{"id":5008,"date":"2024-04-25T21:19:27","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T21:19:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/?p=5008"},"modified":"2026-10-10T20:18:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T20:18:31","slug":"inheritance-determination-in-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Inheritance Determination in Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-800x400.jpg\" class=\"attachment-us_800_400 size-us_800_400\" alt=\"inheritance determination in turkey\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-100x50.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-90x45.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey-120x60.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/inheritance-determination-in-turkey.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style>nav.cb-toc{background:#fff;border:1px solid #8b3516;border-radius:6px;padding:10px 16px;margin:0 0 1.5em;display:table;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left}nav.cb-toc summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:400;font-size:15px;color:#000;list-style:none;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5em}nav.cb-toc summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}nav.cb-toc summary:after{content:\"\\25BE\";color:#8b3516;transition:transform .2s}nav.cb-toc details[open] summary:after{transform:rotate(180deg)}nav.cb-toc ol{list-style:none;margin:8px 0 0;padding:0}nav.cb-toc ol ol{margin:2px 0 4px 4px;padding-left:14px;border-left:1px solid #e6dcd8}nav.cb-toc li{margin:4px 0;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.45;color:#000}nav.cb-toc ol ol li{font-size:13px}nav.cb-toc a,nav.cb-toc a:visited{color:#000;text-decoration:none}nav.cb-toc ol ol a,nav.cb-toc ol ol a:visited{color:#444}nav.cb-toc a:hover,nav.cb-toc a:focus{color:#8b3516;text-decoration:underline}h1[id],h2[id],h3[id],h4[id]{scroll-margin-top:120px}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}<\/style><nav class=\"cb-toc\" aria-label=\"Table of Contents\"><details><summary>Table of Contents<\/summary><ol><li><a href=\"#Inheritance_Determination_in_Turkey_The_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Competent_Court_Procedure_and_Results\">Inheritance Determination in Turkey: The Estate Determination Lawsuit, Competent Court, Procedure and Results<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#What_Is_an_Estate_in_Turkish_Law\">What Is an Estate in Turkish Law?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#What_Is_the_Difference_Between_an_Estate_and_an_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">What Is the Difference Between an Estate and an Inheritance in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#Which_Assets_Are_Included_in_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">Which Assets Are Included in the Estate in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#Which_Rights_Are_Not_Included_in_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">Which Rights Are Not Included in the Estate in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Active_Assets_in_Turkey_Rights_and_Property_Included_in_the_Estate\">Active Assets in Turkey (Rights and Property Included in the Estate)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Passive_Liabilities_in_Turkey_Debts_and_Obligations_Included_in_the_Estate\">Passive Liabilities in Turkey (Debts and Obligations Included in the Estate)<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_to_Identify_the_Deceaseds_Assets_in_Turkey_What_Is_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit\">How to Identify the Deceased\u2019s Assets in Turkey: What Is an Estate Determination Lawsuit?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Why_Is_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Filed_in_Turkey\">Why Is an Estate Determination Lawsuit Filed in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_Is_Estate_Determination_Different_from_Similar_Procedures_in_Turkey\">How Is Estate Determination Different from Similar Procedures in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Is_an_Estate_File_in_Turkey_What_Do_Determination_Sale_and_Delivery_by_the_Public_Prosecutor_Files_Mean\">What Is an Estate File in Turkey? What Do \u201cDetermination\u201d, \u201cSale\u201d and \u201cDelivery by the Public Prosecutor\u201d Files Mean?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Who_Can_File_a_Declaratory_Lawsuit_to_Identify_Estate_in_Turkey_and_Against_Whom\">Who Can File a Declaratory Lawsuit to Identify Estate in Turkey, and Against Whom?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Can_a_Disinherited_Heir_Request_Estate_Determination_in_Turkey\">1. Can a Disinherited Heir Request Estate Determination in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Is_an_Estate_Representative_in_Turkey_and_What_Does_He_or_She_Do\">2. What Is an Estate Representative in Turkey and What Does He or She Do?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#Competent_and_Authorized_Court_for_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">Competent and Authorized Court for Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_What_Is_an_Estate_Court_in_Turkey\">1. What Is an Estate Court in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Happens_If_the_Deceased_Died_Outside_the_Place_of_Residence_in_Turkey\">2. What Happens If the Deceased Died Outside the Place of Residence in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_Is_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Filed_and_What_Is_the_Court_Procedure_in_Turkey\">How Is an Estate Determination Lawsuit Filed and What Is the Court Procedure in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Filing_of_the_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Filing of the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_What_Should_an_Estate_Determination_Petition_in_Turkey_Include\">2. What Should an Estate Determination Petition in Turkey Include?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Statements_of_the_Parties_and_Evidence_Collection_in_the_Identification_of_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">3. Statements of the Parties and Evidence Collection in the Identification of Inheritance in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Official_Information_Gathering_via_Court_Correspondence_in_the_Identification_of_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">4. Official Information Gathering via Court Correspondence in the Identification of Inheritance in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_On-Site_Inspections_and_Discovery_in_the_Declaratory_Action_for_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">5. On-Site Inspections and Discovery in the Declaratory Action for Inheritance in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_Final_Evaluation_of_Documents_and_Determination_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">6. Final Evaluation of Documents and Determination of the Estate in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7_What_Happens_If_an_Heir_Does_Not_Attend_the_Estate_Hearing_in_Turkey\">7. What Happens If an Heir Does Not Attend the Estate Hearing in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_Are_Active_and_Passive_Assets_Identified_in_Inheritance_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">How Are Active and Passive Assets Identified in Inheritance Determination Lawsuit in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Determination_of_Active_Assets_in_Inheritance_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Determination of Active Assets in Inheritance Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Determination_of_Passive_Assets_in_Inheritance_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">2. Determination of Passive Assets in Inheritance Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_Can_the_Assets_of_a_Deceased_Person_Be_Found_in_Turkey\">How Can the Assets of a Deceased Person Be Found in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Which_Date_Is_Taken_as_the_Basis_in_Determining_Estate_Assets_in_Turkey\">Which Date Is Taken as the Basis in Determining Estate Assets in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Is_an_Estate_Inventory_in_Turkey_and_Who_Keeps_It\">What Is an Estate Inventory in Turkey and Who Keeps It?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Statute_of_Limitations_and_Duration_of_the_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">Statute of Limitations and Duration of the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Is_There_a_Statute_of_Limitations_in_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Is There a Statute of Limitations in Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Does_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Stop_the_Period_for_Renouncing_the_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">2. Does an Estate Determination Lawsuit Stop the Period for Renouncing the Inheritance in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_How_Long_Does_a_Court_Case_for_Estate_Identification_in_Turkey_Take\">3. How Long Does a Court Case for Estate Identification in Turkey Take?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Are_the_Court_Fees_and_Legal_Costs_in_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">What Are the Court Fees and Legal Costs in Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Are_the_Results_of_a_Lawsuit_for_the_Determination_of_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">What Are the Results of a Lawsuit for the Determination of Inheritance in Turkey?<\/a><ol><li><a href=\"#1_Clear_Identification_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">1. Clear Identification of the Estate in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2_Informing_the_Heirs_in_Turkey\">2. Informing the Heirs in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3_Protection_of_Heirs_Rights_in_Turkey\">3. Protection of Heirs\u2019 Rights in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4_Foundation_for_the_Distribution_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">4. Foundation for the Distribution of the Estate in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5_Possibility_to_Initiate_Replevin_Lawsuits\">5. Possibility to Initiate Replevin Lawsuits<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6_Discovery_and_Opening_of_the_Will\">6. Discovery and Opening of the Will<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7_Official_Registration_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">7. Official Registration of the Estate in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#8_Prevention_and_Resolution_of_Inheritance_Disputes_in_Turkey\">8. Prevention and Resolution of Inheritance Disputes in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><li><a href=\"#Can_a_Foreigner_Claim_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">Can a Foreigner Claim Inheritance in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Should_Be_Done_After_Determining_Estate_Assets_in_Turkey\">What Should Be Done After Determining Estate Assets in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#What_Is_an_Inheritance_Division_Agreement_in_Turkey\">What Is an Inheritance Division Agreement in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#How_Is_Fraudulent_Asset_Concealment_from_Inheritance_Detected_in_Turkey\">How Is Fraudulent Asset Concealment from Inheritance Detected in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol><\/details><\/nav>\n<h1 id=\"Inheritance_Determination_in_Turkey_The_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Competent_Court_Procedure_and_Results\">Inheritance Determination in Turkey: The Estate Determination Lawsuit, Competent Court, Procedure and Results<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Inheritance determination in Turkey is the legal process of accurately and comprehensively identifying all assets and liabilities left behind by a deceased person, carried out by the Civil Court of Peace as a non-contentious proceeding that ends with these items being recorded in an inventory.<\/strong> When information regarding the deceased&#8217;s assets is insufficient or unclear, <strong>a lawsuit for inheritance determination in Turkey<\/strong> can be filed by the <strong>legal heirs<\/strong>, and it is important both for <strong>clarifying the scope of the inheritance<\/strong> and for <strong>preparing its proper distribution in accordance with legal procedures<\/strong>. This legal process is closely related not only to <strong>Inheritance Law<\/strong>, but also to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Turkish Real Estate Law<\/strong><\/a> and <strong>Turkish Law of Obligations<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A lawsuit for estate determination in Turkey is initiated by an application to the Civil Court of Peace at the deceased\u2019s last place of residence, as one of the protective measures regulated in Article 589 and the following articles of the Turkish Civil Code (TCC).<\/strong> The court <strong>investigates records of the deceased\u2019s movable and immovable assets in Turkey, prepares an inventory of estate in Turkey,<\/strong> and determines the assets, receivables and debts included in the estate. The process of <strong>determining estate assets in Turkey<\/strong> does not decide how the estate is divided; however, it shows the heirs what they inherit and helps prevent future legal disputes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-iconbox us_custom_aea21514 iconpos_left style_default color_secondary align_center no_title\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-icon\" style=\"font-size:2rem;\"><i class=\"fas fa-gavel\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox-meta\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-text\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=4721&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TURKISH CIVIL CODE<\/strong><\/a> <strong>Article 589 &#8211;<\/strong> The peace judge of the deceased&#8217;s place of residence shall take all necessary measures, upon request or ex officio, to protect the estate assets and ensure their transfer to the rightful owners.<\/p>\n<p>These measures particularly concern the inventory of the estate assets in cases specified by law, sealing of the estate, formal administration of the estate, and opening of wills.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 id=\"What_Is_an_Estate_in_Turkish_Law\">What Is an Estate in Turkish Law?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, an estate is the entirety of the rights, receivables, property and debts that a deceased person held at the time of death and that pass to the heirs.<\/strong> This term encompasses <strong>all active and passive elements of the deceased\u2019s assets in Turkey<\/strong>, and the inventory of estate in Turkey refers to the complete set of these assets and liabilities. By acquiring the inheritance, the heirs take over not only the receivables of the estate but, <strong>as a rule, its debts as well.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Active assets<\/strong> include <strong>the deceased\u2019s property, receivables, and other items of economic value<\/strong>, while <strong>passive assets<\/strong> cover <strong>debts and obligations<\/strong>. As a general rule, <strong>all rights and liabilities of the deceased are included in the estate in Turkey<\/strong>; however, <strong>some elements are excluded from this scope, such as strictly personal rights that end upon death.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>The inventory of estate in Turkey<\/strong> is not limited to movable and immovable properties; it also includes <strong>businesses, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/ip-law-in-turkey\/\">intellectual property rights<\/a>, and receivables<\/strong>. Rights and obligations arising from legal relationships that do not end with death become part of the estate; for instance, <strong>a compensation claim filed due to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/medical-malpractice-in-turkey\/\">medical malpractice<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/collection-of-footballers-debts\/\">entitlements of professional athletes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/\">seafarers\u2019 rights<\/a><\/strong>, and <strong>compensation claims arising from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/types-of-employment-contracts\/\">termination of employment contracts<\/a><\/strong> are considered part of the estate in Turkey. Therefore, <strong>the scope of the estate is often complex and uncertain<\/strong>, and heirs <strong>may apply to the court to request estate determination in Turkey<\/strong> through a declaratory action to determine estate assets in Turkey.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"What_Is_the_Difference_Between_an_Estate_and_an_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">What Is the Difference Between an Estate and an Inheritance in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the estate is the body of assets and debts left by the deceased, while inheritance is the passing of this body to the heirs by law or by a disposition upon death, together with the heirs\u2019 rights arising from it.