{"id":2848,"date":"2023-04-29T11:06:11","date_gmt":"2023-04-29T11:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/?p=2848"},"modified":"2026-10-09T07:09:46","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T07:09:46","slug":"title-search-process-in-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/title-search-process-in-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Title Search Process in Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"<style id=\"cb-bh-css\">h1.cb-bh,h2.cb-bh{text-transform:uppercase}<\/style><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671-800x400.jpg\" class=\"attachment-us_800_400 size-us_800_400\" alt=\"title search process in turkey\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671-100x50.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671-90x45.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671-120x60.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-e1739561063671.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>nav.cb-toc{background:#fff;border:1px solid #8b3516;border-radius:6px;padding:10px 16px;margin:0 0 1.5em;display:table;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left}nav.cb-toc summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:400;font-size:15px;color:#000;list-style:none;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5em}nav.cb-toc summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}nav.cb-toc summary:after{content:\"\\25BE\";color:#8b3516;transition:transform .2s}nav.cb-toc details[open] summary:after{transform:rotate(180deg)}nav.cb-toc ol{list-style:none;margin:8px 0 0;padding:0}nav.cb-toc ol ol{margin:2px 0 4px 4px;padding-left:14px;border-left:1px solid #e6dcd8}nav.cb-toc li{margin:4px 0;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.45;color:#000}nav.cb-toc ol ol li{font-size:13px}nav.cb-toc a,nav.cb-toc a:visited{color:#000;text-decoration:none}nav.cb-toc ol ol a,nav.cb-toc ol ol a:visited{color:#444}nav.cb-toc a:hover,nav.cb-toc a:focus{color:#8b3516;text-decoration:underline}h1[id],h2[id],h3[id],h4[id]{scroll-margin-top:120px}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}<\/style><nav class=\"cb-toc\" aria-label=\"Table of Contents\"><details><summary>Table of Contents<\/summary><ol><li><a href=\"#LEGAL_NATURE_OF_ANNOTATIONS_AND_DECLARATIONS_IN_THE_LAND_REGISTRY_RECORD_IN_TURKEY\">Legal Nature of Annotations and Declarations in the Land Registry Record in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#What_Is_a_Property_Record_in_Turkey\">What Is a Property Record in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_What_Information_Does_a_Land_Registry_Record_in_Turkey_Contain\">1. What Information Does a Land Registry Record in Turkey Contain?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Why_Is_the_Land_Registry_Record_Legally_Important_in_Turkey\">2. Why Is the Land Registry Record Legally Important in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Do_Annotation_and_Declaration_Mean_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">What Do Annotation and Declaration Mean on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_What_Is_an_Annotation_Serh_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">1. What Is an Annotation (\u015eerh) on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Is_a_Declaration_Beyan_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">2. What Is a Declaration (Beyan) on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_What_Is_the_Difference_Between_an_Annotation_and_a_Declaration_in_Turkey\">3. What Is the Difference Between an Annotation and a Declaration in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_What_Does_Other_Declarations_Are_Being_Established_Mean_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">4. What Does &#8220;Other Declarations Are Being Established&#8221; Mean on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_What_Is_a_No-Transaction_Declaration_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">5. What Is a No-Transaction Declaration on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Does_SBI_Var_Mean_in_the_Land_Registry_Record_in_Turkey\">What Does &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 Var&#8221; Mean in the Land Registry Record in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Is_SBI_Var_a_Risk_for_a_Property_in_Turkey\">1. Is &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 Var&#8221; a Risk for a Property in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Do_SBI_Yok_and_Detailed_for_Active_Owners_%E2%80%93_SBI_Var_Mean_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">2. What Do &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 Yok&#8221; and &#8220;Detailed for Active Owners \u2013 \u015eB\u0130 Var&#8221; Mean on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Is_the_Effect_of_Annotations_and_Declarations_in_the_Land_Registry_on_Immovable_Property_in_Turkey\">What Is the Effect of Annotations and Declarations in the Land Registry on Immovable Property in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_to_Check_Annotations_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">How to Check Annotations on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_What_Is_a_Title_Deed_Encumbrance_Document_Takyidat_Belgesi_in_Turkey\">1. What Is a Title Deed Encumbrance Document (Takyidat Belgesi) in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_How_to_Obtain_a_Land_Registry_Record_Through_e-Devlet_and_Web_Tapu_in_Turkey\">2. How to Obtain a Land Registry Record Through e-Devlet and Web Tapu in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Can_You_Check_the_Title_Deed_of_Someone_Elses_Property_in_Turkey\">3. Can You Check the Title Deed of Someone Else&#8217;s Property in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_to_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey_and_Who_Can_Do_It\">How to Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey and Who Can Do It?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Who_Can_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">1. Who Can Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Documents_Are_Required_to_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">2. What Documents Are Required to Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Can_an_Annotation_Be_Placed_on_a_Title_Deed_via_e-Devlet_or_a_Notary_in_Turkey\">3. Can an Annotation Be Placed on a Title Deed via e-Devlet or a Notary in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_How_to_Place_and_Remove_a_Family_Home_Annotation_in_Turkey\">4. How to Place and Remove a Family Home Annotation in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_How_to_Place_an_Unsaleable_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">5. How to Place an &#8220;Unsaleable&#8221; Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_How_Much_Does_It_Cost_to_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">6. How Much Does It Cost to Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_Long_Is_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_Valid_in_Turkey\">How Long Is an Annotation on a Title Deed Valid in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Is_It_Possible_to_Sell_a_Property_With_Deed_Restrictions_or_Encumbrances_in_Turkey\">Is It Possible to Sell a Property With Deed Restrictions or Encumbrances in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Is_It_Possible_to_Remove_Deed_Restrictions_on_Property_in_Turkey\">Is It Possible to Remove Deed Restrictions on Property in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_How_Are_Different_Types_of_Annotations_Removed_in_Turkey\">1. How Are Different Types of Annotations Removed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Process_for_Removing_Deed_Restriction_in_the_Property_Record_in_Turkey\">2. Process for Removing Deed Restriction in the Property Record in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Can_an_Annotation_Be_Removed_via_e-Devlet_in_Turkey\">3. Can an Annotation Be Removed via e-Devlet in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_When_Is_a_Lawsuit_Filed_to_Remove_an_Annotation_in_Turkey\">4. When Is a Lawsuit Filed to Remove an Annotation in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#The_Importance_of_Title_Search_in_Turkey_Before_Purchasing_Real_Estate\">The Importance of Title Search in Turkey Before Purchasing Real Estate<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Why_Is_a_Land_Registry_Review_Important_in_Turkey\">1. Why Is a Land Registry Review Important in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#a_Identifying_Factors_That_Restrict_Ownership_or_Sale_Under_Turkish_Law\">a) Identifying Factors That Restrict Ownership or Sale Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#b_Protection_Against_Fraud_through_Deed_Search_in_Turkey\">b) Protection Against Fraud through Deed Search in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#c_Verification_of_Land_Registry_Information_through_a_Property_Search_in_Turkey\">c) Verification of Land Registry Information through a Property Search in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_How_to_Conduct_a_Title_Deed_Search_in_Turkey\">2. How to Conduct a Title Deed Search in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#Examples_of_the_Most_Common_Encumbrances_on_Real_Estate_and_Annotations_on_Property_in_Turkey\">Examples of the Most Common Encumbrances on Real Estate and Annotations on Property in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Annotations_That_Prevent_the_Sale_or_Make_It_Subject_to_Permission_in_Turkey\">1. Annotations That Prevent the Sale or Make It Subject to Permission in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Ownership_Dispute_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Ownership Dispute Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Sale_Offer_Annotation_Article_150c_of_the_Enforcement_and_Bankruptcy_Law\">Sale Offer Annotation (Article 150\/c of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Family_Home_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Family Home Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Precautionary_Measure_Interim_Injunction_in_Turkey\">Precautionary Measure \/ Interim Injunction in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Seizure_of_Public_Receivables_Under_Turkish_Law\">Seizure of Public Receivables Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Bankruptcy_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Bankruptcy Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Concordat_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Concordat Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Partition_Action_Sale_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Partition Action Sale Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Estate_Lawsuit_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Estate Lawsuit Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Foundation_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Foundation Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-Year_No-Sale_Annotation_in_Turkey_Due_to_Turkish_Citizenship_Acquisition\">3-Year No-Sale Annotation in Turkey Due to Turkish Citizenship Acquisition<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Municipality_Participation_Fee_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Municipality Participation Fee Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_Under_the_Turkish_Law_on_Organized_Industrial_Zones_OIZ\">Annotation Under the Turkish Law on Organized Industrial Zones (OIZ)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_Under_the_Slum_Housing_Law_No_775\">Annotation Under the Slum Housing Law No. 775<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Restriction_Annotation_Under_the_Settlement_Law_No_5543\">Restriction Annotation Under the Settlement Law No. 5543<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#No_Other_Public_Use_Without_the_Transferring_Administrations_Permission_Declaration_in_Turkey\">&#8220;No Other Public Use Without the Transferring Administration&#8217;s Permission&#8221; Declaration in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Guardianship_Annotations_Restricting_Legal_Capacity_in_Turkey\">Guardianship Annotations Restricting Legal Capacity in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Annotations_Indicating_a_Risk_of_Loss_or_Demolition_of_the_Property_in_Turkey\">2. Annotations Indicating a Risk of Loss or Demolition of the Property in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Expropriation_Annotation_Article_7_of_Law_No_2942\">Expropriation Annotation (Article 7 of Law No. 2942)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Allocated_to_the_Public_Allocated_for_Public_Interest_Annotation_in_Turkey\">&#8220;Allocated to the Public&#8221; \/ &#8220;Allocated for Public Interest&#8221; Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_That_the_Property_Lies_Within_the_Forest_Boundary_or_Forest_Cadastre_Under_Turkish_Law\">Annotation That the Property Lies Within the Forest Boundary or Forest Cadastre Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Private_Forest_in_Turkey\">Private Forest in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Risky_Building_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Risky Building Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Urban_Transformation_Reserve_Building_Area_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Urban Transformation \/ Reserve Building Area Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_of_Unlicensed_or_Unauthorized_Construction_Under_the_Turkish_Zoning_Law\">Annotation of Unlicensed or Unauthorized Construction Under the Turkish Zoning Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Partial_Demolition_Decision_in_Turkey\">Partial Demolition Decision in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Military_Prohibition_%E2%80%93_Military_Security_Zone_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Military Prohibition \u2013 Military Security Zone Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotations_Under_the_Law_on_the_Protection_of_Cultural_and_Natural_Heritage_in_Turkey\">Annotations Under the Law on the Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Encroachment_on_Neighboring_Parcel_Overflow_Construction_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Encroachment on Neighboring Parcel (Overflow Construction) Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_of_a_Construction_Contract_in_Exchange_for_Flats_in_Turkey\">Annotation of a Construction Contract in Exchange for Flats in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Declarations_Under_Articles_221_and_222-a_of_the_Cadastre_Law_No_3402\">Declarations Under Articles 22\/1 and 22\/2-a of the Cadastre Law No. 3402<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_Entered_Under_Article_41_of_the_Cadastre_Law_No_3402\">Annotation Entered Under Article 41 of the Cadastre Law No. 3402<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Limited_Real_and_Personal_Rights_That_Pass_to_the_Buyer_in_Turkey\">3. Limited Real and Personal Rights That Pass to the Buyer in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Mortgage_on_the_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">Mortgage on the Title Deed in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Seizure_Provisional_Seizure_in_Turkey\">Seizure \/ Provisional Seizure in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Lease_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Lease Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Financial_Leasing_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Financial Leasing Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Promise_to_Sell_Agreement_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Promise to Sell Agreement Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Redemption_Repurchase_Right_in_Turkey\">Right of Redemption (Repurchase Right) in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Pre-Emption_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Pre-Emption Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Purchase_in_Turkey\">Right of Purchase in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Usufruct_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Usufruct Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Habitation_in_Turkey\">Right of Habitation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Superficies_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Superficies Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Easement_Right_in_Turkey\">Easement Right in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Right_of_Passage_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Passage Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Spring_Water_Source_Right_in_Turkey\">Spring (Water Source) Right in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Real_Easement_in_Favor_of_the_Treasury_Under_Turkish_Law\">Real Easement in Favor of the Treasury Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Lease_and_Easement_Rights_in_Favor_of_Public_Utility_Companies_in_Turkey\">Lease and Easement Rights in Favor of Public Utility Companies in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_of_Perpetual_Right_of_Disposal_in_Favor_of_the_Property_in_Turkey\">Annotation of Perpetual Right of Disposal in Favor of the Property in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Annotation_of_Perpetual_Right_of_Disposal_Against_the_Property_in_Turkey\">Annotation of Perpetual Right of Disposal Against the Property in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Declaration_of_a_Disposition_Upon_Death_Under_Turkish_Law\">Declaration of a Disposition Upon Death Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#IPKA_Remaining_Land_Share_in_Turkey\">IPKA (Remaining Land Share) in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Fixtures_Muhdesat_Under_Turkish_Law\">Fixtures (Muhdesat) Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Co-Ownership_of_the_Land_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Co-Ownership of the Land Annotation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Informative_Explanatory_Declarations_in_Turkey\">4. Informative (Explanatory) Declarations in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Management_Plan_and_Management_Plan_Amendment_Declarations_Under_Turkish_Law\">Management Plan and Management Plan Amendment Declarations Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Parking_Declaration_in_Turkey\">Parking Declaration in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Jointly_Used_Areas_Declaration_in_Turkey\">Jointly Used Areas Declaration in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Originates_From_an_Ottoman_Title_Deed_Declaration_in_Turkey\">&#8220;Originates From an Ottoman Title Deed&#8221; Declaration in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Declaration_of_Change_of_Type_Under_Turkish_Law\">Declaration of Change of Type Under Turkish Law<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Discrepancy_Between_the_Architectural_Project_for_Floor_Easement_and_the_Actual_Situation_in_Turkey\">Discrepancy Between the Architectural Project for Floor Easement and the Actual Situation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Zoning_Law_No_3194_Zoning_Implementation_%E2%80%93_Article_18_Annotation\">Zoning Law No. 3194 (Zoning Implementation \u2013 Article 18) Annotation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#In-Kind_Capital_Annotation_Under_Article_128_of_the_Turkish_Commercial_Code\">&#8220;In-Kind Capital&#8221; Annotation Under Article 128 of the Turkish Commercial Code<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Tax_Relationship_Terminated_Declaration_in_Turkey\">&#8220;Tax Relationship Terminated&#8221; Declaration in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#The_Importance_of_a_Land_Registry_Lawyer_in_Turkey_for_the_Process_of_Property_Search_in_Turkey\">The Importance of a Land Registry Lawyer in Turkey for the Process of Property Search in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#a_Accurate_Understanding_of_Legal_Nature_of_Deed_Restriction_in_Turkey\">a) Accurate Understanding of Legal Nature of Deed Restriction in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#b_Determining_the_True_Value_of_the_Property_in_Turkey\">b) Determining the True Value of the Property in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#c_Prevention_of_Potential_Legal_Issues_in_Turkey\">c) Prevention of Potential Legal Issues in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#d_Expediting_Official_Procedures_in_Turkey\">d) Expediting Official Procedures in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/details><\/nav>\n<h1 id=\"LEGAL_NATURE_OF_ANNOTATIONS_AND_DECLARATIONS_IN_THE_LAND_REGISTRY_RECORD_IN_TURKEY\" class=\"cb-bh\"><strong>Legal Nature of Annotations and Declarations in the Land Registry Record in Turkey<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><strong>A title deed search in Turkey reveals the annotations (\u015ferh), declarations (beyan) and easements recorded on a property; these entries do not change ownership of the property directly but affect its use, transfer and value.<\/strong> The note <strong>&#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var&#8221;<\/strong> on a land registry record obtained through e-Devlet or Web Tapu means that at least one annotation, declaration or easement exists on the property. <strong>The land registry in Turkey<\/strong> is an official record system containing formal and binding information about <strong>ownership rights over immovable properties, legal restrictions, and rights granted to third parties<\/strong>. There are two types of records in the land registry in Turkey: <strong>annotation records<\/strong> and <strong>declaration records<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Annotations and declarations in the land registry in Turkey<\/strong> indicate the existence of a specific situation related to the immovable property. This situation may create <strong>a right or obligation on the property<\/strong> or may merely serve as <strong>an informative declaration<\/strong>. When conducting a title search in Turkey, these records are crucial because they show <strong>any rights, restrictions, or obligations tied to the property<\/strong> before it is bought, leased or mortgaged.