{"id":5031,"date":"2024-05-12T20:58:56","date_gmt":"2024-05-12T20:58:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/?p=5031"},"modified":"2026-05-13T10:38:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T10:38:02","slug":"maritime-labor-law-in-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Maritime Labor Law in Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-800x400.jpg\" class=\"attachment-us_800_400 size-us_800_400\" alt=\"maritime labor law in turkey\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-100x50.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-90x45.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-120x60.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey-e1753699090326.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_IS_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW_IN_TURKEY\" >WHAT IS MARITIME LABOR LAW IN TURKEY?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_IS_A_MARITIME_EMPLOYMENT_CONTRACT_IN_THE_SCOPE_OF_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW_IN_TURKEY\" >WHAT IS A MARITIME EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT IN THE SCOPE OF MARITIME LABOR LAW IN TURKEY?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_The_Requirement_of_a_Written_Seafarer_Employment_Contract_under_Maritime_Employment_Law_in_Turkey\" >1. The Requirement of a Written Seafarer Employment Contract under Maritime Employment Law in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Types_of_Seafarer_Employment_Contracts_under_Turkish_Maritime_Law\" >2. Types of Seafarer Employment Contracts under Turkish Maritime Law<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_Essential_Elements_of_a_Seafarer_Employment_Contract_in_Turkey\" >3. Essential Elements of a Seafarer Employment Contract in Turkey<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#a_Mandatory_Elements_in_the_Seafarer_Contract_in_Turkey\" >a) Mandatory Elements in the Seafarer Contract in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#b_Collective_Labor_Agreements_and_Union_Provisions\" >b) Collective Labor Agreements and Union Provisions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#4_Exemption_of_Seafarer_Employment_Contracts_from_Duties_and_Taxes_in_Turkey\" >4. Exemption of Seafarer Employment Contracts from Duties and Taxes in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHO_IS_CONSIDERED_A_SEAFARER_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LAW\" >WHO IS CONSIDERED A SEAFARER UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LAW?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Definition_of_Seafarer_under_the_Turkish_Maritime_Labor_Law\" >1. Definition of Seafarer under the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Definitions_in_Other_Legislation\" >2. Definitions in Other Legislation<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_ARE_THE_REQUIREMENTS_TO_BECOME_A_SEAFARER_IN_TURKEY\" >WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS TO BECOME A SEAFARER IN TURKEY?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#SCOPE_AND_APPLICATION_AREA_OF_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\" >SCOPE AND APPLICATION AREA OF TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Application_Conditions_for_Maritime_Labor_Law_on_Turkish-Flagged_Vessels_of_100_GT_or_Above\" >1. Application Conditions for Maritime Labor Law on Turkish-Flagged Vessels of 100 GT or Above<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Application_Conditions_for_Vessels_Below_100_GT\" >2. Application Conditions for Vessels Below 100 GT<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_Application_Conditions_When_the_Vessel_Does_Not_Fly_the_Turkish_Flag\" >3. Application Conditions When the Vessel Does Not Fly the Turkish Flag<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_ARE_THE_COMPENSATION_RIGHTS_OF_A_SEAFARER_DISMISSED_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\" >WHAT ARE THE COMPENSATION RIGHTS OF A SEAFARER DISMISSED UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Seafarers_Right_to_Severance_Pay_under_Turkish_Maritime_Labor_Law\" >Seafarer\u2019s Right to Severance Pay under Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Seafarers_Eligibility_for_Severance_Pay_in_Turkey\" >Seafarer\u2019s Eligibility for Severance Pay in Turkey<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#a_Termination_or_Resignation_Cases_in_Turkey\" >a. Termination or Resignation Cases in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#b_Grounds_for_Resignation_in_Turkey\" >b. Grounds for Resignation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#c_Other_Cases_of_Eligibility\" >c. Other Cases of Eligibility<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#d_Calculation_of_Seafarers_Severance_Pay_in_Turkey\" >d. Calculation of Seafarer&#8217;s Severance Pay in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Notice_Periods_under_Turkish_Maritime_Labor_Law\" >Notice Periods under Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Seafarers_Right_to_Notice_Compensation_in_Turkey\" >Seafarer\u2019s Right to Notice Compensation in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_IS_THE_LEGAL_LIEN_RIGHT_OF_A_SEAFARER_UNDER_TURKISH_LAW\" >WHAT IS THE LEGAL LIEN RIGHT OF A SEAFARER UNDER TURKISH LAW?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Seafarer_Claims_and_Lien_Right_in_Turkey\" >1. Seafarer Claims and Lien Right in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Scope_of_the_Seafarers_Lien_Right_in_Turkey\" >2. Scope of the Seafarer\u2019s Lien Right in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_Seafarers_Right_to_Request_Sale_of_the_Ship\" >3. Seafarer\u2019s Right to Request Sale of the Ship<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_ARE_THE_RIGHTS_OF_SEAFARERS_IN_TURKEY\" >WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS OF SEAFARERS IN TURKEY?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Daily_and_Weekly_Working_Hours_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >1. Daily and Weekly Working Hours of Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Weekly_Rest_Rights_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >2. Weekly Rest Rights of Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_Seafarers_Paid_Weekly_Holiday_Rights_in_Turkey\" >3. Seafarer&#8217;s Paid Weekly Holiday Rights in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#4_Seafarers_Unpaid_Leave_Rights_for_Travel\" >4. Seafarer&#8217;s Unpaid Leave Rights for Travel\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#5_Seafarers_Annual_Paid_Leave_Rights_in_Turkey\" >5. Seafarer&#8217;s Annual Paid Leave Rights in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#6_Right_to_Terminate_Employment_Contract\" >6. Right to Terminate Employment Contract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#7_Social_Security_Rights_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >7. Social Security Rights of Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#8_Other_Important_Seafarer_Rights_in_Turkey\" >8. Other Important Seafarer Rights in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#SEAFARERS_RIGHTS_ON_TURKISH-FLAGGED_AND_FOREIGN-FLAGGED_VESSELS\" >SEAFARERS\u2019 RIGHTS ON TURKISH-FLAGGED AND FOREIGN-FLAGGED VESSELS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Labor_Claims_and_Protections_for_Seafarers_on_Turkish-Flagged_Vessels\" >1. Labor Claims and Protections for Seafarers on Turkish-Flagged Vessels<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Rights_of_Seafarers_on_Foreign-Flagged_Vessels_in_Turkey\" >2. Rights of Seafarers on Foreign-Flagged Vessels in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WORKING_HOURS_OF_SEAFARERS_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\" >WORKING HOURS OF SEAFARERS UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Working_Hours_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >Working Hours of Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#a_Regular_Working_Hours_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >a) Regular Working Hours of Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#b_Seafarers_Exempt_from_Regular_Working_Hours_in_Turkey\" >b) Seafarers Exempt from Regular Working Hours in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Rest_Periods_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >Rest Periods of Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Employers_Management_Authority\" >Employer\u2019s Management Authority<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#Points_to_Consider_in_Practice\" >Points to Consider in Practice<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#OVERTIME_REGULATION_FOR_SEAFARERS_UNDER_THE_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\" >OVERTIME REGULATION FOR SEAFARERS UNDER THE TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Overtime_Pay_for_Seafarers_in_Turkey\" >1. Overtime Pay for Seafarers in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Documentation_of_Overtime_Work_in_Turkey\" >2. Documentation of Overtime Work in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_Situations_Not_Considered_Overtime_in_Turkey\" >3. Situations Not Considered Overtime in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#4_Inclusion_of_Overtime_Pay_in_Employment_Contracts\" >4. Inclusion of Overtime Pay in Employment Contracts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#5_Characteristics_of_Overtime_and_Emergency_Situations\" >5. Characteristics of Overtime and Emergency Situations<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#TERMINATION_OF_SEAFARER_EMPLOYMENT_CONTRACT_WITH_JUST_CAUSE_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\" >TERMINATION OF SEAFARER EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT WITH JUST CAUSE UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#REPATRIATION_RIGHTS_OF_SEAFARERS_IN_CASE_OF_EMPLOYMENT_CONTRACT_TERMINATION_IN_TURKEY\" >REPATRIATION RIGHTS OF SEAFARERS IN CASE OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT TERMINATION IN TURKEY<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#WHAT_SHOULD_A_SEAFARER_DO_IF_WAGES_ARE_UNPAID_IN_TURKEY\" >WHAT SHOULD A SEAFARER DO IF WAGES ARE UNPAID IN TURKEY?