<\/strong> The heirs acquire the inheritance as a whole by operation of law upon the death of the deceased (TCC Art. 599). <strong>In everyday language the two words are often used interchangeably, but legally the estate is the \u201cobject\u201d, while inheritance is its \u201ctransfer\u201d and the right to inherit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The distinction matters in practice, because <strong>the estate determination lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong> only identifies the content of the estate; it does not show who the heirs are or what their shares are. The heirs and their shares are documented by the <strong>certificate of inheritance<\/strong>, and the division of the assets among the heirs is <strong>carried out separately, either by agreement or through a lawsuit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 24px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udcd8 Estate, Inheritance and Estate Determination in Turkey \u2014 Key Concepts<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; background: #faf7f4; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 0; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83c\udfe0<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Estate<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">All rights, receivables, property and debts of the deceased at the time of death<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">PRACTICAL EFFECT<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">Active and passive elements are assessed together<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udc69\u200d\ud83d\udc67<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Inheritance<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Passing of the estate to the heirs as a whole by law (TCC Art. 599)<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">PRACTICAL EFFECT<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">Unless they renounce, heirs also become liable for the debts<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udd0d<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Estate determination<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Identification and recording of the estate by the Civil Court of Peace<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">PRACTICAL EFFECT<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">No decision on distribution is made<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcc4<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Certificate of inheritance<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Document showing the heirs and their shares (TCC Art. 598)<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">PRACTICAL EFFECT<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">Does not list the assets<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Which_Assets_Are_Included_in_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">Which Assets Are Included in the Estate in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the estate includes all assets and debts that the deceased held at the time of death and that do not end with death.<\/strong> Identifying these elements as a whole ensures <strong>a realistic assessment of the rights and obligations<\/strong> owned by the deceased at the time of death. <strong>Below are the main types of property that typically fall within<\/strong> <strong>the estate in Turkey:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Immovable Property:<\/strong> Real estate such as <strong>land, residences, fields, and commercial properties<\/strong> registered under the name of the deceased is <strong>included in the inventory of estate in Turkey<\/strong>. These are, in practice, among the most valuable components of the inheritance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Movable Property:<\/strong> <strong>Vehicles, cash, jewelry, furniture, electronics, artworks, and antiques<\/strong> belonging to the deceased at the time of death are part of the estate. Where items in the deceased\u2019s possession are claimed by someone else, the ownership dispute is resolved separately.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bank Accounts and Financial Assets:<\/strong> <strong>Bank deposit accounts, investment portfolios, and other financial assets<\/strong> registered under the deceased\u2019s name are included in the inheritance in Turkey. In joint accounts, only the deceased\u2019s share falls into the estate.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Securities:<\/strong> <strong>Stocks, bonds, promissory notes and other securities<\/strong> held by the deceased are also considered important components of the estate.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Debts and Receivables:<\/strong> The inheritance in Turkey is not limited to active assets; it also includes <strong>receivables and debts<\/strong>. Therefore, <strong>collection of receivables and payment of debts<\/strong> must be considered before distributing the inheritance in Turkey.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Intellectual Property Rights:<\/strong> <strong>Copyrights, patents, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/trademark-registration-in-turkey\/\">trademark rights<\/a>, and registered designs<\/strong> owned by the deceased, which hold economic value and are transferable to heirs, are included in the inventory of estate in Turkey.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transferable Contractual Rights and Obligations:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/contract-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Contracts<\/strong><\/a> entered into during the deceased\u2019s lifetime, whose obligations do not terminate upon death, form part of the estate; for instance, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/rack-rent-in-turkey\/\">rental income<\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenants-rights-in-turkey\/\">lease agreements<\/a> or sales agreements with unpaid balances<\/strong> fall within this scope. Consulting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/rental-lawyer-in-turkey\/\"><strong>a rental law attorney in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> may be necessary to clarify rental-related claims, and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/business-law-in-turkey\/\">commercial income<\/a> and rental revenues<\/strong> from sole proprietorships can also be included in the estate in Turkey.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Company Shares and Partnership Interests:<\/strong> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/corporate-law-in-turkey\/\">Shares in companies<\/a> like limited, joint-stock, or ordinary partnerships<\/strong> owned by the deceased form part of the estate. However, <strong>restrictions on the passing of shares to heirs or on the continuation of the partnership<\/strong> may exist in certain companies; in that case the law and the company\u2019s governing documents are assessed together, and legal advice from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/commercial-lawyer-in-turkey\/\"><strong>a commercial law attorney in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> may be required.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Insurance Claims:<\/strong> If no beneficiary is named in a life insurance policy covering the risk of death, <strong>the contract is deemed to be made in favour of the policyholder\u2019s heirs<\/strong> under Turkish law (Turkish Commercial Code Art. 1494); if a beneficiary is named, the sum is paid directly to that person. <strong>Unpaid claims from personal accident insurance, as well as rights under home or auto insurance policies,<\/strong> also constitute part of the estate.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tax Refunds and State Receivables:<\/strong> <strong>Overpaid taxes and unpaid government supports<\/strong> earned by the deceased up to the date of death are included in the inventory of estate in Turkey. Agricultural subsidies and various incentive payments fall under this category, and <strong>if a retirement application was filed but the bonus had not yet been paid, that amount is also part of the estate.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rights Arising from Ongoing Lawsuits:<\/strong> <strong>Claims stemming from unresolved lawsuits filed before the death of the deceased transfer to the estate.<\/strong> This includes lawsuits for <strong>receivables, compensation, ownership, or expropriation<\/strong>, and the heirs can continue these lawsuits in their capacity as legal successors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Social Security-Based Claims:<\/strong> <strong>Compensation arising from work accidents or occupational diseases, or based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/employment-termination-codes\/\">SGK employment termination codes<\/a>,<\/strong> is included in the estate in Turkey. By contrast, <strong>survivors\u2019 pensions and funeral grants paid by SGK directly to the rightful beneficiaries<\/strong> do not come from the deceased\u2019s assets and, as a rule, are not part of the estate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The items listed above represent <strong>typical components of the estate<\/strong>, but <strong>the inventory of estate in Turkey is not limited to these<\/strong>. Any asset, right, or obligation held by the deceased at the time of death forms part of the estate. <strong>Proper estate determination in Turkey<\/strong> is essential to ensure that <strong>inheritance is distributed fairly and in accordance with the law<\/strong> and helps prevent potential disputes.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"Which_Rights_Are_Not_Included_in_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">Which Rights Are Not Included in the Estate in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, strictly personal rights, values that end with the death of the deceased and values that belong directly to a third person are not part of the estate.<\/strong> These values do not pass to the heirs by inheritance and are not recorded in the estate inventory during the estate determination lawsuit in Turkey. <strong>Knowing which values fall outside the estate helps the heir decide correctly whether to accept or renounce the inheritance.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Usufruct and Right of Residence:<\/strong> A <strong>usufruct<\/strong> established in favour of the deceased ends with the death of the right holder (TCC Art. 797), and a <strong>right of residence<\/strong> cannot be transferred and does not pass to the heirs (TCC Art. 823).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Life Insurance with a Named Beneficiary:<\/strong> The sum payable to a beneficiary named in a life insurance policy is <strong>the beneficiary\u2019s own right<\/strong>, is not part of the estate, and <strong>is not affected by renunciation of the inheritance<\/strong> (Turkish Commercial Code Art. 1494).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Survivors\u2019 Pension and Funeral Grant:<\/strong> The <strong>survivors\u2019 pension and funeral grant<\/strong> paid by SGK are based on statutory entitlement, not on the status of heir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Other Personal Rights:<\/strong> <strong>The future portion of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/alimony-in-turkey\/\">maintenance claims<\/a> is strictly personal<\/strong> and ends with death. <strong>Family-law powers such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/child-custody-in-turkey\/\">custody<\/a> and guardianship also do not pass to the heirs.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"Active_Assets_in_Turkey_Rights_and_Property_Included_in_the_Estate\">Active Assets in Turkey (Rights and Property Included in the Estate)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The table below summarises the main types of rights and property that make up the active side of the estate in Turkey.<\/strong> Each item in the table is among the elements investigated by the court and recorded in the estate inventory during <strong>the estate determination lawsuit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 760px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udd39 Active Assets \u2014 Rights and Property Included in the Estate in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 560px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 32%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Type of Asset<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 68%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83c\udfe0 Real Estate<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Immovable properties such as residential units, land, fields, and commercial premises<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\ude97 Movable Property<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Vehicles, furniture, jewelry, electronic devices, works of art, antiques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83c\udfe6 Bank Accounts<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Demand deposit, time deposit, investment, and foreign currency accounts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcc8 Securities<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Stocks, bonds, and promissory notes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83c\udfe2 Company Shares \/ Partnership Interests<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Shares in limited liability, joint-stock, or ordinary partnerships<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udca1 Intellectual Property Rights<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Copyrights, patents, trademark, and design registrations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udd11 Rental Income<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Income generated from rented immovable properties and related <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/rent-increase-rate-calculation-in-turkey\/\">rent increases<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f Insurance Claims<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Rights arising in favour of the heirs under life insurance with no named beneficiary (Turkish Commercial Code Art. 1494) and compensation rights under other insurance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udc77 Social Security and Employment Claims<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Claims earned by the deceased such as work accident compensation, as well as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/severance-pay-calculation\/\">severance pay<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/notice-pay-in-turkey\/\">notice pay<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/annual-leave-calculation\/\">unused annual leave pay<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/reinstatement-lawsuit\/\">reinstatement claim<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/overtime-work-in-turkey\/\">overtime pay<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83e\uddfe Tax Refunds<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Taxes overpaid before death and public subsidies receivable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\u2696\ufe0f Rights Arising from Ongoing Lawsuits<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Rights arising from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/labor-law-in-turkey\/\">labor claims<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wrongful-termination\/\">wrongful termination compensation<\/a>, and other ongoing lawsuits such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/worker-compensation-rights-in-turkey\/\">worker compensation rights<\/a> or expropriation cases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcdc Preemption Rights<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Whether they pass to the heirs is assessed separately depending on the type of right and whether it was exercised during the deceased\u2019s lifetime; usufruct and right of residence end with death<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udccd Possession-Based Property<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Properties not registered in the name of the deceased in the land registry but physically possessed (which may be identified through ownership actions)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"Passive_Liabilities_in_Turkey_Debts_and_Obligations_Included_in_the_Estate\">Passive Liabilities in Turkey (Debts and Obligations Included in the Estate)<\/h3>\n<p>Under Turkish inheritance law, <strong>the passive side of the estate<\/strong> consists of <strong>the debts and obligations of the deceased that were unpaid<\/strong> at the time of death. Since heirs who do not renounce the inheritance are, as a rule, <strong>jointly and personally<\/strong> liable for these debts, identifying the liabilities is as important as identifying the assets.