convention of 2 October 1973 on the Recognition and Enforcement of Decisions Relating to Maintenance Obligations<\/strong> and the <strong>Hague Convention of 23 November 2007 on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance<\/strong>, to both of which Turkey is a party.<\/p>\n<p>These conventions aim to strengthen cooperation between state authorities regarding jurisdiction, <strong>protection of the child\u2019s best interests, and recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3 id=\"Application_in_Turkey\"><strong>Application in Turkey<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The implementation of foreign child support decisions in Turkey<\/strong> is primarily ensured through <strong>recognition and enforcement under M\u00d6HUK<\/strong>. However, because Article 1\/2 of M\u00d6HUK reserves the international conventions to which Turkey is a party, where the state of origin is also a party to the 1973 or 2007 Hague Convention, <strong>recognition and enforcement are governed primarily by that convention<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For <strong>a foreign court decision on child support to produce legal effect in Turkey<\/strong>, it is necessary to apply for <strong>recognition or enforcement<\/strong>, depending on the nature of the decision. To actually collect the support, an <strong>enforcement decision<\/strong> must be obtained. These procedures are vital to ensure the <strong>economic security of the child<\/strong> and provide legal certainty in international family law disputes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-html\"><div class=\"cb-legal-box\">\n    <div class=\"cb-legal-inner\">\n        <p class=\"cb-legal-text\">\n            You can explore our other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/blog\/\" class=\"cb-legal-link\">articles<\/a> or contact us for your legal support inquiries.\n        <\/p>\n        <div class=\"cb-legal-action\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/contact-us\/\" class=\"cb-legal-btn\">Contact Us<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.cb-legal-box {\n    background: #ffffff;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516; \n    border-radius: 8px;\n    padding: 30px;\n    margin: 30px auto;\n    width: 100%;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\n    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\n}\n\n.cb-legal-inner {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: space-between;\n    gap: 30px;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-text {\n    margin: 0;\n    font-size: 19px;\n    color: #333333;\n    line-height: 1.5;\n    flex: 2;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-link {\n    color: #8b3516;\n    text-decoration: underline;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-action {\n    flex: 1;\n    text-align: right;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn {\n    display: inline-block;\n    background-color: #8b3516;\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n    padding: 14px 28px;\n    border-radius: 5px;\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    transition: all 0.3s ease;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn:hover {\n    background-color: #000000;\n    border-color: #000000;\n}\n\n\/* MOB\u0130LDEK\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dcNT\u00dcY\u00dc D\u00dcZELTEN KISIM *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .cb-legal-box {\n        padding: 20px 15px; \/* Yan bo\u015fluklar\u0131 azaltt\u0131k *\/\n        margin: 20px 0;\n        width: 100% !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-inner {\n        flex-direction: column !important;\n        gap: 15px; \/* Yaz\u0131 ve buton aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fu daraltt\u0131k *\/\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-text {\n        font-size: 16px; \/* Yaz\u0131y\u0131 mobilde bir t\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltt\u00fck ki s\u0131\u011fs\u0131n *\/\n        text-align: center !important;\n        width: 100%;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-action {\n        width: 100%;\n        text-align: center !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-btn {\n        width: 80%; \/* Butonun ekran\u0131 komple bo\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in %80 yapt\u0131k *\/\n        padding: 12px 20px;\n        font-size: 15px;\n        display: inline-block; \/* Block yerine inline-block + %80 daha zarif durur *\/\n    }\n}\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_5614fb73 height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style id=\"cb-yasal-uyari-css\">div.cb-yasal-uyari{background:#f7f7f7;border-left:3px solid #8b3516;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;padding:12px 16px;margin:0;box-sizing:border-box}div.cb-yasal-uyari p{margin:0;font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;text-align:left}div.cb-yasal-uyari strong{color:#8b3516;font-weight:700}section.l-section:has(div.cb-yasal-uyari){background:none!important;border-radius:0!important}<\/style><div class=\"cb-yasal-uyari\" role=\"note\"><p><strong>Legal Disclaimer:<\/strong> The copyright in the articles and content on this website belongs to Attorney Orbay \u00c7okg\u00f6r; the content may be quoted provided that the source is credited and an active link to the relevant page is given. All content on this website is for general information purposes only, does not constitute legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship. The information may have become outdated due to changes in legislation and case law; for your specific legal situation, always seek legal assistance from a lawyer.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"LEGAL PROCESS FOR CHILD SUPPORT IN TURKEY, REQUIREMENTS AND DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT UNDER TURKISH LAW Child support in Turkey is referred to in doctrine and practice as participation alimony and is a legal institution regulated under the Turkish Civil Code. This type of alimony refers to the financial contribution paid by one parent to...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2266,"parent":1806,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1815","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1815"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1815\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1806"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}