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Mandatory_Mediation_As_a_Prerequisite_for_Filing_a_Lawsuit\" >1. Mandatory Mediation (As a Prerequisite for Filing a Lawsuit)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Judicial_Proceedings_in_Turkey\" >2. Judicial Proceedings in Turkey<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#a_Competent_Court_for_Turkish-Flagged_Vessels_in_Turkey\" >a) Competent Court for Turkish-Flagged Vessels in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#b_Competent_Court_for_Foreign-Flagged_Vessels_in_Turkey\" >b) Competent Court for Foreign-Flagged Vessels in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_Labor_Claims_That_Seafarers_Can_Claim_in_Turkey\" >3. Labor Claims That Seafarers Can Claim in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#4_Appeal_and_Cassation_Procedures_in_Turkey\" >4. Appeal and Cassation Procedures in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#5_Enforcement_Proceedings_and_Debt_Collection_in_Turkey\" >5. Enforcement Proceedings and Debt Collection in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#IS_THERE_A_REINSTATEMENT_LAWSUIT_IN_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\" >IS THERE A REINSTATEMENT LAWSUIT IN TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#LEGAL_RIGHTS_OF_SEAFARERS_IN_TURKEY_IN_CASE_OF_WORK_ACCIDENTS\" >LEGAL RIGHTS OF SEAFARERS IN TURKEY IN CASE OF WORK ACCIDENTS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#1_Definition_and_Notification_of_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\" >1. Definition and Notification of Work Accident in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#2_Social_Security_Rights_of_the_Seafarer_in_Case_of_a_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\" >2. Social Security Rights of the Seafarer in Case of a Work Accident in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#3_The_Right_To_Medical_Treatment_And_Rehabilitation_Of_Seafarers_In_Case_Of_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\" >3. The Right To Medical Treatment And Rehabilitation Of Seafarers In Case Of Work Accident in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#4_Job_Security_and_Prohibition_of_Dismissal\" >4. Job Security and Prohibition of Dismissal<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#5_Seafarers_Injury_Compensation_Rights_in_Work_Accidents_in_Turkey\" >5. Seafarers\u2019 Injury Compensation Rights in Work Accidents in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#6_Protection_of_Rights_and_Legal_Procedures_After_a_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\" >6. Protection of Rights and Legal Procedures After a Work Accident in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/maritime-labor-law-in-turkey\/#THE_IMPORTANCE_OF_WORKING_WITH_MARITIME_LAW_FIRMS_IN_TURKEY_TO_PROTECT_SEAFARERS_RIGHTS_AND_EMPLOYER_RIGHTS\" >THE IMPORTANCE OF WORKING WITH MARITIME LAW FIRMS IN TURKEY TO PROTECT SEAFARERS&#8217; RIGHTS AND EMPLOYER RIGHTS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 data-start=\"169\" data-end=\"214\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_IS_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>WHAT IS MARITIME LABOR LAW IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"216\" data-end=\"644\"><strong>The maritime industry is a specialized sector that, due to its unique dynamics and challenges, requires distinct legal regulations.<\/strong> Working at sea involves different requirements and conditions compared to land-based employment. These differences have led to the development of <strong data-start=\"494\" data-end=\"516\">maritime labor law<\/strong> as a separate area of regulation. <strong>The rights of maritime workers are shaped in accordance with these particular conditions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"646\" data-end=\"1311\"><strong>The risks and hazards associated with maritime activities have necessitated the creation of specific legal frameworks for maritime labor law in many countries, including Turkey.<\/strong> The professional lives of seafarers take place not only during working hours but also encompass living and rest periods, most of which occur onboard the vessel. This reality demonstrates that <strong data-start=\"1020\" data-end=\"1040\">maritime workers<\/strong> <strong>require a broader scope of legal protection<\/strong> compared to land-based employees. Failure to comply with <strong>contractual obligations, inadequate nutrition, harsh working conditions, and even abandonment in foreign ports<\/strong> are among the serious risks faced by those working at sea.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1313\" data-end=\"1873\"><strong data-start=\"1313\" data-end=\"1345\">Maritime labor law in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>aims to regulate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/labor-law-in-turkey\/\">the employment relationships<\/a> between seafarers and shipowners or operators.<\/strong> While these relationships are typically based on employment contracts, the nature of maritime work differs significantly from land-based employment. The primary objective of this legal field is to <strong>govern the relationship between employers and seafarers working under their authority within the scope of maritime transport<\/strong>, through specific legal provisions, and to protect the rights and interests of <strong data-start=\"1840\" data-end=\"1860\">maritime workers<\/strong> accordingly.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-iconbox us_custom_aea21514 iconpos_left style_default color_secondary align_center no_title\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-icon\" style=\"font-size:2rem;\"><i class=\"fas fa-gavel\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox-meta\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-text\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuatmetin\/1.5.854.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Maritime Labor Law<\/strong> <\/a>Article 1 &#8211; This law applies to shipmans and their employers who work under a service contract on ships carrying the Turkish flag in seas, lakes, and rivers, and with a gross tonnage of one hundred tons or more. The provision of the first paragraph applies when the total gross tonnage of ships belonging to the same employer is one hundred or more, or when the number of shipmans employed by the employer is five or more.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_IS_A_MARITIME_EMPLOYMENT_CONTRACT_IN_THE_SCOPE_OF_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>WHAT IS A MARITIME EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT IN THE SCOPE OF MARITIME LABOR LAW IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"242\" data-end=\"856\"><strong>A Seafarer Employment Contract is the fundamental document that governs the employment relationship between a maritime worker and an employer or the employer\u2019s representative.<\/strong> It sets out the mutual rights and obligations of both parties. This contract holds central importance not only in regulating the employment relationship but also in safeguarding <strong data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"636\">maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>. Given the unique nature of working conditions at sea, <strong>maritime workers often require greater legal protection than land-based employees<\/strong>, which further emphasizes the legal and functional significance of such contracts.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"858\" data-end=\"1413\"><strong>Under maritime employment law in Turkey, seafarer employment contracts are categorized as specialized agreements that differ from general employment contracts<\/strong>,<strong> similar to those used in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/collection-of-footballers-debts\/\">the professional sports<\/a> or media sectors.<\/strong> These contracts are subject to specific legislation due to the unique characteristics of <strong>the maritime industry and working environment.<\/strong> Instead of being governed by general labor law principles, <strong>they are interpreted and applied based on special legal norms<\/strong>, in line with the principle of precedence of sector-specific rules.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_The_Requirement_of_a_Written_Seafarer_Employment_Contract_under_Maritime_Employment_Law_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"94\" data-end=\"198\">1. The Requirement of a Written Seafarer Employment Contract under Maritime Employment Law in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"200\" data-end=\"755\"><strong data-start=\"200\" data-end=\"251\">Article 5 of Turkish Maritime Labor Law No. 854<\/strong> <strong>mandates that all seafarer employment contracts must be made in writing.<\/strong> According to this provision, the contract must be <strong data-start=\"379\" data-end=\"434\">signed by both the employer and the maritime worker in Turkey<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"440\" data-end=\"483\">each party must be provided with a copy<\/strong>. The written form helps <strong data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"538\">prevent potential disputes<\/strong> between the parties and <strong data-start=\"563\" data-end=\"633\">strengthens the enforceability of maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>. The contract may be executed either <strong data-start=\"671\" data-end=\"697\">before a notary public<\/strong> or as a <strong data-start=\"706\" data-end=\"734\">simple written agreement<\/strong> between the parties.