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 760px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udd38 Passive Liabilities \u2014 Debts and Obligations Included in the Estate in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 560px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 32%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Type of Liability<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 68%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83c\udfe6 Loans and Bank Debts<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Consumer, housing, vehicle loans, and other credits used by the deceased<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\u270d\ufe0f Promissory Notes and Suretyship Debts<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Notes and checks for which the deceased was either a debtor or guarantor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\u2696\ufe0f Liabilities from Ongoing Lawsuits<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Potential liabilities transferred to heirs from lawsuits initiated prior to the death of the deceased<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83e\uddfe Tax Liabilities<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Unpaid income tax, property tax, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/vat-in-turkey\/\">VAT<\/a>, and other tax obligations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Social Security Premium Debts<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Unpaid SGK premium debts of the deceased acting as a tradesperson or employer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcd1 Contractual Obligations<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Unfulfilled obligations arising from contracts such as sales, lease, or service agreements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udca5 Compensation Liabilities<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Pecuniary and non-pecuniary compensation arising from work accidents, torts, or breach of contract<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udccc Enforcement Proceedings and Seizures<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Ongoing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/debt-enforcement-in-turkey\/\">enforcement actions<\/a> and seizure procedures initiated against the deceased<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"How_to_Identify_the_Deceaseds_Assets_in_Turkey_What_Is_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit\">How to Identify the Deceased\u2019s Assets in Turkey: What Is an Estate Determination Lawsuit?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>The estate determination lawsuit in Turkey is a non-contentious proceeding without an opposing party, in which the Civil Court of Peace investigates the deceased\u2019s assets as at the time of death and records them in an inventory.<\/strong> Also referred to as a <strong>declaratory action for inheritance in Turkey<\/strong>, it is one of the <strong>protective measures<\/strong> listed in TCC Art. 589 that secure the passing of the inheritance to the heirs, and it plays a key role in answering the question of how to identify the deceased\u2019s assets in Turkey. This lawsuit is particularly important <strong>in cases where disputes arise among heirs<\/strong> or <strong>when there is no clear information regarding the deceased\u2019s assets in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>However, this declaratory action for inheritance in Turkey <strong>solely serves to establish the estate<\/strong> and <strong>does not result in any decision regarding how the inheritance will be distributed<\/strong>; nor can the court, <strong>without the consent of all heirs<\/strong>, deliver estate assets to one heir or issue a decision that amounts to a division. <strong>The process of inheritance determination in Turkey<\/strong> is carried out to clarify the scope of the estate assets and have them officially recorded, while <strong>the distribution of the inheritance<\/strong> is conducted separately, by agreement among the heirs or through a separate lawsuit.<\/p>\n<p>In its decision <strong>Court of Cassation 8th Civil Chamber, Docket No. 2013\/13009, Decision No. 2014\/17643, dated 01.10.2014<\/strong>, the court held that estate determination proceedings in Turkey are <strong>in the nature of a preservation of evidence, not an ownership (replevin) action<\/strong>. According to the chamber, the court\u2019s task is to <strong>record the reported assets, sell those that cannot be preserved, deposit cash in a bank, place jewelry in the safe of the estate court<\/strong> and <strong>entrust other items to a custodian<\/strong>. A first-instance decision delivering assets to some heirs without the consent of all heirs was <strong>reversed because it amounted to a division of the estate<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-7333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-800x205.jpg\" alt=\"Declaratory action for inheritance in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-800x205.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-300x77.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-1024x262.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-100x26.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-90x23.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1-120x31.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-tespit-davasi-1.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Why_Is_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Filed_in_Turkey\">Why Is an Estate Determination Lawsuit Filed in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an estate determination lawsuit is filed so that the heirs can learn the deceased\u2019s assets and debts on the basis of official records and so that the estate assets are protected.<\/strong> Heirs cannot always access bank, land registry or company records on their own, <strong>whereas the court can obtain this information by sending official requests to the institutions.<\/strong> Where one of the heirs <strong>holds estate assets, or where there is a risk that assets may be lost or lose value<\/strong>, the application also ensures that the assets are protected.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The determination also forms a basis for the heir\u2019s later decisions.<\/strong> An heir who discovers only after the deadline that the estate is insolvent may regret not having <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/disclaimer-of-inheritance\/\">renounced their inheritance rights in Turkey<\/a><\/strong> in time; <strong>knowing the content of the estate early is also necessary before preparing a partition action or a fraudulent concealment lawsuit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"How_Is_Estate_Determination_Different_from_Similar_Procedures_in_Turkey\">How Is Estate Determination Different from Similar Procedures in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, estate determination is a protective measure that records the assets for their preservation, whereas the official inventory with a public call to creditors (resm\u00ee defter), the liquidation of the estate by the authorities (resm\u00ee tasfiye) and the certificate of inheritance are separate institutions serving different purposes.<\/strong> These institutions are often confused in practice, and choosing the wrong route may cause <strong>a loss of rights for the heir<\/strong>. <strong>In particular, an heir who wishes to limit liability for the estate\u2019s debts should consider the official inventory or official liquidation instead of an estate determination lawsuit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Estate Determination (Inventory Keeping):<\/strong> The civil judge of peace <strong>records the assets and liabilities of the estate;<\/strong> creditors are not called by public notice and the heir\u2019s liability for debts does not change.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Official Inventory (Resm\u00ee Defter):<\/strong> An heir entitled to renounce the inheritance <strong>may request an official inventory from the civil judge of peace within one month, following the procedure for renunciation (TCC Art. 619).<\/strong> Creditors are called by public notice, and if the heir accepts the inheritance on the basis of this inventory, liability is limited to the debts entered in it.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Official Liquidation (Resm\u00ee Tasfiye):<\/strong> Instead of renouncing the inheritance or accepting it on the basis of the official inventory, an heir <strong>may request the official liquidation of the estate (TCC Art. 632).<\/strong> In official liquidation the heirs are not liable for the estate\u2019s debts; however, the request is disregarded <strong>if one of the co-heirs has accepted the inheritance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Certificate of Inheritance:<\/strong> Shows who the heirs are and their shares (TCC Art. 598); it does not show the content of the estate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"max-width: 760px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 800;\">\u2696\ufe0f Estate Determination Compared with Similar Institutions in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; padding: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 5px); min-width: 260px; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; background: #fffdfb;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; background: #f6ede9; color: #8b3516; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\udd0d Estate determination (inventory keeping)<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Protection and recording of the estate assets<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Effect on Liability for Debts:<\/strong> No effect<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0 2px;\"><strong>Legal Basis:<\/strong> TCC Arts. 589\u2013590<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 5px); min-width: 260px; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; background: #fffdfb;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; background: #f6ede9; color: #8b3516; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\udcd2 Official inventory (resm\u00ee defter)<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Public call to creditors and a full statement of the estate<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Effect on Liability for Debts:<\/strong> On acceptance based on the inventory, liability is limited to listed debts<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0 2px;\"><strong>Legal Basis:<\/strong> TCC Art. 619 et seq.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 5px); min-width: 260px; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; background: #fffdfb;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; background: #f6ede9; color: #8b3516; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83e\uddee Official liquidation (resm\u00ee tasfiye)<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Payment of estate debts from the estate<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Effect on Liability for Debts:<\/strong> Heirs are not personally liable<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0 2px;\"><strong>Legal Basis:<\/strong> TCC Art. 632 et seq.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 5px); min-width: 260px; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; background: #fffdfb;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; background: #f6ede9; color: #8b3516; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 800;\">\ud83d\udcc4 Certificate of inheritance<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Documenting the heirs and their shares<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd3;\"><strong>Effect on Liability for Debts:<\/strong> No effect<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0 2px;\"><strong>Legal Basis:<\/strong> TCC Art. 598<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Is_an_Estate_File_in_Turkey_What_Do_Determination_Sale_and_Delivery_by_the_Public_Prosecutor_Files_Mean\">What Is an Estate File in Turkey? What Do \u201cDetermination\u201d, \u201cSale\u201d and \u201cDelivery by the Public Prosecutor\u201d Files Mean?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an estate file (tereke dosyas\u0131) is a non-contentious file opened at the Civil Court of Peace for protective measures concerning an estate.<\/strong> In the UYAP court system these files are named according to the type of request, and heirs may come across descriptions such as <strong>\u201cestate \u2013 determination requested\u201d or \u201cestate \u2013 sale\u201d<\/strong> through e-Devlet or court notifications. <strong>The name of the file shows what has been requested from the court; it does not mean that the heir has accepted the inheritance or is held liable for a debt.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Estate File for Determination (Tespit \u0130stemli):<\/strong> The file opened with a request for <strong>estate determination and inventory keeping<\/strong>; the process described on this page is conducted in this file.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Estate Sale File (Sat\u0131\u015f):<\/strong> The file concerning <strong>the sale, by decision of the civil judge of peace,<\/strong> of estate assets that cannot be preserved, may perish or may lose value.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Estate File for Delivery by the Public Prosecutor (C. Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Teslim \u0130stemli):<\/strong> <strong>The file opened when money or belongings taken into custody by the public prosecutor after a death are handed over to the Civil Court of Peace for protection;<\/strong> heirs may request delivery of these items by proving their status as heirs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"Who_Can_File_a_Declaratory_Lawsuit_to_Identify_Estate_in_Turkey_and_Against_Whom\">Who Can File a Declaratory Lawsuit to Identify Estate in Turkey, and Against Whom?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, a declaratory lawsuit to identify estate can be filed by any of the legal or appointed heirs of the deceased or, if appointed, by the estate representative.<\/strong> An application by a single heir is sufficient; since the court determines the entire estate, <strong>there is no need for each heir to file a separate lawsuit<\/strong>. <strong>Legal heirs also include a person who became a child of the deceased through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/adoption-in-turkey\/\">adoption<\/a> and that person\u2019s descendants;<\/strong> <strong>an adopted child may apply as an heir of the adoptive parent.<\/strong> If they wish, heirs may also initiate the declaratory action to determine estate assets in Turkey jointly, and estate determination may be requested <strong>even while other inheritance-related cases are ongoing<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Under Turkish law, <strong>estate proceedings fall within the scope of non-contentious jurisdiction, which means that the case proceeds without an opposing party<\/strong>. For this reason, <strong>the estate determination lawsuit in Turkey is not filed against anyone<\/strong>; the other heirs are not defendants but are involved as interested parties and are notified of the proceedings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The status of heir is decisive for the right to apply.<\/strong> The table below summarises who may request estate determination in Turkey and the structure of the proceedings.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 760px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udc65 Who May Request Estate Determination in Turkey?<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 560px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 30%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Person<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 18%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">May Apply?<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 52%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Explanation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udc69\u200d\ud83d\udc67 Legal heir<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Yes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">May apply alone; other heirs need not apply separately<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcdc Appointed heir<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Yes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">A person appointed as heir by will or inheritance contract<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83e\uddd1\u200d\u2696\ufe0f Estate representative<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Yes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">If appointed by the civil judge of peace, on behalf of the community of heirs (TCC Art. 640)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udeab Disinherited person<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">No<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Has no status as heir; must first challenge the disinheritance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\u2696\ufe0f Opposing party<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">The proceedings have no opposing party; the lawsuit is not filed against anyone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"1_Can_a_Disinherited_Heir_Request_Estate_Determination_in_Turkey\">1. Can a Disinherited Heir Request Estate Determination in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, a person validly disinherited by the deceased loses the status of heir and therefore cannot request estate determination.<\/strong> According to <strong>TCC Art. 510,<\/strong> disinheritance is possible where the heir has committed <strong>a serious crime<\/strong> against the deceased or a close relative, or has seriously failed to fulfil <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/\">family-law obligations<\/a><\/strong>. Whether <strong>acts such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/insult-crime-in-turkey\/\">insult<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/fraud-crime-in-turkey\/\">fraud<\/a><\/strong> against the deceased reach this level is assessed on the facts of each case. If the disinherited person objects, <strong>the burden of proving the ground for disinheritance lies with the heir who benefits from it<\/strong> <strong>(TCC Art. 512);<\/strong> a person whose objection succeeds may request estate determination as an heir.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Is_an_Estate_Representative_in_Turkey_and_What_Does_He_or_She_Do\">2. What Is an Estate Representative in Turkey and What Does He or She Do?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an estate representative is a person appointed by the civil judge of peace, at the request of one of the heirs, to represent the community of heirs until the division of the estate (TCC Art. 640).