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-iconbox us_custom_aea21514 iconpos_left style_default color_secondary align_center no_title\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-icon\" style=\"font-size:2rem;\"><i class=\"fas fa-gavel\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox-meta\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-text\"><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuatmetin\/1.5.4721.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Turkish Civil Code<\/a> Article 1008 &#8211;<\/strong> The following rights regarding immovable property are registered in the land registry:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ownership,<\/li>\n<li>Servitudes and encumbrances on immovable property,<\/li>\n<li>Mortgage rights.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Article 1009 &#8211;<\/strong> Rights arising from contracts such as construction in return for land share, promise to sell immovable property, lease, purchase, pre-emption, and retraction agreements, as well as other rights explicitly provided for in the laws, may be registered as encumbrances in the land registry. These encumbrances can be claimed against the owners of subsequently acquired rights on that property.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 id=\"What_Is_a_Property_Record_in_Turkey\">What Is a Property Record in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>A property record in Turkey is the entry in the state-kept land registry that officially registers the ownership of an immovable property, the real rights over it and other legal situations affecting it.<\/strong> The property record in Turkey is a legal document created to ensure the legal validity of <strong>property ownership and other rights related to the immovable property<\/strong> under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Turkish Real Estate Law<\/strong><\/a> and to provide transparent monitoring of these rights. In Turkey, the land registry is kept <strong>by the land registry offices of the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre (TKGM)<\/strong>, and the <strong>legal status of each property<\/strong> is determined by the information contained in these records.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_What_Information_Does_a_Land_Registry_Record_in_Turkey_Contain\">1. What Information Does a Land Registry Record in Turkey Contain?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A land registry record in Turkey contains detailed information about the physical and legal status of an immovable property.<\/strong> This information covers ownership, real rights over the property, obligations, and other legal conditions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Description of the Immovable Property:<\/strong> Basic features such as <strong>the type of property (land, building, workplace, etc.), land registry details (block, parcel number, etc.), and area.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ownership Information:<\/strong> Details of the owner(s) of the property, including <strong>their identity information, Turkish ID numbers, and ownership shares.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Annotations, Declarations and Easements:<\/strong> Records of real rights such <strong>as mortgages, easements, and usufructs on the property, as well as any liens, injunctions, or similar restrictions.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Transfers and Transactions:<\/strong> Changes in ownership, sales transactions, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/selling-property-lower-than-circle-rate\/\"><strong>the title deed sale price<\/strong><\/a> <strong>and other legal transactions<\/strong> registered in the land registry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2_Why_Is_the_Land_Registry_Record_Legally_Important_in_Turkey\">2. Why Is the Land Registry Record Legally Important in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under the Turkish Civil Code, ownership of immovable property is, as a rule, acquired by registration in the land registry (Article 705 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> The land registry record is therefore not only evidence of ownership but also a basic condition for property transactions to become legally effective. When conducting a property search in Turkey or a deed search in Turkey, the land registry plays a crucial role because <strong>transactions based on the land registry record are considered valid against third parties.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Principle of Publicity:<\/strong> The land registry in Turkey is <strong>public<\/strong>; anyone who shows a credible interest may ask <strong>to inspect the relevant page of the register or obtain a copy<\/strong> <strong>(Article 1020 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> No one can claim to be unaware of the entries in the land registry.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Principle of Reliance:<\/strong> A person who acquires ownership or another real right <strong>in good faith by relying on<\/strong> an entry in the land registry is protected <strong>(Article 1023 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> This protection does not work in the same way for entries in the declarations column.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Information Shown:<\/strong> The information recorded in the land registry shows <strong>who the owner of the property is, whether there are any real rights, debts, or mortgages on the property.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>These features allow parties to clearly see their legal positions in transactions related to the immovable property.<\/strong> After a title deed transfer in Turkey, the land registry record shows the new owner; <strong>the former owner appears only in the record history (previous owners section)<\/strong> and has no right over the property.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"What_Do_Annotation_and_Declaration_Mean_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">What Do Annotation and Declaration Mean on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, an annotation (\u015ferh) enters personal rights, restrictions on the right of disposal and provisional registrations in the land register so that they can be enforced against third parties who later acquire rights, while a declaration (beyan) records a legal or factual situation concerning the property for information purposes.<\/strong> Annotations and declarations in the property record in Turkey are entries added to the record to announce rights, obligations, or other important situations concerning the immovable property <strong>to third parties.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_What_Is_an_Annotation_Serh_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">1. What Is an Annotation (\u015eerh) on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>An annotation in the property record in Turkey is an official entry added to the land registry record that indicates the legal status of the property or a right or restriction imposed on it.<\/strong> Annotations are made to announce a situation regarding a right on the property and <strong>affect future transactions related to the property.<\/strong> What is commonly called <strong>&#8220;placing an annotation on the title deed&#8221;<\/strong> in Turkey is legally described as <strong>entering an annotation (\u015ferh verilmesi)<\/strong> in the land register.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Turkish Civil Code groups the entries that may be annotated in the land register in three categories:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Annotation of Personal Rights (Article 1009 of the Turkish Civil Code):<\/strong> <strong>Personal rights such as pre-emption, repurchase, purchase rights, promises to sell and lease agreements may be annotated in the land register where the law expressly allows it.<\/strong> Once annotated, these rights can be enforced <strong>against anyone who later acquires rights over the property.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Restrictions on the Right of Disposal (Article 1010 of the Turkish Civil Code):<\/strong> <strong>Court injunctions<\/strong> issued to protect disputed rights, <strong>seizures, bankruptcy and concordat records, and restrictions provided by law such as the family home annotation fall within this group.<\/strong> An annotated restriction is effective against those who later acquire rights over the property.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Provisional Registration (Article 1011 of the Turkish Civil Code):<\/strong> To secure a claimed real right, a <strong>provisional registration<\/strong> may be annotated with the consent of the parties concerned or by court decision. <strong>If the right is later confirmed, its effect starts from the date of the annotation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Is_a_Declaration_Beyan_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">2. What Is a Declaration (Beyan) on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A declaration in the property record in Turkey is an entry made in the declarations column of the land register to notify third parties of a legal or factual situation concerning the property, regardless of whether it has legal consequences of its own.<\/strong> Declarations are entered at the request of the owner or the parties concerned, or upon notification by the authorities where the law so provides. <strong>Declarations in the land registry in Turkey are more explanatory than constitutive.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Situations such as the management plan, common areas in condominium ownership, fixtures belonging to others (muhdesat), certain public-law restrictions and statutory mortgage rights are shown in the declarations column.<\/strong> Under Turkish law, a declaration does not as a rule prevent the sale of the property;<strong> however, the statutory provision on which it is based may limit the use or value of the property.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_What_Is_the_Difference_Between_an_Annotation_and_a_Declaration_in_Turkey\">3. What Is the Difference Between an Annotation and a Declaration in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The main difference under Turkish law is that an annotation makes the recorded right or restriction enforceable against third parties who later acquire rights, whereas a declaration only shows an existing situation for information purposes.<\/strong> Annotations often directly affect the possibility of disposing of the property, while declarations usually do not prevent its sale. The table below compares the two records:<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\udccb DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ANNOTATIONS AND DECLARATIONS IN THE LAND REGISTRY IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 680px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4; color: #333;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccc Criterion<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udd12 Annotation (\u015ferh)<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udcdd Declaration (beyan)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Nature<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Makes a personal right or restriction effective against third parties<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Explanatory; reports an existing situation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Legal basis<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Articles 1009, 1010, 1011 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Situations for which the law provides a declaration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Lease, promise to sell, pre-emption, seizure, injunction, family home<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Management plan, fixtures, parking, change of type<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Effect on sale<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">May prevent the sale or pass to the buyer, depending on type<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">As a rule, no obstacle to sale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Removal<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Request of the beneficiary, expiry, court or authority letter<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">End of the underlying situation, letter from the authority<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"4_What_Does_Other_Declarations_Are_Being_Established_Mean_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">4. What Does &#8220;Other Declarations Are Being Established&#8221; Mean on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the notice &#8220;other declarations are being established&#8221; (di\u011fer beyanlar\u0131n tesisi i\u015flemi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r) means that a procedure has been started at the land registry office to enter a new declaration in the property record.<\/strong> This notice is usually sent to the owner through <strong>Web Tapu or e-Devlet<\/strong>, and <strong>the type of procedure (management plan, notification by a public authority, no-transaction declaration, etc.)<\/strong> is not specified. If the owner believes that a declaration procedure has been started without their knowledge, <strong>its content should be obtained from the relevant land registry office.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Similarly, the notice that <strong>&#8220;a sale-offer annotation is being established&#8221; (sat\u0131\u015fa arz \u015ferhinin tesisi i\u015flemi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r)<\/strong> shows that <strong>an annotation recording the start of enforcement proceedings for the foreclosure of a mortgage on the property is being entered in the property record in Turkey (Article 150\/c of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law).<\/strong> Because in these proceedings the enforcement office begins preparations for the sale upon the creditor&#8217;s request, <strong>the owner should examine the enforcement file immediately and assess the options for objection or payment.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"5_What_Is_a_No-Transaction_Declaration_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">5. What Is a No-Transaction Declaration on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A no-transaction declaration (i\u015flem yap\u0131lmaz beyan\u0131) is a security declaration that the owner in Turkey establishes on their own property through Web Tapu, without going to the land registry office, so that no transaction is carried out on the property without their knowledge.<\/strong> The Turkish General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre describes this facility as <strong>a measure against fraud attempts<\/strong>; popularly known as a <strong>&#8220;title deed lock&#8221; (tapu kilidi)<\/strong>, it <strong>provides additional protection against unauthorised sales and transfers attempted with forged identity documents or powers of attorney.<\/strong> Since the owner can <strong>remove the declaration themselves<\/strong> through Web Tapu, <strong>it does not make the property permanently unsaleable; when the owner wishes to carry out a transaction, they first remove the declaration.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"What_Does_SBI_Var_Mean_in_the_Land_Registry_Record_in_Turkey\">What Does &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 Var&#8221; Mean in the Land Registry Record in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>The phrase &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var&#8221; in the land registry record of a property in Turkey indicates the presence of an annotation (\u015ferh), a declaration (beyan) or an easement right (irtifak) registered on the title deed.<\/strong> This notation signifies that there are <strong>certain legal limitations, explanatory notes, or rights granted to third parties<\/strong> concerning the property. If any restrictive or informative entry such as an <strong>annotation, declaration or easement<\/strong> exists on the property, it is marked as <strong>&#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var&#8221;<\/strong> in the land registry.<\/p>\n<p><strong>If the land registry record contains the notation &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var&#8221;<\/strong>, the contents of these annotations, declarations, and easement records must be thoroughly examined before carrying out any transaction regarding the property. <strong>These records can directly affect transactions such as sale, lease, or mortgage.<\/strong> Especially prior to purchasing a property in Turkey, it is crucial for the buyer to investigate what consequences the existing entries may have in terms of <strong>the property&#8217;s usability and legal security<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Is_SBI_Var_a_Risk_for_a_Property_in_Turkey\">1. Is &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 Var&#8221; a Risk for a Property in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var&#8221; notation is not in itself a sign of risk; whether there is a risk depends on the type of annotation, declaration or easement recorded.<\/strong> <strong>In fact, certain annotations, declarations, and easement rights may significantly affect the nature and value of the property<\/strong>, <strong>and in some cases may even lead to the loss of the property.<\/strong> For example, an expropriation annotation, a construction ban declaration, or a right of way established in favor of another property <strong>may not only limit the owner&#8217;s right to dispose of the property but also decrease its market value.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>On the other hand, some annotation, declaration, or easement records can be removed from the Turkish land registry if certain conditions are met or upon application to the relevant authority.<\/strong> Therefore, it is of utmost importance to <strong>conduct a comprehensive land registry check<\/strong> and to legally evaluate the impact of such entries on the property before proceeding with any transaction. <strong>Otherwise, significant legal disputes and loss of rights may arise in the future, leading to serious grievances.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Do_SBI_Yok_and_Detailed_for_Active_Owners_%E2%80%93_SBI_Var_Mean_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">2. What Do &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 Yok&#8221; and &#8220;Detailed for Active Owners \u2013 \u015eB\u0130 Var&#8221; Mean on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>On a title deed record in Turkey, &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 yok&#8221; means that, as of the date displayed, there is no annotation, declaration or easement on the property. The phrases &#8220;detailed for active owners \u2013 \u015eB\u0130 var&#8221;<\/strong> or <strong>&#8220;detailed for the logged-in owner \u2013 \u015eB\u0130 var&#8221;<\/strong> indicate <strong>the type of land registry document<\/strong> obtained through e-Devlet or Web Tapu <strong>and that an annotation, declaration or easement exists<\/strong>. <strong>The expression &#8220;takyitlidir&#8221; means that the property is restricted by an annotation or another limitation.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>These phrases only show that an entry exists; to learn its content, the <strong>&#8220;Annotation\/Declaration\/Easement Information&#8221;<\/strong> section of the document must be read. For this reason, <strong>the most recent land registry copy obtained from the land registry office or Web Tapu should be carefully reviewed<\/strong>, and if necessary, assistance should be sought from a legal professional or real estate expert in Turkey. Otherwise, one may face <strong>legal conflicts and potential losses of rights<\/strong> later on.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\udccb NOTATIONS ON THE LAND REGISTRY RECORD AND THEIR MEANINGS IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 680px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4; color: #333;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udcc4 Notation on the record<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccc Meaning<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\u2696\ufe0f What to do<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>\u015eB\u0130 var<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">An annotation, declaration or easement exists<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Examine the type and content of the entry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>\u015eB\u0130 yok<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">No entry as of the document date<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Obtain an up-to-date record on the transaction day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Detailed for active owners \u2013 \u015eB\u0130 var<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Detailed record for the owner; restriction exists<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Read the annotation\/declaration\/easement section<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Takyitlidir<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">The property is restricted by an entry<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Investigate the legal basis of the restriction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Is_the_Effect_of_Annotations_and_Declarations_in_the_Land_Registry_on_Immovable_Property_in_Turkey\">What Is the Effect of Annotations and Declarations in the Land Registry on Immovable Property in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, annotations and declarations in the land registry allow the rights and obligations on a property to be monitored, and because of the legal consequences they have for third parties they affect the sale, use and value of the property.<\/strong> <strong>Ownership of property<\/strong> is subject to special regulation, and the importance of land registry records <strong>in determining the transfer and other legal conditions of ownership<\/strong> is significant. However, not only ownership information but also <strong>annotations and declarations in the land registry in Turkey<\/strong> have significant legal effects.