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"757\" data-end=\"1287\">There are <strong data-start=\"767\" data-end=\"788\">two main purposes<\/strong> for requiring a written employment contract in <strong data-start=\"836\" data-end=\"873\">maritime employment law in Turkey<\/strong>. First, it ensures that the <strong data-start=\"902\" data-end=\"1017\">employment relationship between the employer and the maritime worker is clearly defined and properly documented<\/strong>, which is crucial for both <strong data-start=\"1045\" data-end=\"1083\">legal and administrative oversight<\/strong>. Second, a valid written contract ensures the <strong data-start=\"1130\" data-end=\"1193\">vessel can legally continue its voyage without interruption<\/strong>. Ultimately, both aims serve the overarching goal of <strong data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1286\">safeguarding maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1289\" data-end=\"1884\">In contrast to land-based employment law, where <strong data-start=\"1337\" data-end=\"1395\">written form is only required for fixed-term contracts<\/strong>, <strong>Turkish maritime law requires written contracts for all seafarers<\/strong>, regardless of the contract&#8217;s duration. This requirement demonstrates the <strong data-start=\"1533\" data-end=\"1609\">particular importance placed on the legal protection of maritime workers in Turkey<\/strong>. Additionally, under <strong data-start=\"1631\" data-end=\"1672\">Article 50\/a of the Turkish Labor Law<\/strong>, an employer who fails to execute a written employment contract may face <strong data-start=\"1746\" data-end=\"1770\">administrative fines<\/strong>. Therefore, the written form is not only a <strong data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"1838\">procedural necessity<\/strong> but also a <strong data-start=\"1850\" data-end=\"1883\">legally sanctioned obligation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1886\" data-end=\"2597\">There is a <strong data-start=\"1897\" data-end=\"1922\">divergence of opinion<\/strong> in both legal doctrine and court decisions regarding the <strong data-start=\"1980\" data-end=\"2029\">legal nature of this written form requirement<\/strong>. Some interpretations suggest that a <strong data-start=\"2067\" data-end=\"2111\">written contract is a validity condition<\/strong>, and any <strong data-start=\"2121\" data-end=\"2175\">verbal agreement would be considered null and void<\/strong>. Others argue that the requirement serves only <strong data-start=\"2223\" data-end=\"2247\">evidentiary purposes<\/strong>, meaning it is not essential for the contract&#8217;s validity, but rather <strong data-start=\"2317\" data-end=\"2355\">facilitates proof of its existence<\/strong>. From the perspective of <strong data-start=\"2381\" data-end=\"2440\">effectively protecting maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>, the latter interpretation \u2014 <strong data-start=\"2470\" data-end=\"2522\">treating the written form as a tool for evidence<\/strong> \u2014 appears more consistent with the <strong data-start=\"2558\" data-end=\"2596\">protective principles of labor law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"238\" data-end=\"314\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Types_of_Seafarer_Employment_Contracts_under_Turkish_Maritime_Law\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"242\" data-end=\"314\">2. Types of Seafarer Employment Contracts under Turkish Maritime Law<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"437\">According to <strong data-start=\"329\" data-end=\"376\">Article 7 of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>, there are <strong data-start=\"388\" data-end=\"436\">three <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/types-of-employment-contracts\/\">types of employment contracts<\/a> for seafarers in Turkey<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"441\" data-end=\"530\"><strong data-start=\"441\" data-end=\"465\">Fixed-term contracts<\/strong>: Terminate automatically at the end of the specified duration.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"533\" data-end=\"605\"><strong data-start=\"533\" data-end=\"559\">Voyage-based contracts<\/strong>: End upon completion of the defined voyage.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"706\"><strong data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"645\">Open-ended (indefinite) contracts<\/strong>: Continue without being tied to a specific period or voyage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"708\" data-end=\"1056\">In particular, for <strong data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"753\">voyage-based contracts<\/strong>, if the maritime worker continues working and the vessel embarks on a new voyage, the contract is considered to be <strong data-start=\"869\" data-end=\"894\">automatically renewed in Turkey<\/strong>. This provision plays a <strong data-start=\"919\" data-end=\"990\">critical role in ensuring continuity of employment and job security<\/strong>, thereby strengthening <strong data-start=\"1014\" data-end=\"1055\">seafarers employment rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1063\" data-end=\"1126\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Essential_Elements_of_a_Seafarer_Employment_Contract_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1067\" data-end=\"1126\">3. Essential Elements of a Seafarer Employment Contract in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1128\" data-end=\"1573\">A seafarer employment contract in Turkey is one of the fundamental legal documents in <strong data-start=\"1204\" data-end=\"1234\">Turkish maritime labor law<\/strong> and, pursuant to <strong data-start=\"1252\" data-end=\"1280\">Article 5 of Law No. 854<\/strong>, it <strong data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1316\">must be executed in writing<\/strong>. <strong data-start=\"1318\" data-end=\"1331\">Article 6<\/strong> of the same law outlines the <strong data-start=\"1361\" data-end=\"1383\">mandatory elements<\/strong> that must be included in such contracts. These elements help ensure <strong data-start=\"1452\" data-end=\"1499\">transparency in the employment relationship<\/strong> and contribute to the <strong data-start=\"1522\" data-end=\"1572\">protection of maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"1575\" data-end=\"1621\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"a_Mandatory_Elements_in_the_Seafarer_Contract_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1621\">a) Mandatory Elements in the Seafarer Contract in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"1623\" data-end=\"1691\">A valid <strong data-start=\"1631\" data-end=\"1663\">seafarer employment contract in Turkey<\/strong> must include the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1695\" data-end=\"1753\"><strong data-start=\"1695\" data-end=\"1751\">Name, surname, and residence address of the employer<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1756\" data-end=\"1867\"><strong data-start=\"1756\" data-end=\"1865\">Name, surname, date and place of birth, registration number, and residence address of the maritime worker<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1870\" data-end=\"1967\"><strong data-start=\"1870\" data-end=\"1965\">Name, registration number, gross tonnage of the vessel, and the port where it is registered<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1970\" data-end=\"2018\"><strong data-start=\"1970\" data-end=\"2016\">Place and date of the contract\u2019s execution<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2021\" data-end=\"2065\"><strong data-start=\"2021\" data-end=\"2063\">Job description of the maritime worker<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2068\" data-end=\"2111\"><strong data-start=\"2068\" data-end=\"2109\">Starting location and date of service<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2114\" data-end=\"2219\"><strong data-start=\"2114\" data-end=\"2217\">Type of contract (fixed-term or voyage-based), and if applicable, the duration or voyage definition<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2222\" data-end=\"2275\"><strong data-start=\"2222\" data-end=\"2273\">Agreed wage, its calculation method, and amount<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2278\" data-end=\"2430\"><strong data-start=\"2278\" data-end=\"2428\">Time and place of wage payment, and for compulsory employers, the bank account number where wages, bonuses, and similar payments will be deposited<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2433\" data-end=\"2468\"><strong data-start=\"2433\" data-end=\"2466\">Conditions regarding advances<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2471\" data-end=\"2501\"><strong data-start=\"2471\" data-end=\"2499\">Other working conditions<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2504\" data-end=\"2550\"><strong data-start=\"2504\" data-end=\"2548\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/data-protection-in-turkey\/\">Data privacy<\/a> and confidentiality clauses<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2553\" data-end=\"2674\"><strong data-start=\"2553\" data-end=\"2674\">For stoker and trimmer contracts, a summary of the international agreement approved by Law No. 7292 dated 25 May 1959<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2676\" data-end=\"2851\">These elements ensure that <strong data-start=\"2703\" data-end=\"2772\">the obligations of both parties are clearly and precisely defined<\/strong>, supporting <strong data-start=\"2785\" data-end=\"2850\">the legal protection of seafarers employment rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"2858\" data-end=\"2918\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"b_Collective_Labor_Agreements_and_Union_Provisions\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"2863\" data-end=\"2918\">b) Collective Labor Agreements and Union Provisions<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"2920\" data-end=\"3395\">In addition to the mandatory elements, if mutually agreed by the parties, <strong data-start=\"2994\" data-end=\"3081\">provisions related to trade union regulations and collective labor agreements (CLA)<\/strong> can also be included in the employment contract in Turkey. These provisions allow maritime workers to <strong data-start=\"3174\" data-end=\"3210\">exercise their collective rights<\/strong>, enhance their <strong data-start=\"3226\" data-end=\"3256\">level of social protection<\/strong>, and ensure that the employment relationship is structured in accordance with the <strong data-start=\"3339\" data-end=\"3394\">principles of labor law and fair working conditions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3397\" data-end=\"3738\">Including the above elements in a seafarer