<\/strong> Since heirs must <strong>act unanimously<\/strong> in managing the estate, <strong>appointing an estate representative makes it easier to handle matters<\/strong> when they cannot agree. The estate representative <strong>may request estate determination, pursue the estate\u2019s receivables and represent the community of heirs in lawsuits concerning the estate.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The estate representative\u2019s fee is set by the Civil Court of Peace in Turkey <strong>upon the representative\u2019s request<\/strong>, taking into account the work involved and the assets managed, and <strong>is paid from the estate<\/strong>. The representative acts under the supervision of the court; <strong>heirs may object to the person appointed and may request the replacement of a representative who does not perform the duty properly.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Competent_and_Authorized_Court_for_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">Competent and Authorized Court for Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the competent court for an estate determination lawsuit is the Civil Court of Peace, and the authorized court is the court at the deceased\u2019s last place of residence (TCC Art. 589).<\/strong> The Civil Court of Peace is the court that takes all protective measures, such as <strong>inventory keeping, sealing and official administration of the estate<\/strong>. This rule reflects the general jurisdiction principle based on the <strong>residence criterion<\/strong> under Turkish inheritance law.<\/p>\n<p><strong>If the deceased&#8217;s last residence was abroad, the court at the last place of residence in Turkey, or failing that, the court where the estate assets are located in Turkey, has jurisdiction.<\/strong> In this way, the estate determination in Turkey is handled by the <strong>local court associated with the assets of the deceased<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_What_Is_an_Estate_Court_in_Turkey\">1. What Is an Estate Court in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The authority referred to in practice in Turkey as the \u201cestate court\u201d or \u201cestate judgeship\u201d is the Civil Court of Peace handling estate matters.<\/strong> In some large courthouses, estate files are concentrated in certain <strong>Civil Courts of Peace<\/strong>; however, this does not mean that it is a separate type of court. <strong>Heirs direct all their requests concerning the estate file to this court.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Happens_If_the_Deceased_Died_Outside_the_Place_of_Residence_in_Turkey\">2. What Happens If the Deceased Died Outside the Place of Residence in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, if the deceased died outside the place of residence, the court of peace at the place of death notifies the court of the place of residence and takes the necessary protective measures for the estate assets located there (TCC Art. 589).<\/strong> This rule ensures, for example, that the money and belongings of a person who dies while on holiday or in another city are protected. <strong>The estate determination itself is mainly conducted at the court of the last place of residence.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 24px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Competent and Authorized Court for Estate Determination in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; background: #faf7f4; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 0; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udccd<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Deceased resident in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Civil Court of Peace at the last place of residence<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">LEGAL BASIS<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">TCC Art. 589<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83e\uddf3<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Death outside the place of residence<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Court of peace at the place of death takes protective measures and notifies the court of residence<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">LEGAL BASIS<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">TCC Art. 589<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83c\udf0d<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Last residence abroad<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Last place of residence in Turkey, or failing that, where the assets are located<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">LEGAL BASIS<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">M\u00d6HUK Art. 43<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"How_Is_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Filed_and_What_Is_the_Court_Procedure_in_Turkey\">How Is an Estate Determination Lawsuit Filed and What Is the Court Procedure in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, an estate determination lawsuit is filed by a petition to the Civil Court of Peace at the deceased\u2019s last place of residence; the court then gathers information from institutions and records the estate in an inventory.<\/strong> Through this lawsuit, it becomes clear what the heirs are entitled to inherit in Turkey, ensuring that the future inheritance distribution process proceeds in a sound and orderly manner. <strong>In the process of determination of inheritance in Turkey, the court follows the steps below:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Filing_of_the_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Filing of the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The estate determination lawsuit in Turkey is filed by submitting a written petition to the Civil Court of Peace in the last place of residence of the deceased.<\/strong> Upon submission of the petition, the application fee and advance on expenses must be paid to the court&#8217;s cashier. Since the declaratory lawsuit to identify estate in Turkey is not subject to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/mediation-process-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the mandatory mediation process<\/strong><\/a> under the Law on Mediation in Civil Disputes No. 6325, <strong>there is no obligation to apply for mediation before filing the case.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After reviewing the case file, the Turkish court <strong>issues a preliminary examination report and notifies the other heirs with the petition and the report.<\/strong> It is important for heirs to follow these notifications so that they can submit the assets and debts known to them.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_What_Should_an_Estate_Determination_Petition_in_Turkey_Include\">2. What Should an Estate Determination Petition in Turkey Include?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>An estate determination petition in Turkey should clearly state the identity of the deceased, the date of death, the last place of residence, the applicant\u2019s status as heir and the assets whose determination is requested.<\/strong> A civil registry record and, if available, the certificate of inheritance are attached; <strong>known real estate, bank accounts, vehicles and company shares, as well as the institutions to be asked for information, are listed separately.<\/strong> Writing the request clearly and institution by institution <strong>helps the court send complete official requests and shortens the process.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Statements_of_the_Parties_and_Evidence_Collection_in_the_Identification_of_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">3. Statements of the Parties and Evidence Collection in the Identification of Inheritance in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>To ensure the accurate identification of inheritance in Turkey, the court requires the applicant and other heirs to provide all available information, documentation, and claims related to the deceased\u2019s estate.<\/strong> The heirs inform the court of any known <strong>real estate, bank accounts, company shares, receivables, or debts<\/strong>. The documents submitted during this stage\u2014<strong>such as land registry records, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/ottoman-title-deed\/\">Ottoman title deeds<\/a>, bank statements, and insurance policies<\/strong>\u2014form the foundation of the process.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Official_Information_Gathering_via_Court_Correspondence_in_the_Identification_of_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">4. Official Information Gathering via Court Correspondence in the Identification of Inheritance in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>As part of the declaratory action to determine estate assets in Turkey, the court sends official requests to relevant public institutions to uncover the rights and liabilities of the deceased as of the date of death.<\/strong> Since the replies also cover records that heirs cannot access on their own, they are the most reliable source in estate determination. <strong>These institutions include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Directorates of Land Registry and Cadastre:<\/strong> For property ownership details and <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/title-search-process-in-turkey\/\">title deed records<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Banks and the Banks Association of Turkey:<\/strong> For deposit, investment and safe deposit box information<\/li>\n<li><strong>Revenue Administration (G\u0130B):<\/strong> For tax records and income declarations<\/li>\n<li><strong>Social Security Institution (SGK):<\/strong> For pension rights, unpaid pensions and insurance records<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trade Registry Offices and MERS\u0130S:<\/strong> For commercial partnerships and company records<\/li>\n<li><strong>Notaries:<\/strong> For powers of attorney, wills and inheritance contracts<\/li>\n<li><strong>Police and Traffic Registration Records:<\/strong> For vehicles registered in the deceased\u2019s name<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"5_On-Site_Inspections_and_Discovery_in_the_Declaratory_Action_for_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">5. On-Site Inspections and Discovery in the Declaratory Action for Inheritance in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>As part of the declaratory action for inheritance in Turkey, the court may conduct on-site inspections for assets within the estate.<\/strong> This is particularly necessary for <strong>agricultural land, high-value properties, warehouses, or business premises<\/strong>. An <strong>expert witness<\/strong> may be appointed <strong>to provide a technical opinion on the value, condition, and usage of such assets, including their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/property-types-and-zoning-turkey\/\">property type and zoning status<\/a> in the land registry<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"6_Final_Evaluation_of_Documents_and_Determination_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">6. Final Evaluation of Documents and Determination of the Estate in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>All documents, replies from institutions, and on-site inspection results are evaluated together by the court in Turkey.<\/strong> Based on this assessment, <strong>movable and immovable properties, shares in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/company-types-in-turkey\/\">companies based in Turkey<\/a>, insurance rights, receivables, and debts<\/strong> forming part of the estate are entered in the estate inventory. The court\u2019s decision establishes <strong>the content of the estate<\/strong>; however, it does not constitute res judicata on ownership disputes.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"7_What_Happens_If_an_Heir_Does_Not_Attend_the_Estate_Hearing_in_Turkey\">7. What Happens If an Heir Does Not Attend the Estate Hearing in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Since estate determination in Turkey is a non-contentious proceeding without an opposing party, the absence of a notified heir from the hearing does not prevent the proceedings from continuing.<\/strong> The court <strong>carries out the necessary investigation of its own motion and completes the estate determination;<\/strong> no debt or obligation arises against the heir who does not attend. <strong>However, that heir does not use the opportunity to submit known assets and debts or to make statements on the determination.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>If the applicant heir fails to pursue the file, the consequences may differ.<\/strong> In that case, the file <strong>may be removed from the list under the general rules of the Turkish Code of Civil Procedure and may be deemed not filed if it is not renewed in time;<\/strong> therefore, the applicant heir should follow the hearings and requests for advances.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 700px; margin: 20px auto; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 11px 14px; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.4;\">\ud83e\udded Court Procedure in the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 16px 14px; background: #fffdfb; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; width: 54px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"width: 34px; height: 34px; margin: auto; border-radius: 50%; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; line-height: 34px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">01<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; padding: 0 8px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 3px;\">Application<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #555; line-height: 1.45;\">Petition, fee and advance at the Civil Court of Peace of the last residence<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 10.5px; color: #777; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 2px;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Why It Matters for Heirs:<\/strong> No mediation requirement<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 14px; margin-left: 26px; border-left: 2px solid #d9c4bb;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; width: 54px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"width: 34px; height: 34px; margin: auto; border-radius: 50%; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; color: #8b3516; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">02<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 12px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 7px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 3px;\">Preliminary report and notification<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #555; line-height: 1.45;\">Other heirs are served with the petition and report<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 10.5px; color: #777; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 2px;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Why It Matters for Heirs:<\/strong> No defendant; heirs take part as interested parties<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 14px; margin-left: 26px; border-left: 2px solid #d9c4bb;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; width: 54px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"width: 34px; height: 34px; margin: auto; border-radius: 50%; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; line-height: 34px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">03<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; padding: 0 8px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 3px;\">Statements and documents<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #555; line-height: 1.45;\">Heirs submit known assets, receivables and debts<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 10.5px; color: #777; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 2px;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Why It Matters for Heirs:<\/strong> Every known item should be brought into the file<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 14px; margin-left: 26px; border-left: 2px solid #d9c4bb;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; width: 54px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"width: 34px; height: 34px; margin: auto; border-radius: 50%; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; color: #8b3516; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">04<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 12px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 7px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 3px;\">Official requests<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #555; line-height: 1.45;\">Land registry, banks, G\u0130B, SGK, trade registry, notaries and traffic records are asked<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 10.5px; color: #777; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 2px;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Why It Matters for Heirs:<\/strong> Records heirs cannot access are obtained<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 14px; margin-left: 26px; border-left: 2px solid #d9c4bb;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; width: 54px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"width: 34px; height: 34px; margin: auto; border-radius: 50%; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; line-height: 34px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">05<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; padding: 0 8px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 3px;\">Inspection and expert<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #555; line-height: 1.45;\">On-site inspection and valuation when needed<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 10.5px; color: #777; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 2px;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Why It Matters for Heirs:<\/strong> The stage that most affects duration<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 14px; margin-left: 26px; border-left: 2px solid #d9c4bb;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; width: 54px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"width: 34px; height: 34px; margin: auto; border-radius: 50%; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; color: #8b3516; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">06<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; padding: 10px 12px; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; background: #fff8f5;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 3px;\">Decision and inventory<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 11px; color: #555; line-height: 1.45;\">The content of the estate is entered in the inventory<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 10.5px; color: #777; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 2px;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Why It Matters for Heirs:<\/strong> No distribution order is made; delivery is possible only with the consent of all heirs<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"How_Are_Active_and_Passive_Assets_Identified_in_Inheritance_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">How Are Active and Passive Assets Identified in Inheritance Determination Lawsuit in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In an inheritance determination lawsuit in Turkey, the assets of the estate are identified by evaluating together the documents submitted by the heirs, the replies of institutions to official requests and, where necessary, on-site inspections and expert examinations.