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The presence of annotations and declarations in the land registry in Turkey<\/strong> determines the legal status of the property, and their effects can be grouped under four headings:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Effect on Third Parties:<\/strong> Rights and restrictions annotated in the land register in Turkey can be enforced not only against the owner but also <strong>against third parties who later acquire rights over the property.<\/strong> Under the Turkish Civil Code, <strong>an annotated lease,<\/strong> pre-emption right or promise to sell also binds the person who later buys the property.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Determination of Legal Status of the Property:<\/strong> Annotation, declaration and easement records help determine <strong>the rights and obligations over the property<\/strong> in Turkey. For example, if an easement right exists on the property, this right is announced by <strong>registration in the easements column of the land register<\/strong>, so that anyone acquiring the property becomes aware of it. Similarly, <strong>a lease agreement annotated in the land registry<\/strong> secures <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenants-rights-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the legal rights of the tenant in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0and protects them against third parties.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Providing Legal Security:<\/strong> Annotations and declarations <strong>publicly announce the existing conditions of the property in Turkey without any uncertainty.<\/strong> For example, <strong>if an owner sells a property with a lien annotation in the land registry<\/strong>, the buyer becomes aware of the lien through the record and may avoid transactions involving the encumbered property.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impact on the Use of the Property:<\/strong> Declarations show an existing situation of the property <strong>for information purposes<\/strong>; <strong>under Turkish law their binding effect derives not from the declaration itself but from the statutory provision or contract on which it is based.<\/strong> For example, in condominium ownership the management plan is shown in the declarations column and regulates how the unit owners may use the property.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>These annotations and declarations in the land registry in Turkey<\/strong> enable transactions related to the property to be carried out securely and transparently. In this context, <strong>accurate and up-to-date registration of annotations and declarations<\/strong> is of critical importance for preventing potential <strong>legal disputes related to immovable properties and protecting the rights of parties<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"How_to_Check_Annotations_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">How to Check Annotations on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, title deed verification, that is, checking whether a title deed carries an annotation, is carried out through the land registry document obtained via e-Devlet and Web Tapu or through an encumbrance record (takyidatl\u0131 tapu kayd\u0131) obtained from the land registry office.<\/strong> The paper title deed (tapu senedi) itself does not show annotations and declarations entered after its issue date and is therefore not sufficient on its own. <strong>The only official source showing the current legal status is the record taken from the land registry on the day of the transaction.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_What_Is_a_Title_Deed_Encumbrance_Document_Takyidat_Belgesi_in_Turkey\">1. What Is a Title Deed Encumbrance Document (Takyidat Belgesi) in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A title deed encumbrance document in Turkey is the official land registry copy showing all restrictions and obligations recorded on a property, such as mortgages, seizures, annotations, declarations and easements.<\/strong> <strong>&#8220;Takyidat&#8221;<\/strong> means restrictions; in practice the document is also called a <strong>&#8220;takyidatl\u0131 tapu kayd\u0131&#8221;<\/strong> or a <strong>TAKB\u0130S (Land Registry and Cadastre Information System) printout<\/strong>. Banks require it for mortgage transactions, and buyers request it before a sale to see the legal status of the property.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Information in the Document:<\/strong> Block\/parcel and type of the property, owners and shares, liens (mortgages), annotations, declarations and easements, together with the dates and journal numbers of these entries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Who Can Obtain It:<\/strong> The owner, a representative authorised by the owner and legal representatives can obtain it directly; other persons with a credible interest may apply to the land registry office for a copy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"2_How_to_Obtain_a_Land_Registry_Record_Through_e-Devlet_and_Web_Tapu_in_Turkey\">2. How to Obtain a Land Registry Record Through e-Devlet and Web Tapu in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the owner can log in to the Web Tapu system with an e-Devlet password, select the property from the &#8220;My Properties&#8221; menu and generate the land registry document electronically.<\/strong> The <strong>&#8220;Land Registry Information Inquiry&#8221;<\/strong> service on e-Devlet shows the properties registered in the person&#8217;s name and the <strong>&#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var\/yok&#8221;<\/strong> information on them. A wet-signed record can be obtained by applying in person to any land registry office.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Login:<\/strong> Log in to Web Tapu (webtapu.tkgm.gov.tr) with an e-Devlet password.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Selecting the Property:<\/strong> Select the property from the property list.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Generating the Document:<\/strong> Generate and download the land registry document, and examine its <strong>&#8220;Annotation\/Declaration\/Easement&#8221;<\/strong> and <strong>&#8220;Lien&#8221;<\/strong> sections.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"3_Can_You_Check_the_Title_Deed_of_Someone_Elses_Property_in_Turkey\">3. Can You Check the Title Deed of Someone Else&#8217;s Property in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Because the land registry in Turkey is public, anyone who shows a credible interest may ask the land registry office to inspect or obtain a copy of the record of a property belonging to someone else (Article 1020 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> However, under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/data-protection-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Personal Data Protection in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> considerations, e-Devlet and Web Tapu show <strong>the detailed record only to the owner and to persons to whom the owner has granted inspection authority through Web Tapu<\/strong>. The safest way for a prospective buyer to see the record is therefore to ask the seller for an up-to-date encumbrance record or to view it with the <strong>inspection authority<\/strong> the seller grants through Web Tapu.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\udccb METHODS OF ACCESSING LAND REGISTRY RECORDS IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 8px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.45; color: #333;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; padding: 0;\">\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 5px; padding: 12px 10px; background: #fff8f5; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 10px;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f e-Devlet<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 9px;\"><strong>\ud83d\udc64 Who can use it?<\/strong><br \/>\nOwner<\/div>\n<div><strong>\ud83d\udccc What does it show?<\/strong><br \/>\nList of properties, \u015eB\u0130 var\/yok information<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; padding: 0;\">\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 5px; padding: 12px 10px; background: #fff8f5; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 10px;\">\ud83d\udcbb Web Tapu<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 9px;\"><strong>\ud83d\udc64 Who can use it?<\/strong><br \/>\nOwner, authorised person<\/div>\n<div><strong>\ud83d\udccc What does it show?<\/strong><br \/>\nDetailed annotations, declarations, easements and liens<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; padding: 0;\">\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 5px; padding: 12px 10px; background: #fff8f5; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 10px;\">\ud83c\udfe2 Land Registry Office<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 9px;\"><strong>\ud83d\udc64 Who can use it?<\/strong><br \/>\nOwner, representative, person with a credible interest<\/div>\n<div><strong>\ud83d\udccc What does it show?<\/strong><br \/>\nWet-signed up-to-date encumbrance record<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"How_to_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey_and_Who_Can_Do_It\">How to Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey and Who Can Do It?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an annotation is placed on a title deed by the holder of the right applying to the land registry office with the supporting document, by a court or enforcement office sending a letter (m\u00fczekkere) to the land registry office, or, for promise to sell agreements drawn up before a notary, by the notary entering the annotation through the land registry information system.<\/strong> An owner cannot have an annotation placed on any matter they wish; under Turkish law an annotation can only be entered for <strong>rights and restrictions that the law allows to be annotated<\/strong>. The route to be followed depends on the type of annotation.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Who_Can_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">1. Who Can Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, an annotation may be placed by the holder of a right that the law allows to be annotated, by the owner of the property subject to that right, or by the competent authority imposing the restriction.<\/strong> The applicant must have a valid basis showing the right to be annotated:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Persons Holding Contractual Rights:<\/strong> The tenant, the beneficiary of a promise to sell, and the holder of a pre-emption, purchase or repurchase right apply with the underlying contract and the clause on annotation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Non-Owner Spouse:<\/strong> May request the family home annotation alone, without the consent of the owner spouse.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Courts and Enforcement Offices:<\/strong> Interim injunction, provisional seizure, seizure and bankruptcy entries are made upon a letter from the court or the enforcement office.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Authorities and Public Institutions:<\/strong> Entries such as expropriation, seizure of public receivables, municipal participation fees and protected areas are made upon notification by the relevant authority.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, heirs cannot have an annotation placed on property belonging to a living parent (popularly called &#8220;placing an annotation on the father&#8217;s property&#8221;).<\/strong> Because an interim injunction can only be granted to protect a right in dispute (Article 389 of the Code of Civil Procedure), <strong>an heir cannot, as a rule, prevent a sale by injunction merely on suspicion that assets are being disposed of while the parent is alive;<\/strong> under Turkish inheritance law, the heirs&#8217; rights of action against transfers made during the parent&#8217;s lifetime can only be exercised <strong>once the estate has opened.<\/strong> <strong>A spouse who wishes to secure, during divorce proceedings, a claim arising from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/marriage-contract-in-turkey\/\">liquidation of the matrimonial property regime<\/a> may, however, ask the court for an interim injunction for that disputed claim.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Documents_Are_Required_to_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">2. What Documents Are Required to Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>To place an annotation on a title deed in Turkey, the applicant submits an identity document and the document showing the basis of the right to be annotated to the land registry office.<\/strong> The supporting document varies by type of annotation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lease Annotation:<\/strong> The lease agreement and the parties&#8217; request for the agreement to be annotated in the land registry.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promise-to-Sell Annotation:<\/strong> A promise to sell agreement drawn up before a notary in official form.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Family Home Annotation:<\/strong> A civil registry record showing the marriage and a residence certificate showing that the property is used as the family home.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Injunction and Seizure Annotations:<\/strong> The letter sent to the land registry office by the court or enforcement office.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Application Through a Representative:<\/strong> A notarised power of attorney if the transaction is carried out through a representative.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For a lease annotation in Turkey, it matters who makes the application. The <strong>Turkish Court of Cassation (Yarg\u0131tay) 3rd Civil Chamber, in its decision Docket No. 2017\/5478, Decision No. 2019\/81, dated 15.01.2019<\/strong>, held that, even if the contract provides for annotation, for the tenant to request the annotation alone without the owner&#8217;s application <strong>the lease agreement must have been drawn up by a notary or its signatures certified by a notary<\/strong>, and that an annotation placed on the basis of an ordinary written agreement bearing only a certified-copy stamp must be cancelled. In the same decision, the Chamber stated that if the landlord fails to perform the annotation obligation, <strong>the tenant may file a lawsuit for its performance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Can_an_Annotation_Be_Placed_on_a_Title_Deed_via_e-Devlet_or_a_Notary_in_Turkey\">3. Can an Annotation Be Placed on a Title Deed via e-Devlet or a Notary in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a promise to sell agreement for real property drawn up before a notary may be annotated in the land registry directly by the notary through the land registry information system, if one of the parties requests it and pays the fee and costs (Article 60\/3 of the Notaries Law).<\/strong> <strong>Construction-for-land-share agreements<\/strong> drawn up before a notary are also annotated in the land registry at the request of one of the parties <strong>(Article 26 of the Land Registry Law)<\/strong>, while for the annotation of a lease agreement an application is made to the land registry office. Through Turkey&#8217;s Web Tapu system, <strong>applications for land registry transactions can be made electronically<\/strong> and the required documents submitted; the <strong>no-transaction declaration<\/strong>, on the other hand, <strong>is established and removed by the owner directly via Web Tapu without going to the land registry office.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_How_to_Place_and_Remove_a_Family_Home_Annotation_in_Turkey\">4. How to Place and Remove a Family Home Annotation in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the family home annotation is placed when the non-owner spouse applies to the land registry office with documents showing the marriage and that the property is used as the family home, without the consent of the owner spouse (Article 194 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> Once the annotation is placed, <strong>the owner spouse cannot transfer the family home or restrict rights over it without the express consent of the other spouse.<\/strong> For the annotation, the land registry office requires <strong>a civil registry record showing the marriage and a residence certificate<\/strong>; because the family union ends with divorce, <strong>a family home annotation cannot be placed after divorce<\/strong>. If the owner spouse wishes to transfer the family home but cannot obtain the other spouse&#8217;s consent, or consent is refused without just cause, the owner spouse may <strong>ask <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/\">the family court<\/a> to intervene (Article 194\/2 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fee:<\/strong> The <strong>fee and revolving fund charge<\/strong> for a family home annotation in Turkey should be confirmed with the land registry office before the transaction.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Removal: Removal of the annotation may be requested upon <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/guide-to-divorce-in-turkey\/\">finalisation of the divorce decision in Turkey<\/a>, the death of one of the spouses, the property losing its family home character, or at the request of the beneficiary spouse;<\/strong> in case of dispute, a court decision is required.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"5_How_to_Place_an_Unsaleable_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">5. How to Place an &#8220;Unsaleable&#8221; Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an &#8220;unsaleable&#8221; (sat\u0131lamaz) annotation can only be placed by an interim injunction issued by a court or in special cases provided by law; neither the owner nor a third party can place a sale-ban annotation on the property at will.<\/strong> A person who files a lawsuit concerning ownership of the property or a right over it may ask the court for an interim injunction in the nature of a <strong>&#8220;ban on transfer and disposal&#8221;<\/strong> to prevent the property from being transferred during the proceedings. <strong>If the court grants the request, the injunction is notified to the land registry office by letter and annotated on the record.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the owner wishes to protect their own property against unauthorised transactions in Turkey, the route available is not an unsaleable annotation but <strong>the no-transaction declaration established through Web Tapu<\/strong>. Since the owner can remove this declaration themselves through Web Tapu, <strong>it does not permanently prevent a sale made by the owner.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"6_How_Much_Does_It_Cost_to_Place_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">6. How Much Does It Cost to Place an Annotation on a Title Deed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The cost of placing an annotation on a title deed in Turkey consists of the land registry fee charged under tariff (4) annexed to the Fees Law, depending on the type of annotation, and the revolving fund fee of the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre.<\/strong> For annotations involving a price, such as a lease agreement, the fee is calculated <strong>proportionally<\/strong> on the contract amount, while for some annotations it is <strong>a fixed amount<\/strong>. Because fee and revolving fund amounts are redetermined every year, <strong>the current amount should be obtained from the land registry office or the fee calculation screen on Web Tapu before the transaction.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gayrimenkul-avukati-scaled-e1735594603194.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-3183\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/gayrimenkul-avukati-800x178.jpg\" alt=\"title deed search in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"178\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"How_Long_Is_an_Annotation_on_a_Title_Deed_Valid_in_Turkey\">How Long Is an Annotation on a Title Deed Valid in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the validity period of an annotation depends on its type and legal basis; annotations with a statutory time limit lapse when the period expires, while annotations such as seizures and injunctions remain on the record until removed.<\/strong> Even if an expired annotation loses its legal effect, land registry offices in Turkey do not always delete such annotations on their own, so <strong>their removal should be secured before a sale.