employment contract in Turkey is not only a <strong data-start=\"3474\" data-end=\"3495\">legal requirement<\/strong>, but also serves to <strong data-start=\"3516\" data-end=\"3568\">clearly define the mutual rights and obligations<\/strong> arising from the employment relationship. This clarity helps <strong data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3660\">prevent potential disputes<\/strong> and ensures the <strong data-start=\"3677\" data-end=\"3737\">effective protection of maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"281\" data-end=\"366\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Exemption_of_Seafarer_Employment_Contracts_from_Duties_and_Taxes_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"285\" data-end=\"366\">4. Exemption of Seafarer Employment Contracts from Duties and Taxes in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"368\" data-end=\"641\">In Turkey, the <strong data-start=\"383\" data-end=\"415\">seafarer employment contract<\/strong>, whether executed <strong data-start=\"434\" data-end=\"460\">before a notary public<\/strong> or as a <strong data-start=\"469\" data-end=\"497\">simple written agreement<\/strong> between the maritime worker and the employer, is <strong data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"638\">exempt from all official duties, fees, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/vat-in-turkey\/\">value-added tax (VAT)<\/a>, and other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tax-liability-responsibility-in-companies-in-turkey\/\">tax liabilities in Turkey<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"643\" data-end=\"857\">This exemption is designed to ensure that <strong data-start=\"685\" data-end=\"743\">maritime workers are not burdened with financial costs<\/strong> during the contract execution process, thereby making it easier for them to <strong data-start=\"820\" data-end=\"854\">secure their employment rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"859\" data-end=\"1074\">Moreover, this regulation contributes to <strong data-start=\"900\" data-end=\"936\">simplifying the contract process<\/strong> and increasing <strong data-start=\"952\" data-end=\"986\">accessibility for both parties<\/strong>, which supports the broader goal of strengthening <strong data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1073\">maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"344\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-7303\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-800x241.jpg\" alt=\"seafarer's rights in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-800x241.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-300x90.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-1024x308.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-100x30.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-90x27.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki-120x36.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-tazminat-hakki.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"344\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHO_IS_CONSIDERED_A_SEAFARER_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LAW\"><\/span>WHO IS CONSIDERED A SEAFARER UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LAW?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"346\" data-end=\"691\">Under <strong data-start=\"352\" data-end=\"376\">Turkish Maritime Law<\/strong>, a <strong data-start=\"380\" data-end=\"392\">seafarer<\/strong> is regarded as a <strong data-start=\"410\" data-end=\"442\">special category of employee<\/strong> who is not subject to the general provisions of the Labor Code, but instead falls under <strong data-start=\"531\" data-end=\"564\">Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor<\/strong>. This distinction arises from the <strong data-start=\"599\" data-end=\"635\">unique working conditions at sea<\/strong>, which differ significantly from land-based employment.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"693\" data-end=\"984\">The nature of maritime work \u2014 including <strong data-start=\"733\" data-end=\"753\">extended voyages<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"755\" data-end=\"790\">mandatory onboard accommodation<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"796\" data-end=\"836\">heightened occupational safety risks<\/strong> \u2014 necessitates a separate legal framework for those employed at sea. This ensures the effective protection of <strong data-start=\"947\" data-end=\"983\">maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1061\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Definition_of_Seafarer_under_the_Turkish_Maritime_Labor_Law\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"995\" data-end=\"1061\">1. Definition of Seafarer under the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1063\" data-end=\"1154\">According to <strong data-start=\"1076\" data-end=\"1125\">Article 2\/B of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>, a seafarer is defined as:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-start=\"1155\" data-end=\"1259\">\n<p data-start=\"1157\" data-end=\"1259\"><strong data-start=\"1157\" data-end=\"1259\">&#8220;The captain, officers, crew, and other personnel working on a ship under an employment contract.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"1261\" data-end=\"1639\">This definition emphasizes that the main distinction between a <strong data-start=\"1324\" data-end=\"1336\">seafarer<\/strong> and a land-based worker is <strong data-start=\"1364\" data-end=\"1417\">the location where the work is performed \u2014 at sea<\/strong>. In essence, a seafarer is still considered an employee working under a service contract, but the <strong data-start=\"1516\" data-end=\"1536\">maritime context<\/strong> requires that their rights be addressed within the scope of <strong data-start=\"1597\" data-end=\"1638\">seafarers employment rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1689\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Definitions_in_Other_Legislation\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1650\" data-end=\"1689\">2. Definitions in Other Legislation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1691\" data-end=\"1950\">The concept of a seafarer is not limited to the Maritime Labor Law; <strong>it is also defined in other relevant legal instruments such as the Turkish Commercial Code and Seafarers Regulation<\/strong>, which provide broader interpretations:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1952\" data-end=\"2302\">\n<li data-start=\"1952\" data-end=\"2118\">\n<p data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"2025\"><strong data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"2000\">Article 934 of the Turkish Commercial Code<\/strong> defines a seafarer as:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-start=\"2028\" data-end=\"2118\">\n<p data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2118\"><strong data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2118\">&#8220;The captain, ship officers, crew members, and other personnel working on the ship.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2120\" data-end=\"2302\">\n<p data-start=\"2122\" data-end=\"2197\"><strong>The<\/strong> <strong>Turkish Seafarers Regulation<\/strong> expands the definition further by including:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-start=\"2200\" data-end=\"2302\">\n<p data-start=\"2202\" data-end=\"2302\"><strong data-start=\"2202\" data-end=\"2302\">&#8220;Captains, officers, assistant officers, trainees, crew members, and support service personnel.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2304\" data-end=\"2584\">These broader definitions extend the legal scope of who qualifies as a seafarer and allow different categories of maritime personnel to be evaluated within <strong>the framework of Turkish Maritime Law.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"88\" data-end=\"153\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_ARE_THE_REQUIREMENTS_TO_BECOME_A_SEAFARER_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS TO BECOME A SEAFARER IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"155\" data-end=\"260\"><strong>In order to become a seafarer in Turkey, certain conditions must be met.<\/strong> These requirements are set out as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"264\" data-end=\"494\"><strong data-start=\"264\" data-end=\"306\">Citizenship and Educational Background<\/strong>: One must be a citizen of <strong>the Republic of Turkey<\/strong>, or have <strong>received maritime education in Turkey<\/strong> or <strong>the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus<\/strong>, or be of <strong>Turkish descent as a foreign national.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"687\"><strong data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"516\">Qualifications<\/strong>: The specific qualifications stated in the <strong data-start=\"560\" data-end=\"584\">Seafarers Regulation<\/strong> must be fulfilled. These include factors such as<strong> age, level of education, and duration of sea service.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"874\"><strong data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"711\">Health Condition<\/strong>: A prospective seafarer must<strong> provide proof of being medically fit for sea service<\/strong>. This includes meeting the health standards defined by the relevant regulations.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"1112\"><strong data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"897\">Criminal Record<\/strong>: The applicant must not have been convicted of <strong>the crimes listed in the regulation.<\/strong> These particularly include crimes such as <strong>participation in organized criminal activities, drug trafficking, and human trafficking.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1369\"><strong>To be employed as a seafarer in Turkey, all of these conditions must be met, and the individual must work under a valid employment contract<\/strong>. These requirements are designed to ensure the employment of reliable and qualified personnel in the maritime sector.