<\/strong> Active assets (property and receivables) and passive assets (debts) are investigated separately and recorded in the estate inventory. Identifying both sides correctly allows <strong>the net value of the estate and the decision to accept or renounce the inheritance to be assessed soundly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Determination_of_Active_Assets_in_Inheritance_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Determination of Active Assets in Inheritance Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The determination of active assets is one of the most crucial steps in an inheritance determination lawsuit in Turkey, and it is conducted through specific stages.<\/strong> Below are the stages followed for determining active assets in determination of inheritance in Turkey:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Information Gathering:<\/strong> Initially, <strong>all documents related to the deceased\u2019s assets must be collected<\/strong>. These documents may include <strong>title deed records, vehicle registrations, bank account statements, stock certificates or bond documents, debt instruments, insurance policies, wills, promissory notes, tax returns, and other financial records.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Evaluation and Valuation:<\/strong> The value of each asset item may need to be established; <strong>real estate appraisals<\/strong> may be conducted for immovable properties, <strong>second-hand market values<\/strong> may be determined for vehicles, and current market values may be calculated for financial assets. If deemed necessary by the court, <strong>valuation reports are prepared through expert appraisers<\/strong>, and obtaining support from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-lawyer-in-turkey\/\"><strong>a real estate attorney in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> is important for accurate valuation of immovable properties.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Court Proceedings:<\/strong> The valuation results are submitted to the court, and <strong>the court determines the active assets of the deceased and records them in the estate inventory<\/strong>. At this stage, interested parties <strong>may raise objections, submit additional documents, or request further investigations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Low-Value Items:<\/strong> Legally, the deceased\u2019s low-value personal belongings are also part of the estate. <strong>Whether items of negligible value such as daily use items are recorded in detail<\/strong> is, in practice, left to the judge\u2019s discretion.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Preservation of the Estate:<\/strong> Valuable assets such as <strong>jewelry, works of art, and similar items may be secured by the court<\/strong> and <strong>kept in the safe of the estate court<\/strong>, while cash and foreign currency are deposited into the estate account. Other movable properties may be entrusted to <strong>one of the heirs or a third party appointed by the court as custodian<\/strong>; this measure ensures the preservation of the assets and helps prevent any loss before distribution.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The <strong>complete and accurate determination of active assets in Turkey<\/strong> is necessary for the <strong>fair and lawful distribution of the inheritance<\/strong>. Therefore, heirs should bring every asset known to them into the file in <strong>determination of inheritance in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Determination_of_Passive_Assets_in_Inheritance_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">2. Determination of Passive Assets in Inheritance Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The determination of passive assets ensures that the debts of the deceased at the time of death are fully and accurately disclosed, and it is just as important as the identification of active assets in the process of determining the estate in Turkey.<\/strong> Whether the estate is insolvent can only be understood once the liabilities are known. <strong>If the deceased was married, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/marriage-contract-in-turkey\/\">liquidation of the matrimonial property regime<\/a> comes first; the surviving spouse\u2019s participation claim is a liability of the estate, while the deceased\u2019s claim against the spouse is an asset.<\/strong> The main stages in identifying the liabilities are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Identification of Debts:<\/strong> The deceased\u2019s <strong>bank loans, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/mortgage-in-turkey\/\">mortgages<\/a>, credit card debts, tax liabilities, promissory notes and other financial commitments<\/strong> in Turkey are identified. Information on these debts is collected from the heirs, financial institutions and the relevant public institutions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Separating Public and Private Debts:<\/strong> <strong>Mortgage-secured debts, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tax-liability-responsibility-in-companies-in-turkey\/\">tax liabilities<\/a> and SGK premium debts<\/strong> are shown separately. The order of payment of debts is not a matter for the estate determination lawsuit, but for the official liquidation of the estate or enforcement and bankruptcy proceedings.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Court Proceedings:<\/strong> The court evaluates the collected information and <strong>records the passive assets of the estate<\/strong> in the estate inventory. <strong>This record does not constitute res judicata on the existence or amount of a debt;<\/strong> disputes are resolved separately between the creditor and the heirs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Identification of Creditors:<\/strong> The <strong>creditors of the deceased<\/strong> become apparent from the replies of institutions and the documents in the file. However, creditors are not called by public notice in estate determination; <strong>if all creditors are to be called, the official inventory route must be used.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The <strong>determination of passive assets in Turkey<\/strong> protects the rights of the heirs by revealing the deceased\u2019s debts transparently and accurately. It allows <strong>active and passive assets to be assessed together<\/strong> and enables the heir to decide, on an informed basis, whether to accept or renounce the inheritance or request official liquidation.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"How_Can_the_Assets_of_a_Deceased_Person_Be_Found_in_Turkey\">How Can the Assets of a Deceased Person Be Found in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the assets of a deceased person are found by applying to land registry offices, banks and other institutions with a certificate of inheritance, and if this does not produce results, by filing an estate determination lawsuit.<\/strong> The certificate of inheritance proves the heir\u2019s status before institutions, and many institutions share the deceased\u2019s records on that basis. <strong>Some searches can also be made through e-Devlet; however, these searches do not always cover all institutions and all assets.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>If it is not known in which banks the deceased had accounts or in which province the deceased owned real estate, the most comprehensive result is obtained through the official requests sent by the court to all institutions in Turkey.<\/strong> For this reason, <strong>the estate determination lawsuit<\/strong> is a more reliable way to uncover unknown assets than searching institution by institution, which is particularly relevant for foreign heirs living abroad.<\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-7335\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-800x205.jpg\" alt=\"determining estate assets in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-800x205.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-300x77.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-1024x262.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-100x26.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-90x23.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci-120x31.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/mirasin-tespiti-sureci.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Which_Date_Is_Taken_as_the_Basis_in_Determining_Estate_Assets_in_Turkey\">Which Date Is Taken as the Basis in Determining Estate Assets in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In the process of estate determination in Turkey, the scope of the estate is determined according to the deceased\u2019s assets as at the date of death.<\/strong> The rights and debts held by the deceased at the time of death make up the estate; <strong>increases or decreases in value after death do not change the scope of the estate.<\/strong> This principle ensures that the content of the estate is determined objectively and in line with legal certainty.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, transfers made by the deceased before death are not included in the estate as it existed at the time of death for the purposes of estate determination;<\/strong> such transfers are taken into account only in lawsuits such as <strong>reduction or equalisation<\/strong>. While reserved shares are calculated on the basis of the estate at the time of death in reduction cases, in the division of the estate real property is allocated to the heirs <strong>at its actual value at the time of division (TCC Arts. 507, 657).<\/strong> It should therefore be assessed separately in Turkish practice for what purpose and by reference to which date a calculation is made.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 24px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udcc5 Which Date Applies to Which Calculation in Turkey?<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; background: #faf7f4; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 0; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udd0d<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Estate determination<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Date of death<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">EXPLANATION<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">Rights and debts at the time of death make up the estate<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u2696\ufe0f<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Reserved share and reduction<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Estate at the date of death<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">EXPLANATION<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">Lifetime transfers are added to the calculation<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83e\udd1d<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Division<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Time of division<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">EXPLANATION<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">Assets are taken into account at their value at the time of division<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Is_an_Estate_Inventory_in_Turkey_and_Who_Keeps_It\">What Is an Estate Inventory in Turkey and Who Keeps It?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the estate inventory is the official list in which the deceased\u2019s assets and liabilities at the time of death are recorded item by item by decision of the civil judge of peace.<\/strong> <strong>Inventory keeping in the estate determination lawsuit in Turkey<\/strong> is one of the protective measures listed in TCC Art. 589 and <strong>is regulated in TCC Art. 590.<\/strong> The inventory <strong>documents the status of the estate elements at the time of death<\/strong> and serves as a point of reference for the court and the parties in case of disputes.<\/p>\n<p>Under TCC Art. 590, the civil judge of peace in Turkey orders an inventory of the estate where one of the heirs <strong>is under guardianship or needs to be placed under guardianship<\/strong>, where one of the heirs <strong>has long been absent and has no representative<\/strong>, or where <strong>one of the heirs or interested parties makes a request within one month of the date of death<\/strong>, and the inventory is <strong>completed without delay<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In the practice of the Turkish Court of Cassation this one-month period is regulatory, not a forfeiture period;<\/strong> after it has passed, <strong>the protective determination of the estate may still be requested under TCC Art. 589.<\/strong> If there are movable assets belonging to the estate that cannot be preserved, <strong>the court arranges for their sale and conversion into cash.<\/strong> Historically, in the Ottoman period estate registers were kept by kadis within the court records; today this task belongs to the Civil Courts of Peace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, a person who claims that an item recorded in the estate inventory belongs to him or her and not to the estate may file a replevin lawsuit and request that the item be removed from the estate and delivered to him or her.<\/strong> Recording in the estate inventory does not finally resolve an ownership dispute over an item; ownership claims are therefore <strong>raised separately before the general courts.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 850px; margin: 23px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 8px; background: #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 10px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 15.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #fff;\">\ud83d\udcd2 Estate Inventory in Turkey at a Glance<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Who keeps it?<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Rule:<\/strong> The Civil Court of Peace (estate court), by decision of the civil judge of peace<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udccc When is it kept?<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Rule:<\/strong> An heir under or needing guardianship, an heir long absent without a representative, or a request by an heir or interested party (TCC Art. 590)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u23f1\ufe0f When can it be requested?<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Rule:<\/strong> The statutory request period is one month from death; the Court of Cassation treats it as regulatory, so protective determination may be requested until division<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcdd What is recorded?<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Rule:<\/strong> All assets and liabilities of the estate<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u26a0\ufe0f Effect<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Rule:<\/strong> Does not limit the heir\u2019s liability for debts; an official inventory (TCC Art. 619) is needed for that<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Statute_of_Limitations_and_Duration_of_the_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">Statute of Limitations and Duration of the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the estate determination lawsuit is not subject to any statute of limitations or forfeiture period, and once filed, its duration varies with the size of the estate and the speed of replies from institutions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>The question of time covers two separate issues:<\/strong> until when the lawsuit may be filed, and how long it lasts once filed. The period for renouncing the inheritance is a separate matter; however, where the estate has been inventoried as a protective measure, it begins <strong>when the civil judge of peace in Turkey notifies the heirs that the inventory has been completed (TCC Art. 607).