<\/strong> The periods of the main annotations are shown in the table below:<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\u23f3 PERIODS OF TITLE DEED ANNOTATIONS AND WHAT HAPPENS ON EXPIRY IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 700px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4; color: #333;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udd12 Annotation<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\u23f3 Period<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccc When it expires<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Promise-to-sell and land-share-for-construction contract annotation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>5 years<\/strong> from the annotation date<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Removed ex officio by the land registry office if no sale is made within this period<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Repurchase (redemption) right annotation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Maximum <strong>10 years<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">The annotation lapses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Purchase right annotation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Maximum <strong>10 years<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">The annotation lapses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Lease annotation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">The annotated lease term<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Removal may be requested<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Expropriation annotation (Article 7 of Law No. 2942)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">If no court document on the valuation and registration lawsuit is submitted within 6 months of the annotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Deleted ex officio by the land registry office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Citizenship (3-year no-sale) annotation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>3 years<\/strong> from acquisition<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">The sale restriction ends<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Seizure, interim injunction, family home<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Indefinite<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Removed by letter of the competent authority or request of the beneficiary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Is_It_Possible_to_Sell_a_Property_With_Deed_Restrictions_or_Encumbrances_in_Turkey\">Is It Possible to Sell a Property With Deed Restrictions or Encumbrances in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a property with an annotation can as a rule be sold; however, depending on the nature of the annotation, the sale may be completely prevented, made subject to the permission of an institution or person, or the obligation arising from the annotation may pass to the buyer.<\/strong> Therefore, a title search in Turkey is essential during <strong>the sale or transfer process of an immovable property with deed restrictions<\/strong> in the land registry. <strong>Deed restrictions in the land registry in Turkey<\/strong> indicate rights granted to third parties over the property or certain obligations imposed on the property owner.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Depending on the nature of the deed restrictions and encumbrances on real estate in Turkey, the sale of the property may be affected in four different ways:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Encumbrances That Constitute a Definite Obstacle to Sale:<\/strong> Some annotations completely prevent the sale of the property. For example, <strong>an interim injunction in the nature of a ban on transfer and disposal (&#8220;unsaleable&#8221;)<\/strong> imposed by a court decision, <strong>a bankruptcy annotation and a foundation annotation whose concession fee has not been paid<\/strong> make it legally impossible to transfer the property until they are removed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Situations Requiring Permission for Sale:<\/strong> Certain annotations require <strong>approval from specific institutions or persons<\/strong> for the sale of the property. For instance, the sale of a property located within an Organized Industrial Zone is subject to the <strong>approval of the relevant OIZ<\/strong>, and the sale of a property with a family home annotation is subject to the <strong>express consent of the non-owner spouse<\/strong>. Similarly, in cases such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/stolen-inheritance-and-fraudulent-conveyance\/\"><strong>collusion by the deceased concerning inherited immovable properties<\/strong><\/a>, <strong>the sale or transfer among heirs may be subject to specific legal procedures under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/inheritance-law-in-turkey\/\">Turkish Inheritance Law<\/a>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Encumbrances That Do Not Directly Prevent Sale but Affect the Property&#8217;s Value:<\/strong> Some deed restrictions, while not directly preventing the sale, <strong>may reduce the value of the property or pose certain risks for the buyer.<\/strong> For example, an <strong>urban planning annotation<\/strong> recorded in the land registry due to a zoning plan change may result in a reduction in the property&#8217;s area; <strong>this requires the buyer to assess whether the property is suitable for its intended use.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Annotations That May Cause Legal Issues After Sale:<\/strong> Records such as mortgages or liens do not directly prevent the sale of the property; however, <strong>the buyer may face legal and financial obligations arising from them.<\/strong> For example, if a mortgaged property is purchased and <strong>the debt secured by the mortgage is not paid, the creditor may request a forced sale of the property.<\/strong> Similarly, while it is possible to transfer a property with a lien annotation, <strong>if the debt is not settled, the property may be sold through enforcement proceedings.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>The sale of immovable properties with deed restrictions and encumbrances in Turkey is possible; however, some annotations completely prevent the transfer, while others make the sale subject to the approval of certain institutions or affect the property&#8217;s value.<\/strong> The table below summarises the checks to be made before a sale, by group of annotation:<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83c\udfe0 EFFECT OF ANNOTATIONS ON SALE IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 680px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4; color: #333;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccb Annotation group<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udd0e Examples<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83c\udfe0 Effect on sale<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>\ud83d\udeab Definite obstacle<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Transfer ban injunction, bankruptcy, unpaid foundation annotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>No sale until the annotation is removed<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>\u26a0\ufe0f Subject to permission<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Family home, OIZ, seizure of public receivables, concordat<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Can be sold with the consent of the spouse, institution or court<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>\ud83d\udcc9 Affecting value<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Zoning, expropriation, risky building, easement<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Can be sold; risk of loss of value<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>\ud83d\udccc Burden passing to buyer<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Mortgage, lien, lease, usufruct, pre-emption<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3;\">Can be sold; the burden binds the buyer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Is_It_Possible_to_Remove_Deed_Restrictions_on_Property_in_Turkey\">Is It Possible to Remove Deed Restrictions on Property in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, annotations and declarations can be removed (cancelled) from the land registry upon expiry of their term, at the request of the beneficiary, by court decision or by letter of the relevant authority, depending on their nature and legal basis.<\/strong> <strong>Annotations and declarations in the land registry<\/strong> <strong>can be permanent, temporary, or explanatory depending on their legal nature.<\/strong> Such transactions are <strong>carried out within the framework of the relevant legislation<\/strong> and require an application to the land registry office.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_How_Are_Different_Types_of_Annotations_Removed_in_Turkey\">1. How Are Different Types of Annotations Removed in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The removal of annotations and declarations in the land registry in Turkey depends on the nature of the annotation and its legal basis:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Annotations That Can Be Removed Upon Expiry or at the Request of the Beneficiary:<\/strong> Annotations placed for a specific period <strong>lapse when that period ends and can be removed.<\/strong> For example, a <strong>lease agreement<\/strong> annotated in the land registry <strong>can be removed when its term expires<\/strong> or <strong>deleted by the land registry office at the request of the tenant who benefits from the annotation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Deed Restrictions That Can Be Removed by Court or Administrative Decision:<\/strong> <strong>Entries such as interim injunctions, seizures and seizures of public receivables<\/strong> can only be removed <strong>by a cancellation letter from the court, enforcement office or authority that imposed them.<\/strong> <strong>Declarations related to a change in the type of a property can only be modified with official documents obtained from the municipality or cadastre office.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Explanatory Annotations and Declarations:<\/strong> <strong>Explanatory records, placed to indicate the legal status of the property, cannot be removed unless there is a change in that status.<\/strong> For example, <strong>zoning-related records<\/strong> remain in the land registry unless removed by the municipality or relevant administrative authorities. <strong>Easement rights<\/strong> are removed when the easement right ends or with the consent of the right holder; where the easement has lost all benefit for the dominant property, the owner of the burdened property may also <strong>request its cancellation<\/strong> <strong>(Article 785 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"2_Process_for_Removing_Deed_Restriction_in_the_Property_Record_in_Turkey\">2. Process for Removing Deed Restriction in the Property Record in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, removing an annotation or declaration is completed by applying to the land registry office with the supporting documents and the office carrying out the cancellation after its review.<\/strong> The basic steps to follow for removing deed restrictions in the land registry in Turkey are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Preparation of Required Documents:<\/strong> Depending on the nature of the annotation, documents such as a court decision, <strong>official letters from the relevant administrative authority, or the beneficiary&#8217;s request for cancellation<\/strong> must be obtained.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Application to the Land Registry Office:<\/strong> The property owner or an authorized person <strong>must apply to the land registry office with the necessary documents.<\/strong> <strong>Cancellation letters<\/strong> from courts and enforcement offices <strong>are sent directly to the land registry office.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Official Review and Approval Process:<\/strong> The land registry office examines the submitted documents to determine <strong>whether the legal conditions for removing the annotation are met<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Deletion of the Deed Restriction from the Land Registry:<\/strong> If the conditions are met, <strong>the relevant annotation or declaration is officially cancelled from the land registry.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"3_Can_an_Annotation_Be_Removed_via_e-Devlet_in_Turkey\">3. Can an Annotation Be Removed via e-Devlet in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an application to remove an annotation can be made to the land registry office through Web Tapu; however, the cancellation itself is carried out by the land registry office after the document or letter required by the basis of the annotation is submitted.<\/strong> Entries established by the owner, such as the no-transaction declaration, can be removed directly through Web Tapu. Seizure or injunction annotations, however, are deleted only upon <strong>a cancellation letter sent by the enforcement office or court that placed them<\/strong>; this letter is usually sent after the debt is paid or the lawsuit is concluded.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_When_Is_a_Lawsuit_Filed_to_Remove_an_Annotation_in_Turkey\">4. When Is a Lawsuit Filed to Remove an Annotation in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, if an entry was made in the land registry without a valid legal ground (unlawfully), the owner whose right is thereby infringed may sue for rectification of the land registry (Article 1025 of the Turkish Civil Code); annotations whose basis has ended but which the beneficiary refuses to have removed are also cancelled by court decision.<\/strong> In practice, these lawsuits mainly concern promise-to-sell or repurchase annotations that have expired but have not been removed, and family home and lease annotations whose basis has ceased to exist. In lawsuits concerning a real right over immovable property, <strong>the court where the property is located has exclusive jurisdiction<\/strong> <strong>(Article 12 of the Code of Civil Procedure); the final decision is notified to the land registry office so that the annotation is cancelled.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\uddc2\ufe0f REMOVAL OF ANNOTATIONS FROM THE LAND REGISTRY IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 620px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccb Entry<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udcdd Removal route<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\u2696\ufe0f Competent authority<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83c\udfe0 Lease, promise-to-sell, pre-emption annotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Expiry or request of the beneficiary<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Land registry office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83d\udcb0 Seizure, provisional seizure<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Payment of the debt, cancellation letter<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Enforcement office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\u26a0\ufe0f Interim injunction<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Lifting of the injunction<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Seizure of public receivables<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Payment of the public receivable<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Tax office \/ Social Security Institution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udc69\u200d\ud83d\udc67 Family home annotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Request of the beneficiary spouse, divorce, court decision<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Land registry office \/ court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\u274c Unlawful or expired annotation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Cancellation lawsuit<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>The removal of deed restrictions and encumbrances in the land registry in Turkey depends on the type of annotation and its legal basis.<\/strong> Therefore, during the process of buying or selling properties with annotations, <strong>it is crucial to thoroughly examine the property records in Turkey with a title search <\/strong>and ensure that necessary official procedures are carried out in a timely manner.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3189 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-search-1-800x285.jpg\" alt=\"property record in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"285\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"The_Importance_of_Title_Search_in_Turkey_Before_Purchasing_Real_Estate\">The Importance of Title Search in Turkey Before Purchasing Real Estate<\/h2>\n<p><strong>A title search in Turkey before purchasing real estate reveals the ownership status of the property, the rights, restrictions and other legal obligations on it, and allows the buyer to see potential risks before the sale.<\/strong> One of the most critical steps when <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/buying-property-in-turkey\/\">purchasing real estate in Turkey<\/a><\/strong> is conducting <strong>a title deed search in Turkey<\/strong>. <strong>The land registry review in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>allows the buyer to make an informed investment.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Why_Is_a_Land_Registry_Review_Important_in_Turkey\">1. Why Is a Land Registry Review Important in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A land registry review in Turkey is necessary to identify records restricting the sale or ownership, to protect against fraud and to verify that the actual features of the property match the land registry record.<\/strong> These three reasons are explained separately below.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"a_Identifying_Factors_That_Restrict_Ownership_or_Sale_Under_Turkish_Law\">a) Identifying Factors That Restrict Ownership or Sale Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Property search in Turkey helps identify any annotations or declarations that restrict ownership rights or prevent the sale of the property.<\/strong> Such deed restrictions can limit the buyer&#8217;s rights to the property or reduce its value. <strong>They may even lead to the buyer losing the property after the purchase.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"b_Protection_Against_Fraud_through_Deed_Search_in_Turkey\">b) Protection Against Fraud through Deed Search in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>A land registry review in Turkey is critical to confirm whether the property actually belongs to the seller and whether there are any other rightful owners.<\/strong> Unfortunately, <strong>cases of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/fraud-crime-in-turkey\/\">fraud<\/a><\/strong> where individuals without ownership rights attempt to sell properties do occur. <strong>Checking the land registry<\/strong> ensures that the seller is indeed the rightful owner, providing legal protection for buyers.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"c_Verification_of_Land_Registry_Information_through_a_Property_Search_in_Turkey\">c) Verification of Land Registry Information through a Property Search in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>The buyer should also verify through a title search in Turkey that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/property-types-and-zoning-turkey\/\">the features of the property<\/a>\u2014such as its size, intended use, and zoning status\u2014match the information in the land registry.<\/strong> For example, discrepancies between the property&#8217;s actual size and the registered size can arise. <strong>A zoning annotation on the land registry<\/strong> could indicate changes in the property&#8217;s intended use (e.g., a plot of agricultural land being converted into a residential area due to zoning plans). It is also essential to check the building registration status, such as <strong>condominium easement or condominium ownership<\/strong>; <strong>these checks help clarify exactly what the buyer is acquiring for the price paid.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_How_to_Conduct_a_Title_Deed_Search_in_Turkey\">2. How to Conduct a Title Deed Search in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A title deed search in Turkey is carried out by obtaining the current land registry record, examining annotations and declarations, verifying the zoning and usage status with the relevant authority and, where necessary, obtaining legal advice.<\/strong> The following steps should be followed:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Obtain the Current Land Registry Record:<\/strong> The property owner or an authorized person should <strong>obtain the current encumbrance record of the property<\/strong> through Web Tapu or by applying to the relevant land registry office.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Check for Deed Restrictions in the Land Registry:<\/strong> Carefully examine whether there are any restrictions such as <strong>liens, mortgages, easement rights, or pre-emption rights<\/strong> on the property.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Verify Zoning and Usage Status with the Relevant Municipality and Institutions:<\/strong> After examining the land registry, apply to the relevant municipality to check the <strong>zoning status, building registration certificate, occupancy permit and permit information<\/strong> of the property. If the property is classified as agricultural land, consult <strong>the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, or other relevant institutions<\/strong> to determine whether it can be used for agricultural purposes or is open to development.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prepare the Necessary Documents and Seek Legal Advice:<\/strong> If there are legal uncertainties in the land registry, it is advisable to seek assistance from a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-lawyer-in-turkey\/\"><strong>real estate law attorney in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Although <strong>a property search in Turkey<\/strong> may require additional time and costs, it is crucial for the security of the investment and to prevent potential legal issues in the long term. <strong>Taking the right steps during the property purchasing process minimizes potential risks and ensures a safe investment for the buyer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83c\udfe0 LEGAL CHECKS BEFORE BUYING PROPERTY IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 620px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccb Step<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Authority<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udd0e What is checked<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83d\udcc4 Current land registry record<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Web Tapu \/ land registry office<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Owner, shares, annotations, declarations, easements, liens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\u26a0\ufe0f Review of annotations and declarations<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Land registry record<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Seizure, mortgage, pre-emption, injunction, family home<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f Zoning and usage status<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Municipality, relevant ministry<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Zoning status, permits, occupancy, agricultural land status<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\u2696\ufe0f Legal assessment<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Real estate lawyer<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Effect of the records on sale and value<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Examples_of_the_Most_Common_Encumbrances_on_Real_Estate_and_Annotations_on_Property_in_Turkey\">Examples of the Most Common Encumbrances on Real Estate and Annotations on Property in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p><strong>The annotations and declarations most frequently found in land registry records in Turkey fall into four groups: entries that prevent the sale or make it subject to permission, entries indicating a risk of loss or demolition of the property, limited real and personal rights that pass to the buyer, and informative declarations.