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"55\" data-end=\"119\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SCOPE_AND_APPLICATION_AREA_OF_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\"><\/span>SCOPE AND APPLICATION AREA OF TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"121\" data-end=\"371\"><strong data-start=\"121\" data-end=\"168\">Article 1 of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong> <strong>clearly defines the situations in which this Law is applicable.<\/strong> Within this framework, the basic criteria regarding on <strong>which vessels and under what conditions<\/strong> maritime labor law applies are established.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"378\" data-end=\"481\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Application_Conditions_for_Maritime_Labor_Law_on_Turkish-Flagged_Vessels_of_100_GT_or_Above\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"383\" data-end=\"481\">1. Application Conditions for Maritime Labor Law on Turkish-Flagged Vessels of 100 GT or Above<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"483\" data-end=\"761\">The primary application area of the Law covers vessels<strong> flying the Turkish flag with a gross tonnage (GT) of 100 or greater<\/strong>. On such vessels, seafarers employed under a service contract and their employers are <strong data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"760\">directly subject to the provisions of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"768\" data-end=\"827\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Application_Conditions_for_Vessels_Below_100_GT\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"773\" data-end=\"827\">2. Application Conditions for Vessels Below 100 GT<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"829\" data-end=\"991\"><strong>Even if a vessel\u2019s gross tonnage is less than 100 GT<\/strong>, the provisions of the Maritime Labor Law still apply if <strong data-start=\"939\" data-end=\"955\">at least one<\/strong> of the following conditions is met:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"995\" data-end=\"1089\">The <strong data-start=\"999\" data-end=\"1022\">total gross tonnage<\/strong> of all vessels owned by the same employer is <strong data-start=\"1068\" data-end=\"1086\">100 GT or more<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1092\" data-end=\"1138\">The employer <strong data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1137\">employs at least 5 seafarers<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1399\"><strong>This regulation prevents the exclusion of legal protection due to small vessel tonnage and ensures the collective protection of seafarers\u2019 rights in Turkey.<\/strong> It also prevents employers who own multiple small-tonnage vessels from avoiding their labor law obligations.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1406\" data-end=\"1486\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Application_Conditions_When_the_Vessel_Does_Not_Fly_the_Turkish_Flag\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"1486\">3. Application Conditions When the Vessel Does Not Fly the Turkish Flag<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1488\" data-end=\"1734\"><strong>If the vessel does not fly the Turkish flag, i.e., it is a foreign-flagged ship, the provisions of the Maritime Labor Law generally<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1624\" data-end=\"1640\">do not apply<\/strong>. However, there are exceptional circumstances where the law may still be applicable, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1738\" data-end=\"1790\">The vessel operates <strong data-start=\"1758\" data-end=\"1787\">effectively within Turkey<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1793\" data-end=\"1841\">The employer is <strong data-start=\"1809\" data-end=\"1835\">subject to Turkish law<\/strong>; or<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1844\" data-end=\"1908\">The contract explicitly states that <strong data-start=\"1880\" data-end=\"1907\">Turkish law will govern<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1910\" data-end=\"2159\">While the flag state rule is the primary criterion, factors such as <strong>the place of work, whether the operator has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/company-types-in-turkey\/\">a company in Turkey<\/a><\/strong>, <strong>the nationality of the employer, and the contract terms<\/strong> also play a decisive role in determining the applicable law.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"253\" data-end=\"351\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_ARE_THE_COMPENSATION_RIGHTS_OF_A_SEAFARER_DISMISSED_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\"><\/span>WHAT ARE THE COMPENSATION RIGHTS OF A SEAFARER DISMISSED UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"353\" data-end=\"959\"><strong>One of the most important rights of a worker in Turkey dismissed under maritime labor law is the entitlement to<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"459\" data-end=\"476\">severance pay<\/strong>. These compensations are designed to <strong data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"588\">ensure the social security of seafarers working in the maritime sector<\/strong>, protect the rights they have accumulated during their period of service, and <strong data-start=\"667\" data-end=\"748\">prevent grievances that may arise upon termination of the employment contract<\/strong>. <strong data-start=\"750\" data-end=\"783\">Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor<\/strong> contains special provisions regarding severance pay, <strong>which are shaped specifically to accommodate the unique working conditions of seafarers<\/strong>, differing from general labor law.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"961\" data-end=\"1360\">Fundamental employment claims and compensations such as <strong data-start=\"1017\" data-end=\"1092\">seniority pay, notice pay, overtime wages, and paid annual leave rights<\/strong> are evaluated within this special legal regime. Additionally, <strong>the form of contract termination, the employer\u2019s reason for dismissal, and the length of the seafarer\u2019s employment<\/strong> play a crucial role in determining whether <strong>a right to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/worker-compensation-rights-in-turkey\/\">dismissal compensation<\/a> arises in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1362\" data-end=\"1607\">In this context, <strong data-start=\"1379\" data-end=\"1418\">maritime dismissal rights in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>serve as one of the most significant tools to secure<\/strong> both the obligations of the parties during the termination of individual employment relationships and the social security of seafarers.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"110\" data-end=\"184\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seafarers_Right_to_Severance_Pay_under_Turkish_Maritime_Labor_Law\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"184\">Seafarer\u2019s Right to Severance Pay under Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"186\" data-end=\"447\"><strong>Under Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor, the severance pay rights of seafarers in Turkey are specially regulated.<\/strong> These regulations aim to <strong data-start=\"315\" data-end=\"374\">protect the job security and social rights of seafarers<\/strong>. The fundamental principles regarding severance pay are explained below:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong data-start=\"451\" data-end=\"484\">Length of Service Requirement<\/strong>: According to the Turkish Maritime Labor Law, a seafarer must have worked <strong data-start=\"551\" data-end=\"613\">continuously for at least one year under the same employer<\/strong> to be eligible for severance pay. The severance pay is calculated as <strong data-start=\"683\" data-end=\"735\">one month\u2019s salary for each full year of service<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong data-start=\"740\" data-end=\"761\">Termination Cases<\/strong>: A seafarer is entitled to severance pay if the employment contract is <strong data-start=\"833\" data-end=\"874\">wrongfully terminated by the employer in Turkey<\/strong>. However, severance pay is <strong data-start=\"902\" data-end=\"917\">not granted<\/strong> if the seafarer is detained or if the employer terminates the contract for legally justified reasons.<\/li>\n<li><strong data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1040\">Payment Basis<\/strong>: Severance pay is calculated based on the <strong data-start=\"1083\" data-end=\"1138\">last gross wage at the time of contract termination in Turkey<\/strong>, which includes not only the basic salary but also other <strong data-start=\"1196\" data-end=\"1240\">regular and continuous monetary benefits<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong data-start=\"1245\" data-end=\"1271\">Reasons for Separation<\/strong>: Severance pay is also payable if the seafarer\u2019s service contract ends due to <strong data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1490\">compulsory military service, old-age pension or retirement, disability retirement, or lump-sum payment under social security legislation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1691\"><strong data-start=\"1495\" data-end=\"1512\">Re-employment<\/strong>: If a seafarer is re-employed by the <strong data-start=\"1550\" data-end=\"1567\">same employer<\/strong> and has already received severance pay for the previous service period, <strong data-start=\"1640\" data-end=\"1690\">no new severance pay is paid for those periods<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1695\" data-end=\"1861\"><strong data-start=\"1695\" data-end=\"1715\">In Case of Death<\/strong>: If the seafarer dies, the severance pay entitlements are paid to <strong>the<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/inheritance-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong data-start=\"1786\" data-end=\"1801\">legal heirs in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, ensuring the <strong data-start=\"1816\" data-end=\"1860\">social security of the seafarer\u2019s family<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"1863\" data-end=\"2197\"><strong>Article 20 of the Maritime Labor Law elaborates on these provisions, clearly defining the obligations of employers and the rights of seafarers, including important aspects of maritime dismissal rights in Turkey.