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-4855\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-800x221.jpg\" alt=\"estate assets in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-800x221.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-300x83.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-1024x283.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-100x28.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-90x25.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti-120x33.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/miras-mallarinin-tespiti.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Is_There_a_Statute_of_Limitations_in_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">1. Is There a Statute of Limitations in Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>A declaratory lawsuit to identify estate in Turkey can be filed at any time after the death of the deceased, as there is no specific statute of limitations or forfeiture period for initiating such a lawsuit.<\/strong> Neither the Turkish Civil Code nor other relevant legislation imposes a time restriction for initiating the process of declaratory action for inheritance in Turkey, <strong>which allows heirs to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/file-a-lawsuit-in-turkey\/\">file a lawsuit<\/a> for the determination of inheritance in Turkey at any time after the decedent\u2019s passing.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In its decision <strong>Court of Cassation 14th Civil Chamber, Docket No. 2015\/7037, Decision No. 2016\/6569, dated 07.06.2016<\/strong>, <strong>the court reversed a first-instance judgment that had rejected a request for determination and inventory made more than a year after the death on the ground that the one-month period had expired<\/strong>. The chamber held that <strong>the one-month period in TCC Art. 590 is regulatory, not a forfeiture period<\/strong>, and that protective measures concerning the estate <strong>may be requested at any time until division<\/strong>. An heir in Turkey who has missed the one-month period may therefore <strong>still request the protective determination of the estate under TCC Art. 589<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>However, the absence of a time bar does not mean that delay has no consequences.<\/strong> Over time, the risk of movable assets being lost and records becoming inaccessible increases; it is therefore in the heirs\u2019 interest that <strong>legal proceedings related to inheritance determination in Turkey are initiated without undue delay<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Does_an_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_Stop_the_Period_for_Renouncing_the_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">2. Does an Estate Determination Lawsuit Stop the Period for Renouncing the Inheritance in Turkey?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, where the estate has been inventoried as a protective measure, the three-month period for renouncing the inheritance begins for legal and appointed heirs when the civil judge of peace notifies them that the inventory has been completed (TCC Art. 607).<\/strong> Where no inventory has been made, the period for legal heirs runs, as a rule, <strong>from the date on which they learned of the death<\/strong> (TCC Art. 606). <strong>The heir should therefore follow the notification of completion in the estate file and calculate the period from that date.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Under Turkish inheritance law, if waiting for the inventory is not possible or the period is insufficient for another reason, the heir may ask the civil judge of peace, <strong>where there are important reasons<\/strong>, to extend the renunciation period or grant a new one (TCC Art. 615). An heir who wishes to limit liability for the debts may <strong>request an official inventory within one month<\/strong>, following the procedure for renunciation <strong>(TCC Art. 619).<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_How_Long_Does_a_Court_Case_for_Estate_Identification_in_Turkey_Take\">3. How Long Does a Court Case for Estate Identification in Turkey Take?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The duration of a court case for estate identification in Turkey depends on the specific characteristics of each case and varies according to numerous factors.<\/strong> In practice, <strong>late replies from institutions and expert examinations<\/strong> are the main reasons for longer proceedings. The main factors affecting the length of the process include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Scope of the Estate:<\/strong> The <strong>size and variety of the decedent\u2019s assets<\/strong> have a direct impact on the length of the proceedings; the presence of <strong>multiple real estate properties, securities, or debt items<\/strong> prolongs the investigation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Collection of Evidence and Replies from Institutions:<\/strong> The time required for the <strong>heirs to submit documents<\/strong> and for <strong>institutions to reply to official requests<\/strong> can significantly affect the timeline; correspondence with many institutions or abroad prolongs the process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Expert Reports:<\/strong> Seeking <strong>expert reports<\/strong> to determine the value of the assets and examining objections to these reports is a substantial factor in prolonging the case.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disputes Between Heirs:<\/strong> <strong>Disagreements among the heirs regarding the scope of the estate or the nature of the assets<\/strong>, especially where ownership claims are raised separately, can slow down the process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Court Workload:<\/strong> <strong>The workload of the court, the completion of notifications and the scheduling of hearings<\/strong> also influence the duration of the proceedings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For these reasons, it is not possible to estimate a fixed timeframe for an inheritance determination lawsuit in Turkey. Nevertheless, <strong>listing the institutions completely in the petition and submitting known documents from the outset<\/strong> contributes significantly to shortening the process.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 850px; margin: 23px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 8px; background: #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 10px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 15.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #fff;\">\u23f3 Time Limits in the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcc6 Filing the lawsuit<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Period:<\/strong> No time limit<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 5px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Delay increases the risk of assets being lost<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udeab Renouncing the inheritance<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Period:<\/strong> 3 months from learning of the death (TCC Art. 606); after an inventory, from notification of its completion (TCC Art. 607)<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 5px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> An extension or new period may be requested for important reasons (TCC Art. 615)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcd2 Official inventory request<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Period:<\/strong> Within one month (TCC Art. 619)<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 5px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Used to limit liability<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u231b Duration of the lawsuit<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Period:<\/strong> Depends on the estate<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 5px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Replies from institutions and expert examinations are decisive<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Are_the_Court_Fees_and_Legal_Costs_in_Estate_Determination_Lawsuit_in_Turkey\">What Are the Court Fees and Legal Costs in Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the cost of an estate determination lawsuit consists of the fixed fee for non-contentious proceedings, expenses for notifications, official requests, on-site inspections and expert examinations, and attorney fees if the case is handled by a lawyer.<\/strong> The fee is not calculated on the value of the estate, but is a fixed amount set each year <strong>by the tariff of the Law on Fees<\/strong>. The item that mainly determines the total cost is <strong>whether an on-site inspection and expert examination are needed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Court Costs:<\/strong> These include <strong>notifications, official requests, on-site inspections, expert examinations and similar procedural expenses<\/strong>. An inheritance determination lawsuit in Turkey is <strong>subject to a fixed fee system<\/strong>, meaning that <strong>a flat fee is paid<\/strong> regardless of the value of the estate; as the case progresses, <strong>additional costs may arise for on-site inspections or expert reports<\/strong>, and the court may <strong>request the applicant heir to deposit an advance<\/strong> to cover these.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Attorney Fees:<\/strong> These are the amounts paid to lawyers for handling the declaratory lawsuit to identify estate in Turkey. <strong>Attorney fees vary depending on the scope and duration of the case and the fee schedule set by the Bar Association<\/strong>; the fee is agreed by contract between the lawyer and the client, and <strong>a fee below the Minimum Attorney Fee Tariff cannot be agreed (Attorneyship Law Art. 164).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Under TCC Art. 589, the expenses of protective measures are paid by the applicant, to be recovered later from the estate; where the judge orders the measure of his or her own motion, the State bears them.<\/strong> Accordingly, in Turkey, court fees and expenses paid by the applicant heir can be recovered from the estate before the estate is distributed, and the court states in its decision that these expenses are to be covered from the estate.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 760px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udcb0 Costs of the Estate Determination Lawsuit in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 560px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 28%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Item<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 40%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Nature<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 32%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Paid By \/ From<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83e\uddfe Application fee<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Fixed fee set each year by tariff<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Paid by the applicant heir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udce8 Notifications and official requests<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Service on heirs and letters to institutions<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Covered by the advance on expenses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udd0e Inspection and expert<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Valuation of real estate and valuable items<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Covered by the advance requested by the court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udc54 Attorney fee<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Agreed by contract; not below the minimum tariff<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Paid by the client<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\u21a9\ufe0f Final allocation of costs<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Expenses of protective measures<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Paid by the applicant and recovered from the estate; borne by the State where the measure is ordered of the court\u2019s own motion (TCC Art. 589)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Are_the_Results_of_a_Lawsuit_for_the_Determination_of_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">What Are the Results of a Lawsuit for the Determination of Inheritance in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, the main result of the estate determination lawsuit is that the deceased\u2019s assets and liabilities at the time of death are recorded in an official inventory and that the estate assets are protected.<\/strong> While it is vital for protecting the rights of heirs in Turkey, it is distinct in that it <strong>does not rule on the distribution of the inheritance<\/strong>. <strong>The main outcomes of the inheritance determination in Turkey can be summarized as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1_Clear_Identification_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">1. Clear Identification of the Estate in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The most significant result is the complete determination of the deceased\u2019s active and passive assets within Turkey.<\/strong> Bank and land registry records that heirs cannot access on their own are obtained through the court\u2019s official requests; <strong>since <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/data-protection-in-turkey\/\">data protection laws<\/a> provide an exception for personal data processed by judicial authorities in the course of proceedings (KVKK Art. 28\/1-d), the court can collect this information.<\/strong> Thus <strong>real estate, movable property, bank accounts, securities, receivables, and debts<\/strong> are officially established.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2_Informing_the_Heirs_in_Turkey\">2. Informing the Heirs in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>As a result of the determination under Turkish law, all heirs have the same official information about the content of the estate.<\/strong> Who the heirs are and their shares are determined not in the estate determination lawsuit but by the <strong>certificate of inheritance<\/strong>. Heirs who see that the estate is insolvent can assess, on the basis of this information, whether to <strong>renounce the inheritance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3_Protection_of_Heirs_Rights_in_Turkey\">3. Protection of Heirs\u2019 Rights in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The lawsuit provides heirs with concrete information about the deceased\u2019s estate based on official records in Turkey.<\/strong> This information forms the basis for protecting their rights in Turkey and for confidently undertaking subsequent legal procedures.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4_Foundation_for_the_Distribution_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">4. Foundation for the Distribution of the Estate in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, the determination of the content of the estate creates a foundation for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/inheritance-law-in-turkey\/\">inheritance distribution process<\/a>.<\/strong> The information obtained is the starting point for an <strong>inheritance division agreement<\/strong> between the heirs or a <strong>partition action<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"5_Possibility_to_Initiate_Replevin_Lawsuits\">5. Possibility to Initiate Replevin Lawsuits<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, an heir or a third party who claims that an item recorded in the estate inventory belongs to him or her may file a replevin lawsuit.<\/strong> Through this lawsuit, the claimant proves ownership and requests removal of the item from the estate; <strong>the estate determination decision does not constitute res judicata on this matter.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"6_Discovery_and_Opening_of_the_Will\">6. Discovery and Opening of the Will<\/h3>\n<p><strong>If <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/last-will-and-testament\/\">a will exists in Turkey<\/a>, it is delivered to the civil judge of peace, opened and read to the interested parties (TCC Arts. 595\u2013596).<\/strong> During the estate determination, notary records may reveal that a will exists; however, the validity of the will is examined not in the estate determination lawsuit but <strong>in a separate annulment lawsuit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"7_Official_Registration_of_the_Estate_in_Turkey\">7. Official Registration of the Estate in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The estate inventory kept at the end of the lawsuit serves as an official document under Turkish law showing the content of the estate.<\/strong> Together with the certificate of inheritance and, where necessary, the division, heirs can complete ownership and rights transfers on the basis of this determination.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"8_Prevention_and_Resolution_of_Inheritance_Disputes_in_Turkey\">8. Prevention and Resolution of Inheritance Disputes in Turkey<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The lawsuit clarifies the scope of the inheritance in Turkey, preventing potential legal disputes or providing guidance for resolving existing conflicts.