<\/strong> The explanations below serve as guidance. <strong>However, each property is unique, and annotations on property and encumbrances on real estate in Turkey should be evaluated by an expert lawyer based on the specific features of the property; a property with deed restrictions should not be bought without legal support.<\/strong> Otherwise, buyers may face problems that may result in the loss of the property.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Annotations_That_Prevent_the_Sale_or_Make_It_Subject_to_Permission_in_Turkey\">1. Annotations That Prevent the Sale or Make It Subject to Permission in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the annotations in this group legally prevent the transfer of the property unless they are removed or the necessary permission is obtained.<\/strong> A buyer should not purchase a property carrying these annotations before the annotation is cancelled or the permission document is obtained.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Ownership_Dispute_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Ownership Dispute Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>If there is an annotation in the land registry in Turkey indicating a &#8220;lawsuit concerning ownership,&#8221; it is inadvisable to purchase the property.<\/strong> The outcome of the lawsuit may result in changes to <strong>the <u>ownership<\/u>, the <u>size of the property<\/u>, or the <u>share ratios<\/u>.<\/strong> The outcome of the case also binds anyone who acquires the property after the annotation.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Sale_Offer_Annotation_Article_150c_of_the_Enforcement_and_Bankruptcy_Law\">Sale Offer Annotation (Article 150\/c of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law)<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the sale offer annotation shows that enforcement proceedings have been started for the foreclosure of a mortgage on the property; it is entered in the land registry upon notification by the enforcement officer (Article 150\/c of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law).<\/strong> The notice that <strong>&#8220;a sale-offer annotation is being established&#8221;<\/strong> also shows that this annotation is being entered. The annotation does not legally prevent the owner from transferring the property; however, <strong>no enforcement order or payment order is served on persons who acquire the property after the annotation date<\/strong>, and the foreclosure proceedings continue regardless of the new owner.<\/p>\n<p>A buyer of a property bearing a sale offer annotation in Turkey must therefore accept that the property may be sold through enforcement if the secured debt is not paid. <strong>Such a property should not be purchased until payment and cancellation of the mortgage have been agreed with the creditor and the annotation has been removed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Family_Home_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Family Home Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, if a house with a family home annotation is to be purchased, the express consent of the seller&#8217;s spouse must be obtained (Article 194 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> If an immovable property subject to a family home annotation is purchased without the consent of the spouse, it may be subject to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/title-deed-cancellation-and-registration-lawsuit\/\"><strong>title deed cancellation lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>. <strong>A property should not be purchased before the family home annotation is removed or the spouse&#8217;s consent is obtained.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The absence of an annotation does not protect the buyer in every case either. The <strong>Turkish Court of Cassation (Yarg\u0131tay) 2nd Civil Chamber, in its decision Docket No. 2010\/9123, Decision No. 2010\/12688, dated 24.06.2010<\/strong>, concerning a buyer who knew that the property was the family home and that the other spouse had not consented to the sale, held that <strong>even without a family home annotation on the title deed, the acquisition of a buyer who is not in good faith is not protected<\/strong>, and that the claims for cancellation of title, registration and placement of a family home annotation should have been accepted. <strong>For this reason, where the seller of a home in Turkey is married, obtaining the spouse&#8217;s express consent is the safe course even if no annotation appears on the title deed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Precautionary_Measure_Interim_Injunction_in_Turkey\">Precautionary Measure \/ Interim Injunction in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>If there is a precautionary measure (tedbir) annotated in the land registry in Turkey and the owner&#8217;s right to dispose of the property is restricted by it, selling the property is legally not possible.<\/strong> For example, during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/divorce-in-turkey\/\"><strong>a divorce case in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, an interim injunction may be imposed to prevent the sale of the property during the litigation process.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, <strong>precautionary or interim injunction annotations that do not restrict the owner&#8217;s right to dispose of the property<\/strong> are not a legal obstacle to sale under Turkish law. However, since they create a legal dispute over who will have priority over the ownership or value of the property, <strong>selling the property without removing the annotation is risky<\/strong>. For instance, the annotation of a decision connected with a claim such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/alimony-in-turkey\/\"><strong>accumulated alimony payments in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> that does not restrict the power of disposal may not prevent the sale; however, since an annotated restriction <strong>is also effective against anyone who later acquires rights over the property<\/strong> (Article 1010 of the Turkish Civil Code), the buyer acquires the property burdened with that entry.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Seizure_of_Public_Receivables_Under_Turkish_Law\">Seizure of Public Receivables Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Pursuant to Article 73 of the Law No. 6183 on the Procedure for the Collection of Public Receivables, if the seizure is imposed due to a public receivable or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tax-liability-responsibility-in-companies-in-turkey\/\">tax debt<\/a>, the immovable property cannot be transferred or any real right established on it in Turkey unless the seizure annotation is removed from the land registry.<\/strong> These transactions can only be carried out with the consent of the authority that imposed the seizure. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/legal-services\/tax-lawyer-in-turkey\/\">Removal of a seizure arising from tax debt in Turkey<\/a><\/strong> is requested from <strong>the collection office that imposed the seizure<\/strong>; unless that office lifts the seizure or consents to the transfer, the property cannot be transferred.<\/p>\n<p>A property that is subject to <strong>public lien<\/strong> (<strong>e.g., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/vat-in-turkey\/\">VAT debt<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/taxation-of-foreign-sourced-income-in-turkey\/\">foreign sourced income tax debt<\/a>, social security premium debt, etc.<\/strong>) cannot be sold in Turkey by the property owner <strong>to third parties without the consent of the public authority.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Bankruptcy_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Bankruptcy Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, bankruptcy is a collective enforcement method that ensures the satisfaction of all known creditors by converting all seizable assets of the debtor (bankrupt) into cash through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/debt-enforcement-in-turkey\/\">compulsory execution in Turkey<\/a>.<\/strong> <strong>With the opening of bankruptcy, all seizable assets of the debtor become part of the bankruptcy estate<\/strong>, and although the debtor&#8217;s ownership continues, <strong>the authority to dispose of these assets ends with the bankruptcy decision.<\/strong> Therefore, the debtor cannot dispose of movable and immovable properties by sale, exchange or donation, or encumber them with mortgages or other rights.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Once the bankruptcy is annotated in the Turkish land registry<\/strong>, the owner can no longer dispose of the property; therefore, <strong>it is not legally possible to purchase from the owner a property carrying a bankruptcy annotation.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Concordat_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Concordat Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, concordat is a restructuring method in which a debtor who is unable, or is at risk of being unable, to pay their debts reaches an agreement with their creditors under court supervision.<\/strong> A debtor wishing to benefit from the concordat provisions of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law applies to <strong>the competent commercial court of first instance<\/strong> together with a preliminary concordat project; where the debtor is a company, the preliminary project is prepared on the basis of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/corporate-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the company\u2019s operations<\/strong><\/a>. <strong>The moratorium granted by the court is annotated in the land registry by the land registry office, including the date and journal number.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>If a property carries a concordat annotation, the owner cannot transfer it or establish rights on it unless the court permits.<\/strong> Under Turkish law, from the moratorium decision, the debtor cannot, without court approval, <strong>establish mortgages, act as a guarantor, or carry out gratuitous dispositions, and cannot transfer or encumber their immovable property, movables important for the continuation of the business, or permanent business installations<\/strong> (Article 297\/2 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law). Any actions taken in violation of these restrictions are invalid.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Partition_Action_Sale_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Partition Action Sale Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>The partition sale annotation shows that the sale of the property at auction has been ordered following a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/partition-action-to-force-sale-of-property\/\">joint ownership dissolution lawsuit in Turkey<\/a>.<\/strong> The sale is carried out through the sales office on the basis of the court decision. Although a co-owner may legally transfer their share of a property bearing a partition sale annotation (Article 688 of the Turkish Civil Code), the sale decision also binds the transferee, so <strong>a person who wishes to acquire the whole property must take part in the auction<\/strong>. Under the provision added to Article 114 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law by Law No. 7589 of 16.7.2026, where <strong>all owners acquired the property through inheritance and no one other than the heirs holds ownership<\/strong>, the first auction in a partition sale is held only among the heir-owners; this procedure applies only once.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Estate_Lawsuit_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Estate Lawsuit Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the &#8220;estate lawsuit has been filed&#8221; annotation indicates that one of the heirs or interested parties has filed a lawsuit to determine and protect the deceased&#8217;s assets.<\/strong> The annotation informs third parties that a lawsuit concerning the property is pending until <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the estate determination process in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> is completed; because a person who acquires the property after the lawsuit may have to accept its outcome (Article 125 of the Code of Civil Procedure), <strong>purchasing the property before the annotation is removed is risky<\/strong>. If the court has also issued an interim injunction in the nature of a transfer ban, the property cannot be transferred.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Foundation_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Foundation Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Under the Foundations Law No. 5737 in Turkey, unless the full concession fee is paid to the foundation, dispositions on the real estate will not be registered by the land registry offices.<\/strong> The annotation in the registry means that <strong>the concession fee has not yet been paid<\/strong>. The concession fee is the price charged for releasing icareteyn and mukataa foundation properties to free disposal and is, as a rule, <strong>ten per cent of the property tax value on the transaction date (Articles 2 and 18 of the Foundations Law No. 5737); it is calculated on the sale price in partition or forced sales, and on the expropriation price in expropriations.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3-Year_No-Sale_Annotation_in_Turkey_Due_to_Turkish_Citizenship_Acquisition\">3-Year No-Sale Annotation in Turkey Due to Turkish Citizenship Acquisition<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the annotation &#8220;used for Turkish citizenship acquisition, cannot be sold for 3 years&#8221; indicates that the property has been acquired by a foreign investor for the purpose of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/turkish-citizenship\/\">obtaining Turkish citizenship through investment<\/a> and cannot be sold for 3 years.<\/strong> Under Law No. 5901 on Turkish Citizenship and the related regulation, the annotation shows that <strong>the transfer of the property to third parties is restricted in the land registry for 3 years from the acquisition date<\/strong>. A property acquired through investment may also serve as a basis for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/residence-permit-refusal-appeal-in-turkey\/\"><strong>residence permit<\/strong> <strong>procedures in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>; at the end of the 3 years, the sale restriction ends.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Municipality_Participation_Fee_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Municipality Participation Fee Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, if the contributions determined by the municipality for road, sewage and water facilities relating to the property have not been paid, a &#8220;municipality participation fee annotation&#8221; is entered into the title deed upon notification by the municipality.<\/strong> In the event of the sale, donation or exchange of the property, the land registry office informs the municipality so that the fee can be collected, and <strong>the transfer is not carried out until the <u>participation fee<\/u> is paid<\/strong>; instalments unpaid until then are collected in advance at the transfer <strong>(Article 93 of the Municipal Revenues Law No. 2464).<\/strong> If this annotation appears in a title search in Turkey, the outstanding participation fee should be clarified with the municipality before the purchase.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_Under_the_Turkish_Law_on_Organized_Industrial_Zones_OIZ\">Annotation Under the Turkish Law on Organized Industrial Zones (OIZ)<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, to prevent speculation by participants to whom land has been allocated or sold and to ensure that the declared industrial facilities are established within a reasonable period, the OIZ places a &#8220;right of repurchase&#8221; annotation on the title deeds of the parcels it sells.<\/strong> Under the law, title deeds are issued without a repurchase annotation to participants whose facilities have started production, and <strong>with a repurchase annotation to those whose facilities have not started production<\/strong> (Article 18 of Law No. 4562); once the participant starts production, removal of the annotation may be requested.<\/p>\n<p>Whether or not a repurchase annotation exists, the annotation <strong>&#8220;In the event of transfer of the immovable property to third parties, including sale through enforcement proceedings, obtaining approval from the OIZ is mandatory.&#8221;<\/strong> is placed under Turkish law on the title deeds of <strong>all properties within the OIZ boundaries that are not owned by the OIZ<\/strong> (Article 18 of Law No. 4562). In such cases, the commitments previously made by the former participant are deemed to have been accepted without change by the new purchaser.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_Under_the_Slum_Housing_Law_No_775\">Annotation Under the Slum Housing Law No. 775<\/h4>\n<p><strong>The legal basis for this annotation in Turkey is Article 34 of the Slum Housing Law No. 775, titled &#8220;Prevention of conduct contrary to the purpose of allocation&#8221;.<\/strong> Under this article, lands allocated by municipalities, buildings, and the immovable properties created by buildings on these lands, within 10 years from the date of allocation:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Cannot be transferred or assigned,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cannot be encumbered with pledges or other real rights,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cannot be the subject of a sales promise agreement,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cannot be subject to partition or sale for the purpose of ending joint ownership,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cannot be seized or occupied.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>However, subject to item (e), <strong>sales and transactions due to death, retirement, transfer of duty, or mortgages held by the Turkish Real Estate Credit Bank or other institutions providing housing loans<\/strong> are not bound by these restrictions. <strong>The annotation &#8220;restricted under Law No. 775&#8221; is placed on the land registry of the allocated properties<\/strong>; it means that the property cannot be transferred or assigned in any way for <strong>10 years<\/strong> from the allocation date, and <strong>no rights, including limited real rights, can be established on it<\/strong>. Under the same article, subject to the construction periods, <strong>all restrictions are lifted if the borrowing amounts are paid in full within twenty years.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Restriction_Annotation_Under_the_Settlement_Law_No_5543\">Restriction Annotation Under the Settlement Law No. 5543<\/h4>\n<p><strong>The Settlement Law No. 5543 in Turkey regulates the settlement of immigrants, nomads, those whose lands have been expropriated and settlement works for national security reasons, the conditions for regulating physical settlement in villages, and the rights and obligations of those who are settled.<\/strong> Under the law, governors and district governors are authorised to transfer the immovable properties granted.<\/p>\n<p>Immovable properties granted under this law cannot, from the transfer date, <strong>be sold, donated, pledged, made subject to a promise-of-sale annotation in the land registry, or seized in any way before the full debt is paid.<\/strong> This entry is made in the declarations section of the Turkish land registry, and the property cannot be transferred or encumbered with real rights until it is removed. <strong>Starting from the end of the fifth year after the transfer date, the entry is removed for those who have paid the full debt.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"No_Other_Public_Use_Without_the_Transferring_Administrations_Permission_Declaration_in_Turkey\">&#8220;No Other Public Use Without the Transferring Administration&#8217;s Permission&#8221; Declaration in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, real estate, resources or easement rights owned by public legal entities and institutions cannot be expropriated by another public legal entity or institution; their transfer from one administration to another is regulated in Article 30 of the Expropriation Law No. 2942.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A property, resource or easement right acquired under this article is deemed to have been expropriated from its owner and <strong>cannot be used for any other public purpose without the permission of the transferring administration.