<\/strong> Within this framework, severance pay stands out as one of the <strong data-start=\"2073\" data-end=\"2110\">most fundamental financial rights<\/strong> arising from the termination of an employment contract governed by maritime labor law.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"166\" data-end=\"224\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seafarers_Eligibility_for_Severance_Pay_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"170\" data-end=\"224\">Seafarer\u2019s Eligibility for Severance Pay in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"226\" data-end=\"480\"><strong data-start=\"226\" data-end=\"273\">Article 20 of Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor thoroughly regulates the situations in which a seafarer becomes<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"338\" data-end=\"368\">eligible for severance pay in Turkey<\/strong>. These cases of termination and separation that trigger severance pay entitlement can be classified as follows:<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"487\" data-end=\"531\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"a_Termination_or_Resignation_Cases_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"492\" data-end=\"531\">a. Termination or Resignation Cases in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li data-start=\"535\" data-end=\"643\">The employer dismisses the seafarer <strong data-start=\"571\" data-end=\"640\">in violation of the relevant provisions of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"646\" data-end=\"779\">The seafarer <strong data-start=\"659\" data-end=\"723\">rightfully terminates (resigns from) the employment contract<\/strong> due to the employer\u2019s actions contrary to legal rights.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 data-start=\"786\" data-end=\"821\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"b_Grounds_for_Resignation_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"791\" data-end=\"821\">b. Grounds for Resignation in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li data-start=\"825\" data-end=\"920\">The seafarer\u2019s wage is <strong data-start=\"848\" data-end=\"917\">not paid according to legal provisions or the employment contract in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"923\" data-end=\"1045\">The employer acts in a manner <strong data-start=\"953\" data-end=\"1021\">contrary to laws, the employment contract, or working conditions<\/strong> towards the seafarer.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1048\" data-end=\"1143\">The seafarer suffers from a <strong data-start=\"1076\" data-end=\"1140\">disease or disability that permanently prevents work onboard<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1146\" data-end=\"1194\">The vessel is <strong data-start=\"1160\" data-end=\"1193\">laid up for more than 30 days<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 data-start=\"1201\" data-end=\"1239\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"c_Other_Cases_of_Eligibility\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1206\" data-end=\"1239\">c. Other Cases of Eligibility<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li data-start=\"1243\" data-end=\"1322\">Termination of the employment contract due to <strong data-start=\"1289\" data-end=\"1319\">mandatory military service<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1325\" data-end=\"1434\">Termination for the purpose of receiving <strong data-start=\"1366\" data-end=\"1431\">old-age, retirement, disability pension, or lump-sum payments<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1437\" data-end=\"1579\">Termination of the contract due to the vessel\u2019s <strong data-start=\"1485\" data-end=\"1576\">loss, abandonment, capture as a war prize, or loss of the right to fly the Turkish flag<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1582\" data-end=\"1668\">In case of the seafarer\u2019s <strong data-start=\"1608\" data-end=\"1617\">death<\/strong>, severance pay rights <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/probate-in-turkey\/\"><strong>transfer to the legal heirs in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 data-start=\"1675\" data-end=\"1715\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"d_Calculation_of_Seafarers_Severance_Pay_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1680\" data-end=\"1715\">d. Calculation of Seafarer&#8217;s Severance Pay in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1789\"><strong data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1731\">Article 20<\/strong> also sets the principles for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/severance-pay-calculation\/\"><strong>calculating severance pay in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-start=\"1793\" data-end=\"1867\">Seafarers&#8217; severance pay is calculated based on<strong> the seafarer\u2019s<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1845\" data-end=\"1864\">last gross wage<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1870\" data-end=\"2055\">If the wage is not fixed, the total wage earned in the last year is divided by <strong>the number of days worked to determine the<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1992\" data-end=\"2014\">average daily wage<\/strong>, which is then used for the calculation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"2062\" data-end=\"2249\">These provisions ensure the protection of seafarers\u2019 severance pay rights in Turkey upon <strong data-start=\"2141\" data-end=\"2165\">contract termination<\/strong>, reflecting the legal framework of <strong data-start=\"2201\" data-end=\"2248\">maritime termination compensation in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"73\" data-end=\"124\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Notice_Periods_under_Turkish_Maritime_Labor_Law\"><\/span>Notice Periods under Turkish Maritime Labor Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"126\" data-end=\"442\"><strong>According to the Turkish Maritime Labor Law, the notice periods for seafarers align with the durations specified in Labor Law No. 4857.<\/strong> These notice periods are designed to ensure that parties are informed in advance in case of <strong>seafarer&#8217;s contract termination in Turkey<\/strong> and that the employment relationship ends in an orderly manner.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"444\" data-end=\"463\"><strong>Notice Periods in Turkey:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"465\" data-end=\"744\">For seafarers who have worked <strong data-start=\"495\" data-end=\"513\">up to 6 months<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"515\" data-end=\"526\">2 weeks<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"465\" data-end=\"744\">For those who have worked <strong data-start=\"555\" data-end=\"589\">between 6 months and 1.5 years<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"591\" data-end=\"602\">4 weeks<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"465\" data-end=\"744\">For those who have worked <strong data-start=\"631\" data-end=\"664\">between 1.5 years and 3 years<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"666\" data-end=\"677\">6 weeks<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"465\" data-end=\"744\">For seafarers who have worked <strong data-start=\"710\" data-end=\"731\">more than 3 years<\/strong>: <strong data-start=\"733\" data-end=\"744\">8 weeks<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"746\" data-end=\"912\">These periods begin to run from the moment the termination notice is received by the employer,<strong> and the seafarer&#8217;s employment contract in Turkey terminates at the end of the notice period.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"914\" data-end=\"957\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seafarers_Right_to_Notice_Compensation_in_Turkey\"><\/span>Seafarer\u2019s Right to Notice Compensation in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"959\" data-end=\"1353\">If the employer terminates the employment contract <strong data-start=\"1010\" data-end=\"1050\">without respecting the notice period in Turkey<\/strong>, or if the seafarer is <strong data-start=\"1074\" data-end=\"1138\">not allowed to work during the notice period after dismissal<\/strong>, the seafarer has the right to claim payment equivalent to the notice period. This payment is referred to as <strong data-start=\"1248\" data-end=\"1271\">notice compensation<\/strong> and is an important financial right that ensures the seafarer\u2019s <strong data-start=\"1336\" data-end=\"1352\">job security<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1355\" data-end=\"1628\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/notice-pay-in-turkey\/\">The notice compensation in Turkey<\/a> is calculated based on the seafarer\u2019s last gross wage and must be paid by the employer.<\/strong> This mechanism plays a critical role in maintaining balance between the parties during <strong>wrongful dismissal of seafarers<\/strong> and preventing sudden financial hardship for the worker.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"137\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-7301\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-800x182.jpg\" alt=\"maritime dismissal rights in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-800x182.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-300x68.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-1024x233.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-100x23.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-90x20.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti-120x27.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gemi-adami-ucreti.