<\/strong> Concrete identification of the estate minimizes conflicts among heirs.<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 760px; margin: 20px auto; background: #fff; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 10px 12px; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;\">\u2705 What Does and Does Not Happen at the End of Estate Determination in Turkey?<\/div>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 560px; border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9;\">\n<th style=\"width: 32%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Result<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 16%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Does It Happen?<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 52%; padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; text-align: left; font-size: 12.5px; color: #8b3516;\">Explanation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcd2 Recording the estate in the inventory<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Yes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Assets and liabilities are officially established<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f Protection of assets<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Yes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Valuable items may be secured; perishable items may be sold<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83e\udd1d Distribution decision<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">No<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Distribution is made by agreement or by a partition action<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udd11 Delivery of assets to heirs<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Only with consent<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Assets cannot be delivered to one heir without the consent of all heirs; ownership disputes are resolved separately<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcc4 Determining heirs and shares<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">No<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Determined by the certificate of inheritance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516;\">\ud83d\udcdc Validity of the will<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">No<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px 9px; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; color: #444;\">Examined in an annulment lawsuit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"Can_a_Foreigner_Claim_Inheritance_in_Turkey\">Can a Foreigner Claim Inheritance in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>If a foreign deceased person had assets in Turkey, estate determination for those assets can be requested before Turkish courts.<\/strong> In the context of inheritance law, <strong>the presence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/turkish-citizenship\/\">a foreign element<\/a><\/strong> in a dispute necessitates the application of international private law rules. For instance, cases involving claiming inheritance as a foreigner in Turkey may arise when <strong>a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreigners-buying-property-in-turkey\/\">foreign national owns assets in Turkey<\/a>, operates a commercial enterprise, is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/taxation-of-foreign-sourced-income-in-turkey\/\">generating income from abroad<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tax-on-foreign-income-in-turkey\/\">receives salary payments from abroad<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In Turkish law, the inheritance determination lawsuit in Turkey is evaluated not only under the Code of Civil Procedure No. 6100 but also under <strong>the International Private and Procedural Law No. 5718 (\u201cM\u00d6HUK\u201d)<\/strong>. <strong>According to Article 20 of M\u00d6HUK, the inheritance is governed by the law of the country whose nationality the decedent held; however, Turkish law applies to immovable property located in Turkey.<\/strong> Accordingly, the passing of a foreign deceased\u2019s real estate in Turkey to the heirs is determined under Turkish law, while movable assets are, as a rule, governed by the law of the deceased\u2019s nationality. In addition, <strong>the rules on the opening, acquisition and division of the inheritance are subject to the law of the country where the estate is located (M\u00d6HUK Art. 20\/2).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>From a jurisdictional standpoint, under Article 43 of M\u00d6HUK, in inheritance matters the court at the deceased\u2019s last place of residence in Turkey, or, if there is none, the court where the estate assets are located in Turkey, has jurisdiction.<\/strong> Accordingly, even if the decedent is foreign, <strong>if there are estate assets (movable or immovable) in Turkey<\/strong>, estate determination may be requested before Turkish courts. In practice, requests for inheritance determination are frequently encountered concerning <strong>immovable properties owned by foreigners in Turkey<\/strong>, particularly in cases involving claiming inheritance as a foreigner in Turkey.<\/p>\n<p>In its decision <strong>Court of Cassation 5th Civil Chamber, Docket No. 2023\/6152, Decision No. 2023\/10278, dated 06.11.2023<\/strong>, concerning a British national with no place of residence in Turkey, the court applied M\u00d6HUK Art. 43 and held that <strong>the Civil Court of Peace in Alanya, where the estate assets were located, had jurisdiction<\/strong>. <strong>Although the decision concerned a request for a certificate of inheritance, it shows that M\u00d6HUK Art. 43 determines jurisdiction in inheritance matters concerning a foreign deceased\u2019s assets in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Since ownership, tax, and inheritance transfer procedures are handled together in such files, it is advisable to obtain support from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/inheritance-lawyer-in-turkey\/\"><strong>an international inheritance attorney<\/strong><\/a> and a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/legal-services\/tax-lawyer-in-turkey\/\">tax law expert in Turkey<\/a><\/strong>. Claiming inheritance as a foreigner in Turkey is not hindered by the foreign nationality of the decedent; the key consideration is <strong>whether the estate includes assets located in Turkey<\/strong>, and to avoid any loss of rights it would be beneficial for foreigners to seek assistance from an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/english-speaking-lawyer-in-turkey\/\">English-speaking lawyer in Turkey<\/a> during inheritance procedures.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 24px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83c\udf0d Applicable Law and Competent Court for a Foreign Deceased in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; background: #faf7f4; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 0; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83c\udfe0<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Real estate in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Turkish law applies<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">LEGAL BASIS<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">M\u00d6HUK Art. 20<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcbc<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Movable and other assets<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">The law of the deceased\u2019s nationality applies<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">LEGAL BASIS<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">M\u00d6HUK Art. 20<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Competent court<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Last place of residence in Turkey, or failing that, where the assets are located<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; color: #777;\">LEGAL BASIS<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #555; line-height: 1.5;\">M\u00d6HUK Art. 43<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Should_Be_Done_After_Determining_Estate_Assets_in_Turkey\">What Should Be Done After Determining Estate Assets in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>After the estate determination in Turkey, the heirs should obtain the certificate of inheritance, complete the division of the inheritance by agreement or through a lawsuit, and file other inheritance lawsuits if necessary.<\/strong> These steps are important for the lawful <strong>transfer and distribution of the estate<\/strong> in compliance with local legal and administrative procedures. If the estate has turned out to be insolvent, renunciation or official liquidation within the statutory periods should be considered first.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Obtaining the Certificate of Inheritance:<\/strong> <strong>In Turkey, the certificate of inheritance is the official document showing the heirs and their shares<\/strong>, and it is issued by the Civil Court of Peace or a notary public <strong>(TCC Art. 598).<\/strong> It is independent of estate determination and can often be obtained before the lawsuit; it is needed <strong>to prove the status of heir<\/strong> before official authorities and serves as the fundamental document for the transfer of immovable properties and other assets during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/probate-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the probate process in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Distribution and Transfer of the Inheritance in Turkey:<\/strong> <strong>Heirs may divide the inheritance among themselves<\/strong>; if they reach an agreement, the division is carried out by <strong>mutual consent<\/strong>. At this stage, <strong>the transfer of ownership and related procedures for the estate items<\/strong> are completed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lawsuit for Termination of Joint Ownership:<\/strong> In case of disagreement among heirs regarding the division of the inheritance, <strong>it becomes necessary to file <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/partition-action-to-force-sale-of-property\/\">a lawsuit for the termination of joint ownership<\/a> in Turkey.<\/strong> Before this lawsuit is filed, <strong>applying to a mediator is a mandatory precondition<\/strong> (Law No. 6325 Art. 18\/B). The court, as a rule, terminates co-ownership by <strong>dividing the assets in kind<\/strong>; where division in kind is not possible or would significantly reduce the value, it orders <strong>sale and conversion into cash<\/strong>, and the proceeds are distributed among the heirs according to their shares. If the property sold is leased, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tenants-rights-when-landlord-sold-property\/\">the sale of a tenanted property<\/a> does not end the lease, and the buyer becomes a party to it.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transfer of Shares and Registration:<\/strong> After the division is completed and\/or court decisions become final, <strong>heirs receive their respective shares and the ownership rights over these shares are formally transferred.<\/strong> This completes the legal transfer of the inheritance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Other Inheritance Lawsuits in Turkey:<\/strong> Following the inheritance determination in Turkey, heirs may initiate <strong>additional legal actions to protect their rights and to clarify the actual status of the estate<\/strong>. <strong>Particularly in cases of fraudulent transactions by the decedent, reduction, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/title-deed-cancellation-and-registration-lawsuit\/\">abuse of power of attorney<\/a><\/strong>, transactions may contradict the decedent\u2019s true intent or harm the heirs\u2019 rights; based on the information obtained, <strong>heirs may file these lawsuits to reassess the scope of the estate and their shares.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>In conclusion, after the completion of the court case for estate identification in Turkey, it is of utmost importance to follow the above steps in order and with due regard to time limits.<\/strong> These procedures play a vital role in safeguarding heirs\u2019 rights in Turkey and ensuring that the transfer and distribution of the estate are conducted in accordance with the law.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 18px auto; border: 1px solid #d9c4bb; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fffdfb;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 9px 12px; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.3;\">\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f Steps After Estate Determination in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 9px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 7px; background: #fff; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"background: #faf7f4; padding: 7px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 11.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.3;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; width: 20px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; text-align: center; margin-right: 5px; font-size: 9px;\">01<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4 Certificate of inheritance<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px; color: #444; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.45; text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">What Is Done:<\/strong> Documenting heirs and shares <span style=\"color: #d5c1b9; margin: 0 5px;\">|<\/span> <strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Authority:<\/strong> Civil Court of Peace \/ notary<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 20px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\u2193<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 7px; background: #fff; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"background: #faf7f4; padding: 7px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 11.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.3;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; width: 20px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; text-align: center; margin-right: 5px; font-size: 9px;\">02<\/span> \ud83e\udd1d Agreed division<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px; color: #444; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.45; text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">What Is Done:<\/strong> Inheritance division agreement and transfer <span style=\"color: #d5c1b9; margin: 0 5px;\">|<\/span> <strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Authority:<\/strong> Heirs, land registry office<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 20px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\u2193<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-radius: 7px; background: #fff; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"background: #faf7f4; padding: 7px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 11.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.3;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; width: 20px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; text-align: center; margin-right: 5px; font-size: 9px;\">03<\/span> \u2696\ufe0f Termination of joint ownership<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px; color: #444; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.45; text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">What Is Done:<\/strong> Mandatory mediation first; division in kind or, if not possible, sale <span style=\"color: #d5c1b9; margin: 0 5px;\">|<\/span> <strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Authority:<\/strong> Civil Court of Peace<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 20px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\u2193<\/div>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; background: #f6ede9; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"background: #faf7f4; padding: 7px; color: #8b3516; font-size: 11.5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.3;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; background: #8b3516; color: #fff; border-radius: 50%; width: 20px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; text-align: center; margin-right: 5px; font-size: 9px;\">04<\/span> \ud83d\udd01 Other lawsuits<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px; color: #444; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.45; text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">What Is Done:<\/strong> Fraudulent concealment, reduction, title deed cancellation and registration <span style=\"color: #d5c1b9; margin: 0 5px;\">|<\/span> <strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Authority:<\/strong> Civil Court of First Instance<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"What_Is_an_Inheritance_Division_Agreement_in_Turkey\">What Is an Inheritance Division Agreement in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>An inheritance division agreement in Turkey is a contract entered into by heirs after the death of the decedent, in which they divide the estate assets among themselves by mutual consent, and which must be made in writing (TCC Art. 676).<\/strong> This agreement is designed to prevent disputes related to inheritance law and <strong>to ensure a swift and harmonious distribution of the inheritance in Turkey<\/strong>. The list of assets produced by estate determination helps prepare the division agreement completely.