<\/strong> <strong>Otherwise, the transferring administration may take the property back under Article 23 of the Law. This condition is entered in the declarations section of the land registry in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Guardianship_Annotations_Restricting_Legal_Capacity_in_Turkey\">Guardianship Annotations Restricting Legal Capacity in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, guardianship annotations show court decisions restricting the owner&#8217;s legal capacity.<\/strong> When such a property is sold, <strong>the representative&#8217;s authority must be verified and it must be checked whether the guardianship authority&#8217;s permission has been obtained.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-scaled-e1735801379198.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3191 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-800x191.jpg\" alt=\"property record search in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-800x191.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-1024x245.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-100x24.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-90x21.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/title-searc-2-120x29.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Annotations_Indicating_a_Risk_of_Loss_or_Demolition_of_the_Property_in_Turkey\">2. Annotations Indicating a Risk of Loss or Demolition of the Property in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the annotations in this group do not legally prevent the sale but may lead to expropriation, registration in the name of the Treasury or demolition of the property.<\/strong> Properties carrying these entries should not be purchased without obtaining detailed information from the relevant authority.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Expropriation_Annotation_Article_7_of_Law_No_2942\">Expropriation Annotation (Article 7 of Law No. 2942)<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, expropriation is the acquisition of real estate by the administration through a unilateral act, regardless of the owner&#8217;s consent, by paying its value in cash where required by public interest.<\/strong> Article 7 of the Expropriation Law provides for <strong>the preparation of a scaled plan showing the boundary, surface area and other characteristics<\/strong> of the real estate to be expropriated or on which an easement will be established, and for the owners to be determined according to the land registry, or, if there is no land registry record, for the possessors to be identified and documented.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, after taking the expropriation decision the administration notifies the land registry office so that the expropriation is annotated in the land register, and an annotation relating to Article 7 is entered on the real estate.<\/strong> If the owner changes after this notification, the land registry office must inform the expropriating administration. If the administration does not submit to the land registry office, <strong>within six months of the annotation date<\/strong>, a court document showing that it has filed a lawsuit under Article 10 for determination of the expropriation price and registration in its name, <strong>the annotation is deleted ex officio by the land registry office<\/strong>; in Turkish practice, however, land registry offices do not always delete it on their own. <strong>In order to continue with the sale, it would be appropriate for the owner to have the invalid annotation deleted.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Allocated_to_the_Public_Allocated_for_Public_Interest_Annotation_in_Turkey\">&#8220;Allocated to the Public&#8221; \/ &#8220;Allocated for Public Interest&#8221; Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, if there is an annotation stating that the property is &#8220;allocated to the public&#8221; or &#8220;allocated for public interest&#8221;, and this annotation covers the entire property, the property should not be purchased.<\/strong> This is because the entry shows that the property has been set aside for a public service, so the owner&#8217;s ability to use and dispose of it is severely restricted.<\/p>\n<p>However, in Turkish practice, <strong>if the annotation applies to a small or insignificant portion of the property<\/strong> (e.g., a section along the edge of the property to be ceded for a road), the purchase can be considered after an expert examination determines <strong>whether the area allocated for public use negatively affects the value and marketability of the property<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_That_the_Property_Lies_Within_the_Forest_Boundary_or_Forest_Cadastre_Under_Turkish_Law\">Annotation That the Property Lies Within the Forest Boundary or Forest Cadastre Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, if there is an annotation stating that the property is within the forest designation or forest cadastre boundary, the authorities may <u>file a title cancellation lawsuit and request the registration of the property in the name of the Treasury as forest<\/u>.<\/strong> This annotation indicates a risk that ownership of the property may be lost entirely.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Private_Forest_in_Turkey\">Private Forest in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a place that has been enclosed within forest boundaries through forest cadastre may have been registered in the land registry during the general land cadastre without taking into account that it is a forest.<\/strong> <strong>This does not eliminate the forest status of the area; the forest administration can file a lawsuit to cancel the registration as soon as it becomes aware of it.<\/strong> State forests whose cadastre has become final are registered in the name of the Treasury with forest status (Article 11 of the Forest Law), and under Article 169 of the Turkish Constitution <strong>ownership of State forests cannot be transferred or acquired by prescription<\/strong>. Therefore, when the administration files a lawsuit, the title and ownership will be cancelled.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Risky_Building_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Risky Building Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a risky building is a structure, inside or outside a risky area, that has completed its economic life or is determined on the basis of scientific and technical data to be at risk of collapse or heavy damage (Article 2 of Law No. 6306).<\/strong> The transformation of these buildings is carried out under Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas under Disaster Risk. The risky building determination is notified to the land registry office to be shown in the declarations column of the land register, and owners or their legal representatives may object to it <strong>within fifteen days<\/strong> (Article 3). <strong>Owners are given a period not exceeding ninety days to demolish the risky building; a building not demolished by the owner within this period is demolished by the Turkish administrative authorities<\/strong> (Article 5\/3).<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Urban_Transformation_Reserve_Building_Area_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Urban Transformation \/ Reserve Building Area Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a reserve building area is an area designated by the Ministry, at the request of TOK\u0130 or the administration or ex officio, to be used in the implementations carried out under Law No. 6306 (Article 2\/c of Law No. 6306).<\/strong> Due to the possibility of expropriation in these areas, research should be conducted with the relevant authority before purchasing a property.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_of_Unlicensed_or_Unauthorized_Construction_Under_the_Turkish_Zoning_Law\">Annotation of Unlicensed or Unauthorized Construction Under the Turkish Zoning Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an entry on the record concerning a building in violation of Articles 32 and 34 of the Zoning Law (construction started without a permit or contrary to the permit and its annexes) does not legally prevent the sale.<\/strong> The information that the building violates zoning legislation is notified in writing by the relevant administration to the land registry office within seven days at the latest and is entered in the <strong>declarations column of the land register<\/strong>; it cannot be removed unless the administration notifies that the violation has been remedied (Article 32\/1 of the Zoning Law). If the violation is not remedied or a permit is not obtained under Turkish zoning law, a building constructed without a permit or in violation of the permit is <strong>demolished by the municipality or governorship following a decision by the municipal committee or provincial administrative board, and the costs of demolition are collected from the owner of the building.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/online-hukuki-danismanlik-min-e1735844264497.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-5590\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/online-hukuki-danismanlik-min-800x213.jpg\" alt=\"land registry lawyer in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"213\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Partial_Demolition_Decision_in_Turkey\">Partial Demolition Decision in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a partial demolition decision is taken by the municipality or governorship regarding construction that has been sealed and stopped after construction without a permit or in violation of the permit is identified.<\/strong> At the end of the process, the parts of the building in violation of the permit are demolished. Properties with partial demolition annotations should not be purchased.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Military_Prohibition_%E2%80%93_Military_Security_Zone_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Military Prohibition \u2013 Military Security Zone Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, military prohibited and security zone annotations are placed on properties surrounding military facilities and zones that are vital to national defence, graded according to the importance of the zone, to ensure their security and confidentiality.<\/strong> While these annotations on property do not legally prohibit the sale, the property may be <strong>expropriated<\/strong> depending on the importance of the zone; in addition, structures built without the permission of the competent military command or contrary to its conditions must be demolished by their owners and, if not demolished in time, are <strong>demolished by the local civil administration at the owner&#8217;s expense<\/strong> (Articles 7, 9 and 21 of Law No. 2565). Furthermore, because various restrictions <strong>(<em>such as prohibitions or limitations on construction, excavation and renovation works, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreigners-buying-property-in-turkey\/\">sale to foreign nationals or entities<\/a>, or leasing<\/em>)<\/strong> can be imposed on the use of these properties, such annotations can weaken the value of the property. If such an annotation appears in a property search in Turkey, the restrictions it entails should be examined before the purchase.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotations_Under_the_Law_on_the_Protection_of_Cultural_and_Natural_Heritage_in_Turkey\">Annotations Under the Law on the Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Under Law No. 2863 on the Protection of Cultural and Natural Property in Turkey, &#8220;cultural property&#8221;, &#8220;natural property&#8221;, &#8220;site area&#8221; or &#8220;protection area&#8221; annotations may be entered on the land registry.<\/strong> The definitions in the law are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cultural Heritage:<\/strong> All movable and immovable assets, found above ground, underground, or underwater, related to <strong>science, culture, religion, and fine arts<\/strong> from prehistory and historical periods, or which were subjects of social life in those periods and have <strong>original scientific and cultural value<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Natural Heritage:<\/strong> Values found above ground, underground, or underwater, belonging to geological, prehistoric and historical periods, which need protection <strong>due to their rarity or their features and beauty<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Site Area:<\/strong> Cities and urban remains that are products of various civilizations from prehistory to the present day and reflect <strong>the social, economic, architectural and similar characteristics of their periods, places where cultural assets are densely located or where significant historical events occurred<\/strong>, and areas with identified natural features that require protection.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protection Area:<\/strong> An area that must be protected because it is effective <strong>in preserving immovable cultural and natural heritage or protecting it within its historical environment<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Properties subject to these annotations may be subject to expropriation.<\/strong> In addition, any construction or physical intervention on the property requires the permission of the regional conservation council in Turkey.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Encroachment_on_Neighboring_Parcel_Overflow_Construction_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Encroachment on Neighboring Parcel (Overflow Construction) Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In accordance with Article 725 of the Turkish Civil Code, if part of a building encroaches onto someone else&#8217;s land and the owner of the building has an easement right over the encroached land, that part becomes an integral part of their property.<\/strong> This entry on the property is explanatory in nature. If there is no such easement right, and <strong>the affected owner does not object within fifteen days of becoming aware of the encroachment<\/strong>, and if the circumstances justify it, the person who built the overflow construction in good faith may, under Turkish law, request <strong>the establishment of an easement right or the transfer of ownership of the encroached land upon payment of a reasonable amount<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>Turkish Court of Cassation (Yarg\u0131tay) 1st Civil Chamber, in its decision Docket No. 2010\/11770, Decision No. 2010\/12725, dated 02.12.2010<\/strong>, required for registration <strong>that the builder be in good faith<\/strong> and <strong>that the circumstances justify it<\/strong>, namely <strong>that the parcel can be divided<\/strong> according to the zoning status and that the difference between the damage the landowner would suffer from the division and the benefit to the owner of the overflow construction <strong>is not excessive<\/strong>. According to the Chamber, <strong>if these two conditions are met, the owner of the overflow construction may, by declaring that they will pay an appropriate amount, request through a formative action for registration the ownership of the overflowed part or the establishment of an easement over it.<\/strong> In the same decision, the Chamber held that where division is not possible because of the zoning plan, <strong>an easement should be established against payment<\/strong> instead of registration of ownership. In Turkish practice, <strong>depending on the extent of the encroachment onto the adjacent parcel and the size of the affected area<\/strong>, a demolition order may be issued, or the problem may be resolved by paying the value of the encroached land.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_of_a_Construction_Contract_in_Exchange_for_Flats_in_Turkey\">Annotation of a Construction Contract in Exchange for Flats in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, with a construction-for-flats contract annotated on the title deed, the owner of the property promises to transfer a certain share of the property or certain independent sections of the building to the contractor in exchange for the parts that will remain to the owner after construction.<\/strong> <strong>Because the construction-for-flats contract contains a promise to sell real estate, it must be drawn up before a notary in official form.<\/strong> Land-share-for-construction contracts drawn up by a Turkish notary are annotated in the land register at the request of either party, and <strong>if no sale is made within five years of the annotation, the annotation is cancelled ex officio by the land registry office<\/strong> (Article 26 of the Land Registry Law). The landowner&#8217;s obligations towards the contractor are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Paying a fee (this obligation does not arise in all cases),<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Delivering the land,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Transferring the land shares specified in the contract.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If <strong>the parties fail to fulfil their obligations under the contract<\/strong>, in case of insolvency of a party, legal or actual impossibility of performance, or if the subject matter of the contract is actually destroyed, <strong>the contract may be terminated<\/strong> under Turkish law. <strong>Termination may have a retroactive effect<\/strong>; however, retroactive termination <strong>does not defeat the acquisition of a third party in good faith<\/strong> who, relying on the land registry, bought a land share or an independent section from the contractor or in whose favour a mortgage was established. By its decision, the <strong>Turkish Court of Cassation Grand General Assembly on the Unification of Judgments, Docket No. 2024\/1, Decision No. 2025\/2, dated 16.05.2025<\/strong>, the Court departed from the earlier practice under which third parties&#8217; good-faith claims were not heard, and held that, unless the third party is proven to have acted in bad faith, <strong>the ownership or mortgage right acquired must be protected<\/strong>, while the property may revert to the landowner if it is established that the third party was not in good faith at the time of acquisition.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In the same decision, the Court stated that the landowner can defeat third parties&#8217; good-faith claims by having it annotated in the declarations column of the title deed that the transfer was made under the contract.<\/strong> For this reason, anyone intending to buy an independent section from the contractor in Turkey should <strong>examine the construction-for-flats annotation and the declarations on the title deed before the sale.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Declarations_Under_Articles_221_and_222-a_of_the_Cadastre_Law_No_3402\">Declarations Under Articles 22\/1 and 22\/2-a of the Cadastre Law No. 3402<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Declarations based on Article 22 of the Cadastre Law No. 3402 in Turkey indicate two separate situations, under paragraph 22\/1 and sub-paragraph 22\/2-(a); although neither legally prevents a sale, their consequences must not be confused.<\/strong> According to Article 22 of the Cadastre Law, titled <strong>&#8220;Places previously subjected to cadastre&#8221;<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>Places that have previously been subject to cadastre or land survey by identification, registration or delimitation cannot be subjected to a new cadastre.<\/strong> If such places are subjected to a second cadastre, the second cadastre will be deemed null and void with all its consequences, and the procedure will be carried out in accordance with Article 1026 of the Turkish Civil Code. <strong>If no lawsuit is filed within the prescribed period, the second cadastre will be cancelled ex officio by the land registry directorate.<\/strong> However;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>In places that have undergone land survey and cadastre, for the purpose of redrawing cadastre maps that have lost their applicability<\/strong>, have become technically inadequate, are found to be incomplete or do not show the boundaries on the ground correctly, in order to correct errors arising from delimitation, measurement, drawing and calculations relating to land survey, cadastre or modification operations, and to make the necessary corrections in the land registry,<\/li>\n<li><strong>In places where only a land register survey was previously conducted or where renewal will be made under Law No. 2859 on the Renewal of Land Survey and Cadastre Sheets<\/strong>, and in places subject to Law No. 2981 on Certain Procedures for Buildings Contrary to Zoning and Slum Legislation and the Amendment of One Article of Zoning Law No. 6785, <strong>the first paragraph shall not apply.<\/strong>&#8220;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Under this provision, declarations entered in the Turkish land registry have two different consequences:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Declaration Under Article 22\/1 of the Cadastre Law:<\/strong> If there is a declaration under the first paragraph of Article 22, <strong>it shows that the property, although previously subjected to cadastre, has been subjected to a second cadastre, and that the second cadastre is by law null and void with all its consequences.<\/strong> Where places belonging to different owners are identified in the second cadastre, <strong>the parties concerned are notified under Article 1026 of the Turkish Civil Code<\/strong> and have <strong>30 days to file a lawsuit<\/strong>; if no lawsuit is filed, the second cadastre is cancelled ex officio by the land registry office. <strong>Therefore, if this declaration exists on the property, it is not suitable for sale.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Declaration Under Article 22\/2-(a) of the Cadastre Law:<\/strong> Because the law itself refers to this provision as <strong>&#8220;sub-paragraph (a) of the second paragraph&#8221;<\/strong>, the entry appears in the land registry as 22\/2-a; <strong>referring to it as 22\/1-a is incorrect.