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"137\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_IS_THE_LEGAL_LIEN_RIGHT_OF_A_SEAFARER_UNDER_TURKISH_LAW\"><\/span>WHAT IS THE LEGAL LIEN RIGHT OF A SEAFARER UNDER TURKISH LAW?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"139\" data-end=\"320\"><strong>The seafarer\u2019s lien right in Turkey is regulated by the relevant articles of the Turkish Commercial Code<\/strong> and serves as an important legal mechanism to protect the claims of seafarers in Turkey.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"325\" data-end=\"570\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Seafarer_Claims_and_Lien_Right_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"325\" data-end=\"359\">1. Seafarer Claims and Lien Right in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"325\" data-end=\"570\">According to <strong data-start=\"375\" data-end=\"422\">Article 1320 of the Turkish Commercial Code<\/strong>, the claims of a seafarer against the shipowner or operator <strong>establish a<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/mortgage-in-turkey\/\"><strong data-start=\"495\" data-end=\"513\">statutory lien<\/strong><\/a> on the ship and its appurtenances. These claims include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"574\" data-end=\"623\"><strong>Wages owed to seafarers for their work onboard,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"626\" data-end=\"673\"><strong>Expenses for returning to their home country,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"676\" data-end=\"715\"><strong>Social security premiums, among others.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"717\" data-end=\"798\">This right secures the seafarers\u2019 claims in Turkey and grants them <strong data-start=\"774\" data-end=\"797\">priority in payment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"803\" data-end=\"1178\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Scope_of_the_Seafarers_Lien_Right_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"803\" data-end=\"841\">2. Scope of the Seafarer\u2019s Lien Right in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"803\" data-end=\"1178\"><strong data-start=\"844\" data-end=\"862\">Article 1321\/3<\/strong> o<strong>f the Turkish Commercial Code expands the scope of the lien right by including the shipowner\u2019s right to claim compensation from third parties in case the ship is lost or damaged.<\/strong> Therefore, the seafarer\u2019s claims are not limited to current dues but also extend to <strong data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1157\">future compensation rights<\/strong> related to the ship.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1402\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Seafarers_Right_to_Request_Sale_of_the_Ship\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1231\">3. Seafarer\u2019s Right to Request Sale of the Ship<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1402\">If the seafarer cannot collect their wage claim in Turkey,<strong> they may exercise their statutory lien right by requesting the sale of the ship<\/strong>. However, there are certain limitations:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1406\" data-end=\"1495\">If the operation of the ship is conducted <strong data-start=\"1448\" data-end=\"1488\">unlawfully by the owner (proprietor)<\/strong>, and<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1498\" data-end=\"1546\">In cases where creditors act in <strong data-start=\"1530\" data-end=\"1543\">bad faith<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1548\" data-end=\"1869\"><strong>The owner may prevent the sale of the ship.<\/strong> For example, if the lease contract expires but the lessee does not return the ship and the seafarer knowingly continues to work on the ship, <strong>this situation is legally considered unlawful on the part of the owner and the seafarer is also regarded as acting in<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1855\" data-end=\"1868\">bad faith<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"2227\">In conclusion, <strong>the seafarer\u2019s statutory lien right under Turkish law<\/strong> is a fundamental protection mechanism aimed at establishing a fair and<strong> legal balance in the relationship between the shipowner\/operator and the seafarer.<\/strong> This right both secures <strong>the seafarers\u2019 wage claims in Turkey<\/strong> and regulates the legal relationships between the shipowner and third parties.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"165\" data-end=\"212\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_ARE_THE_RIGHTS_OF_SEAFARERS_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS OF SEAFARERS IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"214\" data-end=\"503\"><strong>Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor is a special regulation covering seafarers employed under service contracts on Turkish-flagged vessels operating in seas, lakes, and rivers.<\/strong> This law defines the <strong data-start=\"406\" data-end=\"452\">working conditions and rights of seafarers in Turkey<\/strong>, forming the foundation of <strong data-start=\"480\" data-end=\"502\">maritime labor law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"829\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Daily_and_Weekly_Working_Hours_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"555\">1. <\/strong><strong data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"555\">Daily and Weekly Working Hours of Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"829\"><strong>The daily working time for seafarers in Turkey is 8 hours, and the weekly working time is 48 hours.<\/strong> The weekly working time is divided equally by <strong>the number of working days per week.<\/strong> For example, <strong>a seafarer working 5 days per week<\/strong> has a daily working time of <strong data-start=\"815\" data-end=\"828\">9.6 hours<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"834\" data-end=\"1180\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Weekly_Rest_Rights_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"834\" data-end=\"869\">2. <\/strong><strong data-start=\"834\" data-end=\"869\">Weekly Rest Rights of Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"834\" data-end=\"1180\"><strong>A seafarer who completes the weekly working time is entitled to weekly rest on the remaining days.<\/strong> However, seafarers on port service and ferry vessels cannot be made to work more than <strong data-start=\"1057\" data-end=\"1076\">6 days per week<\/strong>. The weekly rest right is a <strong data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1126\">fundamental right<\/strong> protecting the seafarer\u2019s need for rest and recovery.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1423\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Seafarers_Paid_Weekly_Holiday_Rights_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1215\">3. <\/strong><strong data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1455\">Seafarer&#8217;s <\/strong><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1215\">Paid Weekly Holiday Rights in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1423\">A seafarer not working on a weekly rest day is paid <strong data-start=\"1270\" data-end=\"1315\">one day\u2019s wage without any work performed<\/strong>. A seafarer working on a weekly rest day must be paid at least <strong data-start=\"1379\" data-end=\"1403\">25% overtime premium<\/strong> on that day\u2019s wage.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1588\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Seafarers_Unpaid_Leave_Rights_for_Travel\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1455\">4. Seafarer&#8217;s Unpaid Leave Rights for Travel\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1588\">Seafarers are entitled to use up to <strong data-start=\"1494\" data-end=\"1531\">7 days of unpaid leave for travel<\/strong>, which is important for their family and personal needs.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1593\" data-end=\"1889\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Seafarers_Annual_Paid_Leave_Rights_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1593\" data-end=\"1621\">5. Seafarer&#8217;s Annual Paid Leave Rights in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1593\" data-end=\"1889\">A seafarer who has worked for the same employer or on the same vessel for at least <strong data-start=\"1707\" data-end=\"1719\">6 months<\/strong> is entitled to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/annual-leave-calculation\/\"><strong data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1756\">annual paid leave in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>. This leave is at least <strong data-start=\"1781\" data-end=\"1792\">15 days<\/strong> for service between<strong> 6 months and 1 year<\/strong>, and at least <strong data-start=\"1847\" data-end=\"1858\">1 month<\/strong> for service of <strong>1 year or more.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1894\" data-end=\"2219\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Right_to_Terminate_Employment_Contract\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1894\" data-end=\"1936\">6. Right to Terminate Employment Contract<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1894\" data-end=\"2219\">If the employer terminates the employment contract <strong data-start=\"1990\" data-end=\"2006\">in bad faith<\/strong>, the seafarer is entitled to <strong data-start=\"2036\" data-end=\"2084\">compensation equal to three times their wage in Turkey<\/strong>. Additionally, the termination notice period is <strong data-start=\"2133\" data-end=\"2151\">6 working days<\/strong> from the date either party becomes aware of the termination action.