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Based on the Parties\u2019 Will:<\/strong> The inheritance division agreement in Turkey is concluded <strong>with the participation and free will of all heirs.<\/strong> Heirs mutually decide <strong>which estate assets will be transferred to whom and in what proportions<\/strong>, making this arrangement legally binding.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scope of the Agreement:<\/strong> The agreement covers the estate assets included in the inheritance in Turkey, such as <strong>immovable properties, movable assets, bank accounts, securities and shares in commercial enterprises<\/strong>. <strong>Each asset item\u2019s allocation to a particular heir<\/strong> is specified in detail.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Form and Notarization:<\/strong> <strong>Written form is sufficient for the validity of an inheritance division agreement in Turkey; notarization is not mandatory.<\/strong> Nevertheless, notarization makes proof easier, and for real estate the agreement serves as the basis for registration at the land registry for ownership to pass.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protection of Heirs\u2019 Rights and Obligations:<\/strong> The agreement aims to ensure <strong>a fair and balanced distribution among heirs<\/strong>. Heirs may also agree on a division that differs from their legal shares, and in this respect the inheritance partition agreement in Turkey contributes to <strong>the peaceful resolution of inheritance matters<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prevention of Future Disputes:<\/strong> <strong>A clear and written sharing agreement between the parties<\/strong> prevents future claims or disputes over the inheritance in Turkey. Therefore, the agreement plays a crucial role in <strong>reducing conflicts<\/strong> and expediting the inheritance process in Turkey.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compliance with Legal Procedures:<\/strong> When drafting an inheritance division agreement in Turkey, <strong>compliance with the inheritance provisions of the Turkish Civil Code is required.<\/strong> <strong>Agreements made without one of the heirs, without the required form or under a defect of consent<\/strong> may face invalidity or annulment; the prior determination of the estate (inheritance determination in Turkey) reduces these risks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Execution and Official Procedures:<\/strong> The provisions of the inheritance partition agreement in Turkey <strong>serve as the basis for registration and transfer processes at land registry offices and other official institutions.<\/strong> This enables heirs to legally transfer the shares of estate assets assigned to them.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>In conclusion, the inheritance division agreement in Turkey is a fundamental legal contract that <strong>allows heirs to distribute estate assets based on their mutual consent, helps prevent disputes and enables the process to be managed efficiently<\/strong>. <strong>Preparing it in line with the certificate of inheritance and current land registry records prevents problems at the transfer stage of inheritance proceedings in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>The essential requirements for a valid and enforceable inheritance division agreement under Turkish law must be met together.<\/strong> The table below summarises these requirements.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 850px; margin: 23px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 8px; background: #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 10px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 15.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #fff;\">\ud83d\udcdd Essential Requirements of an Inheritance Division Agreement in Turkey<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udc65 Parties<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> All heirs must take part<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u270d\ufe0f Form<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> Written form is sufficient (TCC Art. 676); notarization is not mandatory<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udce6 Scope<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> Which heir receives each asset is stated clearly<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83c\udfe0 Real estate<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> Registration at the land registry is required for ownership to pass<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 260px; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 6px; padding: 11px 12px; background: #fff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\u26a0\ufe0f Risk of invalidity<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; color: #555;\"><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> Absence of an heir, failure to observe form, or defect of consent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"How_Is_Fraudulent_Asset_Concealment_from_Inheritance_Detected_in_Turkey\">How Is Fraudulent Asset Concealment from Inheritance Detected in Turkey?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>In Turkey, fraudulent asset concealment from inheritance is detected by examining together the land registry records of transfers made by the deceased during his or her lifetime, the difference between the real value and the stated price, the relationship between the parties and the deceased\u2019s other transactions.<\/strong> Records obtained during the inheritance determination lawsuit in Turkey may help uncover transactions made by the deceased to divert assets from the heirs. The main remedy against such situations is <strong>filing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/stolen-inheritance-and-fraudulent-conveyance\/\">a fraudulent concealment lawsuit in Turkey<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Under Turkish law, fraudulent concealment means that the deceased, in order to divert assets from the heirs, presents a transfer of real estate that is in reality a gift as a sale or a life-care contract at the land registry.<\/strong> Fraudulent concealment cannot be raised against transfers openly made as gifts; such transfers may, if the conditions are met, be subject to a reduction lawsuit. In its decision <strong>Court of Cassation 1st Civil Chamber, Docket No. 2023\/5832, Decision No. 2024\/471, dated 18.01.2024<\/strong>, the court stressed that the Unification of Case Law Decision No. 1\/2 of 01.04.1974 applies in Turkey only <strong>where the deceased transferred real estate on record by sale or life-care contract and the transaction is found to be a sham.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The chamber <strong>reversed<\/strong> the judgment, holding that the transfers made by sale should lead to <strong>cancellation of the title deed and registration in proportion to the plaintiffs\u2019 inheritance shares<\/strong>, while the transfers made by gift should be decided on the basis of a reduction calculation. The apparent sale is invalid because it does not reflect the parties\u2019 true intent, and the concealed gift is invalid because it was not made in the required official form. <strong>Key points to consider regarding fraudulent concealment in Turkey include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Detection of Sham Transactions:<\/strong> To file a fraudulent concealment lawsuit in Turkey, it is first necessary <strong>to detect transactions in which the decedent concealed his or her true intent<\/strong>. These transactions are often revealed <strong>through examination of property registry records, contracts, or other ownership documents.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Proof of True Intent:<\/strong> In a fraudulent concealment case in Turkey, the <strong>decedent\u2019s intent to divert assets<\/strong> must be proven, and the burden of proof lies with the plaintiff heir. <strong>Land registry entries, written documents, witness testimonies, and all other evidence<\/strong> may be used for this purpose.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Filing the Lawsuit:<\/strong> The fraudulent concealment lawsuit in Turkey is <strong>filed by the heirs after the decedent\u2019s death<\/strong>; it cannot be filed during the decedent\u2019s lifetime. <strong>The case is heard, with a request for cancellation of the title deed and registration, before the Civil Court of First Instance where the property is located.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Court Process:<\/strong> <strong>The court evaluates the submitted evidence and decides whether the transaction was a sham.<\/strong> If fraudulent concealment is established, the transfer is declared invalid, and the court orders the <strong>cancellation of the title deed and registration in the plaintiff heir\u2019s name in proportion to his or her inheritance share<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Factors that may be considered in proving fraudulent concealment in Turkey and calculating the real value of the inheritance include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Intent to Divert Assets from the Estate:<\/strong> The court examines whether <strong>the decedent transferred assets to a third party while hiding the true intent<\/strong>. Demonstrating that <strong>the transaction was in reality a gift intended to divert assets from the heirs<\/strong> is crucial.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Difference Between Asset Value and Sale Price:<\/strong> If the decedent <strong>appears to have transferred assets at the land registry <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/selling-property-lower-than-circle-rate\/\">far below their true market value<\/a><\/strong> and the transferee had no means to pay, this is a significant indicator in proving fraudulent concealment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Social Relations Between the Decedent and the Transferee:<\/strong> <strong>The relationship and closeness between the decedent and the transferee<\/strong> are scrutinized. <strong>Special personal ties or transactions not conducted under normal market conditions<\/strong> may indicate a sham transaction.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Other Assets and Transactions of the Decedent:<\/strong> The decedent\u2019s other assets and transfers are also reviewed. <strong>If, viewed together, they suggest a pattern of asset diversion, this strengthens the allegation of fraudulent concealment.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>The Turkish courts assess these facts together rather than one by one.<\/strong> The table below summarises the indicators most frequently taken into account in practice.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 24px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 14px 16px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udd0e Main Indicators of Fraudulent Asset Concealment in Turkey<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; background: #faf7f4; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 0; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcb8<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Price difference<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Difference between the price stated at the land registry and the real value<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udc64<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Relationship of the parties<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Closeness of the transferee to the deceased and ability to pay<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83e\udde9<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Other transactions<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Pattern of asset diversion in the deceased\u2019s other transfers<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #eadbd3; border-top: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 6px;\">\ud83d\udcc4<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 14.5px; font-weight: bold; color: #8b3516; line-height: 1.35; margin-bottom: 8px;\">Records<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12.5px; color: #333; line-height: 1.55;\">Land registry records, contracts, witness statements and other evidence<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>These factors play a significant role in establishing the decedent\u2019s real intent and detecting asset concealment in a fraudulent concealment case in Turkey.<\/strong> The court evaluates all evidence to determine the validity of the claim, and in cases of fraudulent concealment from inheritance, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/online-legal-services\/\"><strong>obtaining legal counsel in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> is highly important to prevent potential loss of rights.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-html\"><div class=\"cb-legal-box\">\n    <div class=\"cb-legal-inner\">\n        <p class=\"cb-legal-text\">\n            You can explore our other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/blog\/\" class=\"cb-legal-link\">articles<\/a> or contact us for your legal support inquiries.\n        <\/p>\n        <div class=\"cb-legal-action\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/contact-us\/\" class=\"cb-legal-btn\">Contact Us<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.cb-legal-box {\n    background: #ffffff;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516; \n    border-radius: 8px;\n    padding: 30px;\n    margin: 30px auto;\n    width: 100%;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\n    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\n}\n\n.cb-legal-inner {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: space-between;\n    gap: 30px;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-text {\n    margin: 0;\n    font-size: 19px;\n    color: #333333;\n    line-height: 1.5;\n    flex: 2;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-link {\n    color: #8b3516;\n    text-decoration: underline;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-action {\n    flex: 1;\n    text-align: right;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn {\n    display: inline-block;\n    background-color: #8b3516;\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n    padding: 14px 28px;\n    border-radius: 5px;\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    transition: all 0.3s ease;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn:hover {\n    background-color: #000000;\n    border-color: #000000;\n}\n\n\/* MOB\u0130LDEK\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dcNT\u00dcY\u00dc D\u00dcZELTEN KISIM *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .cb-legal-box {\n        padding: 20px 15px; \/* Yan bo\u015fluklar\u0131 azaltt\u0131k *\/\n        margin: 20px 0;\n        width: 100% !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-inner {\n        flex-direction: column !important;\n        gap: 15px; \/* Yaz\u0131 ve buton aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fu daraltt\u0131k *\/\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-text {\n        font-size: 16px; \/* Yaz\u0131y\u0131 mobilde bir t\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltt\u00fck ki s\u0131\u011fs\u0131n *\/\n        text-align: center !important;\n        width: 100%;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-action {\n        width: 100%;\n        text-align: center !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-btn {\n        width: 80%; \/* Butonun ekran\u0131 komple bo\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in %80 yapt\u0131k *\/\n        padding: 12px 20px;\n        font-size: 15px;\n        display: inline-block; \/* Block yerine inline-block + %80 daha zarif durur *\/\n    }\n}\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_0a0f4a9a height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><style id=\"cb-yasal-uyari-css\">div.cb-yasal-uyari{background:#f7f7f7;border-left:3px solid #8b3516;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0;padding:12px 16px;margin:0;box-sizing:border-box}div.cb-yasal-uyari p{margin:0;font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#555;text-align:left}div.cb-yasal-uyari strong{color:#8b3516;font-weight:700}section.l-section:has(div.cb-yasal-uyari){background:none!important;border-radius:0!important}<\/style><div class=\"cb-yasal-uyari\" role=\"note\"><p><strong>Legal Disclaimer:<\/strong> The copyright in the articles and content on this website belongs to Attorney Orbay \u00c7okg\u00f6r; the content may be quoted provided that the source is credited and an active link to the relevant page is given. All content on this website is for general information purposes only, does not constitute legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship. The information may have become outdated due to changes in legislation and case law; for your specific legal situation, always seek legal assistance from a lawyer.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Inheritance Determination in Turkey: The Estate Determination Lawsuit, Competent Court, Procedure and Results Inheritance determination in Turkey is the legal process of accurately and comprehensively identifying all assets and liabilities left behind by a deceased person, carried out by the Civil Court of Peace as a non-contentious proceeding that ends with these items being recorded...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4860,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5008"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5008\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}