<\/strong> <strong>This sub-paragraph is an exception to the prohibition in the first paragraph; cadastre maps that have lost their applicability or do not show the boundaries on the ground correctly are redrawn for technical reasons, and the application area is announced at least fifteen days before the work begins.<\/strong> The results are announced, without separate notification to the parties concerned, <strong>by posting for 30 days<\/strong>, and these announcements are deemed to have been served on the parties in person <strong>(Article 11).<\/strong> This process may lead to a decrease, shift or other changes in the current parcel; anyone who objects must file a lawsuit at the cadastre court <strong>within the 30-day posting period<\/strong>, <strong>failing which the determinations become final (Article 12).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>When selling an annotated property in Turkey<\/strong>, it is appropriate to confirm in writing or verbally from the cadastre directorate that the property is not covered by Article 22\/1; the letter should state that the property is not subject to the first paragraph of Article 22, <strong>will not lead to a change of ownership, and that the cadastre work was carried out only for technical re-cadastre<\/strong>. If the cadastre work is carried out under Article 22\/2-(a), it is appropriate to wait for <strong>the 30-day posting period to expire and for the cadastre process to become final<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_Entered_Under_Article_41_of_the_Cadastre_Law_No_3402\">Annotation Entered Under Article 41 of the Cadastre Law No. 3402<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the annotation entered under Article 41 of the Cadastre Law No. 3402 shows that a correction has been made to the measurements, boundaries or calculations of the property.<\/strong> The article states:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;A correction arising from measurements, boundary determinations, mapping and calculations on properties whose geometric situations have been finalized during or after the Turkish cadastre process shall be notified to the property owners and other rights holders. <strong>If no lawsuit is filed within thirty days from the date of notification at the civil court of peace for the cancellation of the correction, the correction becomes final.<\/strong> (\u2026) Differences outside the margin of error arising from measurements, boundary determinations, mapping and calculations on properties whose geometric situations have been finalized during or after the cadastre process shall be corrected upon the application of the interested party or <strong>ex officio by the Turkish cadastre directorate.<\/strong> Differences within the margin of error may be corrected by the same procedure. <strong>In correction procedures, the entire difference is subject to correction.<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The article was rewritten by Turkish Law No. 7579 of 7.5.2026.<\/strong> Under the current text, the amount between the values obtained when the title plan was created and <strong>the coordinate and area values recalculated with current technology is defined as the &#8220;difference&#8221;<\/strong>, <strong>the scientifically acceptable difference according to the measurement and calculation technique as the &#8220;margin of error (tecviz)&#8221;, and cases where the difference exceeds the margin of error as an &#8220;error&#8221;.<\/strong> <strong>The ten-year limitation period<\/strong> for the finalisation of cadastre records <strong>does not apply to these corrections.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In cases where this annotation is seen on a Turkish title deed, interested parties must <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/file-a-lawsuit-in-turkey\/\">file a lawsuit<\/a> within 30 days from the notification of the change<\/strong>; if no lawsuit is filed, the modification becomes final. <strong>If the correction has not yet become final, since it could be the subject of a lawsuit<\/strong>, the size and boundaries of the property before and after the change should be compared before the sale, and it should be assessed whether <strong>the security value of the property would be affected even if the objection restored the previous situation.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-6094\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-800x248.jpg\" alt=\"sale of an annotated property in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-800x248.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-300x93.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-1024x317.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-100x31.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-90x28.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi-120x37.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/serhli-tasinmazin-satisi.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Limited_Real_and_Personal_Rights_That_Pass_to_the_Buyer_in_Turkey\">3. Limited Real and Personal Rights That Pass to the Buyer in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the entries in this group do not prevent the sale; however, the person buying the property acquires it together with the recorded right or debt burden.<\/strong> The buyer should assess the scope and duration of the right and its effect on the value of the property before the sale.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Mortgage_on_the_Title_Deed_in_Turkey\">Mortgage on the Title Deed in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the mortgage entry shows mortgages previously established on the property. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/mortgage-in-turkey\/\">The registration of the mortgage<\/a><\/strong> in the land registry, as well as its cancellation from the registry, is constitutive; a mortgage that has not been removed from the registry cannot be said to have ended. <strong>Because the creditor may request the sale of the property if the debt is not paid, acquiring a mortgaged property is risky.<\/strong> To remove a mortgage, the debt must be paid and the creditor (usually the bank) must apply to the land registry office for cancellation of the mortgage.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Seizure_Provisional_Seizure_in_Turkey\">Seizure \/ Provisional Seizure in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a seizure annotation is an entry that enables the creditor to obtain their claim from the proceeds of the property.<\/strong> This annotation does not legally prevent the sale; however, since the property is transferred burdened with the seizing creditor&#8217;s right, its marketability is low. <strong>Selling a property that carries such an annotation without first having the seizure removed is therefore not advisable.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Lease_Annotation_Under_Turkish_Law\">Lease Annotation Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a lease annotation is the registration of a lease agreement, made between the property owner and the tenant, in the annotations column of the land registry (Article 1009 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> The question of whether <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenants-rights-when-landlord-sold-property\/\"><strong>the tenant cannot be evicted if the leased property is sold in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> is closely linked to this annotation: <strong>when a lease annotation exists, the tenancy can also be asserted against the new owner who later acquires the property (Article 1009\/2 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> Whether the new owner can use the right to file an eviction lawsuit on the ground of need arising from the acquisition (Article 351 of the Turkish Code of Obligations) against the annotated lease <strong>should be assessed separately before the purchase, depending on the scope and term of the annotation.<\/strong> However, if the tenant has previously provided <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenant-eviction-in-turkey-evacuation-letter\/\"><strong>a written undertaking to vacate<\/strong><\/a> that is valid, the owner may request <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenant-eviction-process-in-turkey\/\"><strong>eviction of tenant in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> despite the lease annotation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>When a lease agreement is annotated in the land registry<\/strong>, <strong>the tenancy can be asserted against anyone who later acquires rights over the property (Article 1009\/2 of the Turkish Civil Code); the annotation is agreed between the parties (Article 312 of the Turkish Code of Obligations).<\/strong> If the leased property changes hands, the new owner becomes a party to the lease in any event (Article 310 of the Turkish Code of Obligations). <strong>As a result, the new owner cannot unilaterally <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/rack-rent-in-turkey\/\">increase the rent in violation of the contract in Turkey <\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/rent-increase-rate-calculation-in-turkey\/\">The rent increase rate<\/a> must be applied as stipulated in the annotated lease agreement.<\/strong> If a dispute arises over the rent for a new lease period, the new owner may <strong>file a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/rent-determination-in-turkey\/\">rent determination lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/strong> when the statutory conditions are met.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Financial_Leasing_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Financial Leasing Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, financial leasing is a contract under which the lessor leaves to the lessee, in return for rent, the possession of an asset that it has purchased or otherwise obtained from a third party or from the lessee itself at the lessee&#8217;s request and choice (Article 18 of Law No. 6361).<\/strong> Financial leasing contracts concerning real estate are annotated in the annotations column of the land register, and <strong>real rights acquired by third parties on the property after the annotation cannot be asserted against the lessor<\/strong> (Article 22).<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Promise_to_Sell_Agreement_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Promise to Sell Agreement Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the promise-to-sell annotation shows that the property has been promised to be sold to a third party under previously determined conditions and price.<\/strong> A promise to sell agreement drawn up before a notary in official form and annotated in the land registry can, under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/contract-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Turkish Contract Law<\/strong><\/a>, be enforced against third parties who later acquire the property. <strong>If there is a promise-to-sell annotation in the land registry, selling the property to another party will cause problems<\/strong>; the promisee may file a title deed cancellation and registration lawsuit.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Redemption_Repurchase_Right_in_Turkey\">Right of Redemption (Repurchase Right) in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the right of redemption allows a seller to reserve the right to repurchase the property from the buyer under the agreed conditions.<\/strong> It is a formative right that enables the beneficiary to reacquire the sold property through a unilateral declaration (Article 736 of the Turkish Civil Code). The beneficiary may exercise it within the agreed period <strong>by communicating the declaration to the owner and paying the agreed repurchase price<\/strong>; if the owner refuses to transfer the property, <strong>a lawsuit for cancellation of the title and registration may be filed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>This right cannot be annotated in the land registry for more than 10 years.<\/strong> However, Turkish land registry offices do not always automatically remove expired annotations; <strong>if more than 10 years have passed since the annotation was registered, the annotation should be removed before any sale.<\/strong> <strong>A property with an annotated right of redemption can still be sold or mortgaged by the new owner<\/strong>; however, if the beneficiary exercises the right, the property must be returned, and <strong>any mortgages recorded after the annotation are also cancelled and the property is re-registered in the name of the original seller.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Pre-Emption_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Pre-Emption Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a contractual right of pre-emption gives the beneficiary priority to purchase the property if the owner sells it (Article 735 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> A contractual pre-emption right annotated in the land register may be exercised <strong>against every subsequent owner within the period and under the conditions stated in the annotation<\/strong>; if no conditions are recorded, the conditions of the sale to the third party apply. <strong>The effect of the annotation ends in any case ten years after the annotation date<\/strong>, and the rules on exercising the statutory pre-emption right also apply to the contractual right.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The statutory pre-emption right of co-owners in shared ownership in Turkey can be exercised without annotation in the land registry (Article 732 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> Following the amendment made by Law No. 7571 of 24.12.2025, this right <strong>lapses three months after the sale is notified to the right holder through a notary and in any case one year after the sale<\/strong> (Article 733; the previous outer limit was two years). <strong>The right is exercised by filing a lawsuit against the buyer;<\/strong> the judge determines the market value of the share, and if the right holder does not deposit that value and the buyer&#8217;s land registry costs within the definitive period granted, the share cannot be registered in their name (Article 734). <strong>The pre-emption right cannot be exercised in sales made under the State Tender Law No. 2886 or in forced sales by auction.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Purchase_in_Turkey\">Right of Purchase in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the right of purchase is a formative right granting a beneficiary the power to become the buyer of a property by unilateral declaration (Article 237 of the Turkish Code of Obligations and Article 736 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> The beneficiary may exercise it within the agreed period by notifying the owner and paying the predetermined purchase price; <strong>if the owner refuses to transfer the title, a lawsuit for cancellation of the title and registration may be filed.<\/strong> The purchase agreement is drawn up before a notary in official form and becomes enforceable against third parties when annotated in the land registry.<\/p>\n<p><strong>This right does not prevent the property from being transferred or encumbered with other real or personal rights<\/strong>, nor does it require the beneficiary&#8217;s consent for such transactions; a property subject to other restrictive annotations can still be subject to the right of purchase. <strong>The right of purchase terminates upon its exercise or at the beneficiary&#8217;s request; the effect of the annotation, in any case, ends 10 years after the date of annotation<\/strong> (Article 736\/2 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Usufruct_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Usufruct Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the right of usufruct is a limited real right that gives its holder full enjoyment of a property, that is, the right to use it and collect its income, and grants the broadest authority after full ownership (Articles 794 et seq. of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> Full ownership is a combination of bare ownership and usufruct: <strong>when bare ownership, which grants the right of transfer and all types of disposal, is combined with usufruct, which grants the right to use and derive income from the property, full ownership is formed.<\/strong> Under the Property Tax Law, where a usufruct exists, the building and land tax is paid not by the owner but by <strong>the usufructuary<\/strong> (Articles 3 and 13 of the Property Tax Law).<\/p>\n<p><strong>When a property with a right of usufruct is purchased<\/strong> or sold through enforcement proceedings, it is transferred in Turkey burdened with the usufruct, and <strong>the new owner cannot request the cancellation of the usufruct from its holder.<\/strong> Usufruct generally ends with the death of its holder; <strong>this can directly and negatively affect the sale of the property and decrease its value.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Habitation_in_Turkey\">Right of Habitation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the right of habitation is a non-transferable and non-inheritable limited real right granting its holder the right to live in a building or part of it (Article 823 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> <strong>There is no legal obstacle to the sale of a property with a right of habitation recorded in the land registry.<\/strong> However, just like usufruct, the right of habitation as a rule ends by cancellation from the land registry (<strong>at the request of the right holder<\/strong>) or by the death of the right holder; therefore, whoever acquires the property is deemed to have accepted the existence and consequences of this right.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Superficies_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Superficies Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the right of superficies is an easement giving the right to build or maintain a structure above or below another person&#8217;s land (Article 826 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong> Unless otherwise agreed, this right is transferable and passes to the heirs. <strong>Based on a right of superficies, the ownership of structures permanently built above or below another person&#8217;s land belongs to the holder of the right<\/strong> (Article 726 of the Turkish Civil Code). A right of superficies cannot be established on independent sections; <strong>this right allows the ownership of a building to be held by someone other than the landowner.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Easement_Right_in_Turkey\">Easement Right in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an easement is a limited real right established on a property in favor of another property (real easement) or a specific person (personal easement), requiring the owner to tolerate certain uses.<\/strong> There is no legal obstacle to <strong>the sale of a property with such a record.<\/strong> However, it is important to evaluate how the security value and marketability of the property will be affected, <strong>considering the <u>limits<\/u> of the right of use.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Right_of_Passage_Under_Turkish_Law\">Right of Passage Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the right of passage is an easement granted in favor of a property without sufficient access to a public road, allowing access to the road across a neighboring property.<\/strong> <strong>There is no legal problem in purchasing a property on which a registered right of passage exists<\/strong>; however, the passage area reduces the usable area of the property.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Spring_Water_Source_Right_in_Turkey\">Spring (Water Source) Right in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an easement over a spring located on someone else&#8217;s land gives the right holder only the right to use that spring.<\/strong> The presence of a spring right on the title deed does not diminish the marketability of the property. <strong>The sale of a property with this annotation will not cause a legal problem.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Real_Easement_in_Favor_of_the_Treasury_Under_Turkish_Law\">Real Easement in Favor of the Treasury Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, if an easement is established in favor of a property owned by the Treasury, it is a real easement, and the right to benefit from the area subject to it belongs to the Treasury.<\/strong> Depending on the size of the area covered by this right, it should be assessed <strong>whether it negatively affects the value of the property<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Lease_and_Easement_Rights_in_Favor_of_Public_Utility_Companies_in_Turkey\">Lease and Easement Rights in Favor of Public Utility Companies in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, lease and easement rights established in favor of state-owned utility companies such as TEDA\u015e, BEDA\u015e, TEK, AYEDA\u015e, \u0130SK\u0130, \u0130ETT and \u0130GDA\u015e are put in place to enable these organisations to perform their public services.<\/strong> <strong>These entries do not legally prevent the sale of the property<\/strong>; however, the use of the area crossed by a transformer, pipeline or power line is restricted.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_of_Perpetual_Right_of_Disposal_in_Favor_of_the_Property_in_Turkey\">Annotation of Perpetual Right of Disposal in Favor of the Property in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, since the perpetual right of disposal is in favor of the property, there is no issue regarding the purchase of the property.<\/strong> This entry is informative in nature, and the sale of the property with such an annotation will not pose a problem.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Annotation_of_Perpetual_Right_of_Disposal_Against_the_Property_in_Turkey\">Annotation of Perpetual Right of Disposal Against the Property in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the annotation of a perpetual right of disposal against the property grants a third party (private or public), other than the owner, a right of disposal over part of the property.<\/strong> The property should be purchased only <strong>after determining whether this right reduces its value or marketability<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Declaration_of_a_Disposition_Upon_Death_Under_Turkish_Law\">Declaration of a Disposition Upon Death Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the declaration of a disposition upon death indicates that the owner has made a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/last-will-and-testament\/\">last will<\/a> or a disposition upon death such as an inheritance agreement that may affect the property.<\/strong> When the property is sold, third parties must take this situation into account.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"IPKA_Remaining_Land_Share_in_Turkey\">IPKA (Remaining Land Share) in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, IPKA refers to the ownership share that is not transferred by the owner in partial share transfers and remains with the owner.<\/strong> This situation is indicated with the &#8220;ipka&#8221; entry in the land registry. It is important to <strong>conduct a property registry search in Turkey<\/strong> before purchasing a property with this entry.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Fixtures_Muhdesat_Under_Turkish_Law\">Fixtures (Muhdesat) Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, fixtures (muhdesat) are structures, trees and similar assets on a property that belong to someone other than its owner.<\/strong> The Civil Code accepts that, except for exceptional cases, the owner of land also owns what is on it; <strong>the recorded right relates only to the fixture, that is, the thing planted or built<\/strong>, and does not grant any direct right over the land. If the conditions in Articles 722 et seq. of the Turkish Civil Code are met, such as the value of the structure exceeding the value of the land and good faith, <strong>the transfer of ownership may be demanded; otherwise, payment of the value of the fixture may be demanded.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Under Article 19\/2 of the Turkish Cadastre Law No. 3402, if fixtures (buildings, trees, etc.) belonging to someone else are found on the property during the cadastral survey, they are shown in the declarations section of the land registry.<\/strong> The property is then disposed of in this state; the cancellation of the declaration is possible only at the request of the right holder or by court decision. <strong>If the right holder refuses to agree to cancellation, it is carried out by court decision.<\/strong> Light structures such as huts, kiosks, arbours and sheds built on another person&#8217;s land without the intention of being permanent, on the other hand, <strong>belong to their owners, are subject to the rules on movable property and are not shown in the land register<\/strong> <strong>(Article 728 of the Turkish Civil Code).<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Co-Ownership_of_the_Land_Annotation_in_Turkey\">Co-Ownership of the Land Annotation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, when a zoning plan change increases the area of the parcel, outside co-owners may be added for the newly added land portion.<\/strong> These persons are co-owners of the land only, and the condominium ownership of the structures on it remains unchanged. <strong>The co-ownership status of the land should therefore be investigated<\/strong> before purchasing the property.<\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Vekaletin-Kotuye-Kullanilmasi-Nedeniyle-Tapu-Iptali-ve-Tescil-Davasi-e1738151635679.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-5892\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Vekaletin-Kotuye-Kullanilmasi-Nedeniyle-Tapu-Iptali-ve-Tescil-Davasi-800x223.jpg\" alt=\"title deed review in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"223\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Informative_Explanatory_Declarations_in_Turkey\">4. Informative (Explanatory) Declarations in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the declarations in this group show a legal or factual feature of the property and, as a rule, do not prevent the sale.<\/strong> Their importance for the buyer lies in revealing the conditions of use and the record history of the property.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Management_Plan_and_Management_Plan_Amendment_Declarations_Under_Turkish_Law\">Management Plan and Management Plan Amendment Declarations Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the management plan regulates the management style, intended use and form of use of a property subject to condominium ownership, the fees of the manager and inspectors, and other management matters.<\/strong> These entries do not legally prevent the sale and do not negatively affect the marketability of the property. <strong>This kind of entry is a common informative declaration seen in property record searches in Turkey.<\/strong> However, the management plan has the effect of a contract binding all unit owners and <strong>also binds their universal and singular successors<\/strong>; a buyer of an independent section is bound by its provisions on use and cost sharing <strong>(Article 28 of the Condominium Law).<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Parking_Declaration_in_Turkey\">Parking Declaration in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the parking declaration indicates that the property has a parking area.<\/strong> <strong>This entry does not legally prevent the sale of the property and does not negatively affect its marketability.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Jointly_Used_Areas_Declaration_in_Turkey\">Jointly Used Areas Declaration in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the jointly used areas declaration shows that parts of the property such as social facilities, commercial spaces, swimming pools, tennis courts and heating centres are allocated for joint use.<\/strong> Its presence as a declaration does not legally prevent the sale and does not negatively affect the marketability of the property.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Originates_From_an_Ottoman_Title_Deed_Declaration_in_Turkey\">&#8220;Originates From an Ottoman Title Deed&#8221; Declaration in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the phrase &#8220;originates from an Ottoman title deed&#8221; indicates that the land registry record of the property dates back to the Ottoman era and that the initial registration is based on Ottoman archival documents, tahrir registers or older records.<\/strong> <strong>Such properties were transferred into the modern land registry system during the Republican era through the updating of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/ottoman-title-deed\/\">Ottoman title deeds<\/a>.<\/strong> This declaration reflects the historical nature of the property and its connection to older records, and <strong>does not pose any obstacle to the sale of the property.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Declaration_of_Change_of_Type_Under_Turkish_Law\">Declaration of Change of Type Under Turkish Law<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a change of type is the process of changing the class of a property, such as from field to plot, from undeveloped to developed, or from floor easement to condominium ownership.<\/strong> <strong>Changes of type are carried out through technical processes in the land register and cadastral maps.<\/strong> They do not prevent the sale of the property and are explanatory declarations.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Discrepancy_Between_the_Architectural_Project_for_Floor_Easement_and_the_Actual_Situation_in_Turkey\">Discrepancy Between the Architectural Project for Floor Easement and the Actual Situation in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, this entry shows that the actual use of a property that appears with floor easement in the land register does not conform to the architectural project.<\/strong> This discrepancy must be rectified before transitioning to condominium ownership; otherwise, occupancy and condominium procedures cannot be completed. <strong>This entry may indicate, particularly for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/legal-rights-defective-delayed-property-turkey\/\">buyers of a unit with floor easement from a contractor in Turkey<\/a>, that the delivered unit was built contrary to the project.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Zoning_Law_No_3194_Zoning_Implementation_%E2%80%93_Article_18_Annotation\">Zoning Law No. 3194 (Zoning Implementation \u2013 Article 18) Annotation<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, this annotation identifies properties that have been subjected to zoning implementation (parcelling) and registered according to the new parcelling plan.<\/strong> Because a deduction for public use (d\u00fczenleme ortakl\u0131k pay\u0131) <strong>not exceeding forty-five per cent<\/strong> of the area of the land and plots before the arrangement may be made (Article 18 of the Zoning Law), it is crucial <strong>to examine the zoning plan<\/strong> before purchasing a property with this annotation on the title deed.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"In-Kind_Capital_Annotation_Under_Article_128_of_the_Turkish_Commercial_Code\">&#8220;In-Kind Capital&#8221; Annotation Under Article 128 of the Turkish Commercial Code<\/h4>\n<p><strong>According to Article 128 of the Turkish Commercial Code, a partner may commit real estate as capital to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/company-types-in-turkey\/\">a company established in Turkey<\/a> through the articles of association; real estate included in the articles of association at the value determined by an expert is accepted as in-kind capital once it is annotated in the land registry.<\/strong> Different structures, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/establishing-a-foreign-company-branch-in-turkey\/\"><strong>a foreign branch operating in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, should be assessed separately. Registration in the land registry is required for the company to dispose of the property, and the registration request is notified ex officio and immediately to the land registry by the trade registry director; this falls under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/business-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Turkish Commercial Law<\/strong><\/a>. <strong>These annotations on property do not constitute an obstacle to sale<\/strong>, but because they show the owner&#8217;s obligation to transfer the property to the company, the buyer should take them into account.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Tax_Relationship_Terminated_Declaration_in_Turkey\">&#8220;Tax Relationship Terminated&#8221; Declaration in Turkey<\/h4>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the declaration &#8220;tax relationship has been terminated for transfer procedures&#8221; indicates that, during the process of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/probate-in-turkey\/\">probate in Turkey<\/a>, the heirs have completed the necessary inheritance and transfer tax procedures and there is no remaining tax debt related to the property with the relevant tax office.<\/strong> Until the inheritance and transfer tax is paid in full, <strong>an inherited property cannot be transferred, and land registry officers cannot carry out the transfer without a clearance certificate from the tax office (Article 19 of the Inheritance and Transfer Tax Law);<\/strong> this declaration shows that this obstacle has been lifted and that there is no tax-related obstacle to the transfer of the property.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The table below summarises the effect on sale of common annotations and declarations in Turkey and the check the buyer should make.<\/strong> The table is a general guide; the actual effect of each entry should be determined by examining the full land registry record.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 720px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83c\udfe0 EFFECT OF THE LAND REGISTRY RECORD ON SALE AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR BUYERS IN TURKEY<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 680px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.4;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udccb Entry<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83c\udfe0 Effect on sale<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left;\">\ud83d\udca1 Recommendation for the buyer<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83d\udeab Sale offer (EBL 150\/c), bankruptcy, partition sale<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Enforcement or bankruptcy sale process has started<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\"><strong>Do not purchase<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\u26a0\ufe0f Family home, OIZ, guardianship<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Can be sold with permission or consent<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Obtain consent\/permission document<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Seizure of public receivables, concordat<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Permission of the authority\/court required<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Wait for cancellation or permission<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\u2696\ufe0f Ownership dispute, promise to sell<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Can be sold; lawsuit\/promise binds buyer<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\"><strong>Purchase is inadvisable<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f Expropriation, forest, risky building, partial demolition<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Risk of loss of ownership or demolition<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Obtain information from the authority<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83d\udd12 Mortgage, seizure<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Can be sold; burden passes to buyer<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Secure cancellation first<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83c\udfe0 Lease, usufruct, habitation, easement<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Can be sold; right binds buyer<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Assess scope and duration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff8f5;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">\ud83d\udccc Management plan, parking, jointly used areas, change of type<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">No obstacle to sale<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 9px 8px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb;\">Review for information<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"The_Importance_of_a_Land_Registry_Lawyer_in_Turkey_for_the_Process_of_Property_Search_in_Turkey\">The Importance of a Land Registry Lawyer in Turkey for the Process of Property Search in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Having a land registry lawyer in Turkey review the annotations and declarations on the title deed ensures that their legal nature is correctly understood, the true value of the property is determined, and disputes that may arise after the sale are prevented in advance.<\/strong> <strong>Annotations and declarations in the property records in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>provide critical information about the legal status of the property<\/strong>, playing a crucial role for both the owner and the buyer. <strong>Therefore, an accurate land registry review in Turkey is essential to prevent potential legal and financial risks during real estate transactions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/online-legal-services\/\">Seeking legal support in Turkey<\/a> from an expert title deed lawyer for a detailed analysis of these annotations and declarations<\/strong> helps determine the real value of the property and ensures a legally secure purchase process. <strong>Legal support provides important advantages in the following respects.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"a_Accurate_Understanding_of_Legal_Nature_of_Deed_Restriction_in_Turkey\">a) Accurate Understanding of Legal Nature of Deed Restriction in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The legal significance of annotations in land registry records in Turkey and their impact on the property require expertise.<\/strong> A land registry lawyer in Turkey thoroughly examines these records to assess the following matters:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Whether an annotation can be removed,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The legal consequences of restrictions for the buyer,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Whether the sale is possible and under what conditions.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>This ensures that both the buyer and seller are informed of how these annotations might affect the transaction in Turkey, enabling them to make well-informed decisions.<\/strong> This assessment should be made before the sale contract is signed and the price is paid.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"b_Determining_the_True_Value_of_the_Property_in_Turkey\">b) Determining the True Value of the Property in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, annotations and declarations on a property can directly affect its market value.<\/strong> For example, <strong>a property with a zoning annotation<\/strong> may have undergone changes in its land area or may face the risk of expropriation in the future. <strong>A property with a mortgage or lien<\/strong> may have a lower value compared to a property with a clean title; a land registry lawyer in Turkey evaluates these factors, guiding the buyer toward <strong>a secure investment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"c_Prevention_of_Potential_Legal_Issues_in_Turkey\">c) Prevention of Potential Legal Issues in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Certain annotations and declarations in Turkey may lead to legal disputes in the future.<\/strong> Examples of such disputes include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pre-emption right holders suing<\/strong> after the sale,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Municipalities or public institutions imposing usage restrictions,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Disputes arising from condominium or joint ownership.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>A title deed lawyer in Turkey<\/strong> identifies such risks beforehand, ensuring that necessary legal precautions are taken before completing the sale. Where necessary, the sale is made conditional on the cancellation of the annotation or on obtaining the required permission.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"d_Expediting_Official_Procedures_in_Turkey\">d) Expediting Official Procedures in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, removing deed restrictions from the property record may require court decisions or approvals from relevant authorities.<\/strong> A lawyer facilitates this process by carrying out the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Preparing the necessary legal documents,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Managing communications with official bodies,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Filing lawsuits if needed to remove annotations.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This expedites and streamlines land registry transactions. <strong>Reviewing annotations and declarations in the land registry and conducting a thorough property search in Turkey are essential for investment security when purchasing real estate.<\/strong> Without proper analysis of these records, buyers may end up with properties that have restricted ownership rights or legal and financial risks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Although land registry investigations in Turkey may require additional time and costs, they provide significant advantages in terms of legal security and risk prevention<\/strong>; therefore, working with a land registry lawyer in Turkey during real estate transactions involving annotations or declarations is the most effective way to ensure a well-informed and secure investment.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-html\"><div class=\"cb-legal-box\">\n    <div class=\"cb-legal-inner\">\n        <p class=\"cb-legal-text\">\n            You can explore our other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/blog\/\" class=\"cb-legal-link\">articles<\/a> or contact us for your legal support inquiries.\n        <\/p>\n        <div class=\"cb-legal-action\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/contact-us\/\" class=\"cb-legal-btn\">Contact Us<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.cb-legal-box {\n    background: #ffffff;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516; 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the content may be quoted provided that the source is credited and an active link to the relevant page is given. All content on this website is for general information purposes only, does not constitute legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship. The information may have become outdated due to changes in legislation and case law; for your specific legal situation, always seek legal assistance from a lawyer.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"LEGAL NATURE OF ANNOTATIONS AND DECLARATIONS IN THE LAND REGISTRY RECORD IN TURKEY A title deed search in Turkey reveals the annotations (\u015ferh), declarations (beyan) and easements recorded on a property; these entries do not change ownership of the property directly but affect its use, transfer and value. The note &#8220;\u015eB\u0130 var&#8221; on a land...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2844,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2848"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2848\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}