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2224\" data-end=\"2622\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Social_Security_Rights_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"2224\" data-end=\"2263\">7. Social Security Rights of Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2224\" data-end=\"2622\">Seafarers are covered under the <strong data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2361\">Social Insurances and General Health Insurance Law No. 5510<\/strong>. Employers are obliged to submit the employment entry declaration to the Social Security Institution (<strong data-start=\"2464\" data-end=\"2471\">SGK<\/strong>) electronically before starting to employ a seafarer, and to submit the employment termination declaration within <strong data-start=\"2586\" data-end=\"2597\">10 days<\/strong> of contract termination.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2626\" data-end=\"2734\">Employment without insurance is illegal and may result in <strong data-start=\"2684\" data-end=\"2731\">administrative fines and criminal penalties in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2737\" data-end=\"2837\">Employers must regularly and fully report and pay seafarers\u2019 <strong data-start=\"2798\" data-end=\"2834\">monthly social security premiums in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2840\" data-end=\"3015\">Correct reporting of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/employment-termination-codes\/\"><strong data-start=\"2865\" data-end=\"2885\">termination code<\/strong> <strong>to SGK<\/strong><\/a> is essential, as this affects the entitlement to s<strong>everance and notice pay,<\/strong> and is reviewed by both SGK and labor courts.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3018\" data-end=\"3169\">False termination codes can cause seafarers to lose <strong data-start=\"3070\" data-end=\"3103\">unemployment insurance rights in Turkey<\/strong> and expose employers to compensation claims in future lawsuits.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3172\" data-end=\"3417\">In case of <strong>violation of social security rights in Turkey<\/strong>, seafarers may file complaints with SGK or lawsuits for claims and compensation. Failure to pay premiums may be challenged via a <strong data-start=\"3348\" data-end=\"3381\">service determination lawsuit<\/strong> to document unpaid service periods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Other_Important_Seafarer_Rights_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"3422\" data-end=\"3457\">8. Other Important Seafarer Rights in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"3462\" data-end=\"3542\">Paid leave of <strong data-start=\"3476\" data-end=\"3511\">2 days for the death of parents<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"3516\" data-end=\"3539\">3 days for marriage<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3545\" data-end=\"3628\">Indefinite-term contracts cannot be terminated within <strong data-start=\"3599\" data-end=\"3611\">6 months<\/strong> without cause,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3631\" data-end=\"3693\">Employers must provide <strong data-start=\"3654\" data-end=\"3690\">advances upon seafarers\u2019 request<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3696\" data-end=\"3797\">Employers with <strong data-start=\"3711\" data-end=\"3734\">9 or more seafarers<\/strong> are required to make wage payments through <strong data-start=\"3778\" data-end=\"3796\">bank transfers<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3804\" data-end=\"4136\">In conclusion, Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor protects<strong> the rights of seafarers in Turkey<\/strong> by regulating working conditions, ensuring a <strong data-start=\"3927\" data-end=\"3976\">safe, fair, and dignified working environment<\/strong>. Compliance by both seafarers and employers with these legal provisions forms the foundation for <strong data-start=\"4074\" data-end=\"4089\">labor peace<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"4094\" data-end=\"4135\">sustainability in the maritime sector<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3804\" data-end=\"4136\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SEAFARERS_RIGHTS_ON_TURKISH-FLAGGED_AND_FOREIGN-FLAGGED_VESSELS\"><\/span>SEAFARERS\u2019 RIGHTS ON TURKISH-FLAGGED AND FOREIGN-FLAGGED VESSELS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"332\" data-end=\"581\"><strong>The<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"336\" data-end=\"376\">rights of maritime workers in Turkey<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>vary significantly depending on whether the vessel is Turkish-flagged or foreign-flagged<\/strong>, due to different applicable legal frameworks and working conditions.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"583\" data-end=\"929\"><strong data-start=\"583\" data-end=\"613\">On Turkish-flagged vessels<\/strong>, seafarers\u2019 rights are comprehensively regulated under <strong data-start=\"669\" data-end=\"702\">Law No. 854 on Maritime Labor<\/strong>, which secures their <strong data-start=\"724\" data-end=\"740\">labor claims<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"745\" data-end=\"762\">social rights<\/strong>. This legal framework ensures protection of <strong data-start=\"807\" data-end=\"843\">maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>by setting clear standards for wages, working hours, leave, and termination benefits.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"931\" data-end=\"1278\">In contrast, <strong data-start=\"944\" data-end=\"985\">seafarers employment rights in Turkey<\/strong> working on <strong data-start=\"997\" data-end=\"1024\">foreign-flagged vessels<\/strong> are primarily governed by contractual agreements between the parties and the provisions of the <strong data-start=\"1120\" data-end=\"1166\">Turkish Code of Obligations (Law No. 6098)<\/strong>. Therefore, the <strong data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1200\">vessel\u2019s flag<\/strong> plays a critical role in determining which legal regime applies to seafarers.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1280\" data-end=\"1357\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Labor_Claims_and_Protections_for_Seafarers_on_Turkish-Flagged_Vessels\"><\/span>1. Labor Claims and Protections for Seafarers on Turkish-Flagged Vessels<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1516\">Seafarers on Turkish-flagged vessels, regardless of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/turkish-citizenship\/\">Turkish nationality<\/a><\/strong>, are entitled to rights regulated by the <strong data-start=\"1464\" data-end=\"1500\">Maritime Labor Law (Law No. 854)<\/strong>. These include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"52\" data-end=\"235\"><strong data-start=\"52\" data-end=\"74\">Salary Receivable:<\/strong> These are the basic wages that seafarers receive during specified periods. A seafarer may <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/tax-on-foreign-income-in-turkey\/\"><strong>receive salary payments from abroad<\/strong><\/a> <strong>or from within Turkey. <\/strong>If a seafarer receives his\/her salary from abroad, attention should be paid to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/taxation-of-foreign-sourced-income-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the taxation of foreign-source income<\/strong><\/a>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"237\" data-end=\"369\"><strong data-start=\"237\" data-end=\"265\">Overtime Pay Receivable:<\/strong> These are the wages that seafarers are entitled to for work performed outside of regular working hours.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"371\" data-end=\"481\"><strong data-start=\"371\" data-end=\"403\">Annual Leave Pay Receivable:<\/strong> These are the wages paid to seafarers during their annual paid leave periods.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"483\" data-end=\"604\"><strong data-start=\"483\" data-end=\"518\">Weekly Rest Day Pay Receivable:<\/strong> These are the wages that must be paid when work is performed on the weekly rest days.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"606\" data-end=\"717\"><strong data-start=\"606\" data-end=\"640\">Public Holiday Pay Receivable:<\/strong> These are the wages demanded for work performed on official public holidays.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1793\" data-end=\"1920\">along with <strong data-start=\"1804\" data-end=\"1821\">severance pay<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"1826\" data-end=\"1840\">notice pay<\/strong>, all constituting essential components of <strong data-start=\"1883\" data-end=\"1919\">maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1976\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Rights_of_Seafarers_on_Foreign-Flagged_Vessels_in_Turkey\"><\/span>2. Rights of Seafarers on Foreign-Flagged Vessels in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1978\" data-end=\"2147\"><strong>Seafarers employed on foreign-flagged vessels generally rely on contracts with shipowners or operators.<\/strong> These contracts specify voyage details, duties, and compensation.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2149\" data-end=\"2456\"><strong>Their rights and claims fall under the<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"2188\" data-end=\"2234\">Turkish Code of Obligations (Law No. 6098)<\/strong> rather than the Maritime Labor Law,<strong> which means seafarers employment rights in Turkey on foreign-flagged vessels are more dependent on contract terms<\/strong> and may differ significantly from those on Turkish-flagged vessels.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2463\" data-end=\"2881\"><strong data-start=\"2463\" data-end=\"2478\">In summary,<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"2479\" data-end=\"2515\">maritime worker rights in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>are most comprehensively safeguarded under the Maritime Labor Law for Turkish-flagged vessels<\/strong>, whereas for foreign-flagged vessels, <strong data-start=\"2648\" data-end=\"2689\">seafarers employment rights in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>are mostly contract-based and subject to different legal interpretations.<\/strong> This distinction is crucial for understanding the legal protections afforded to seafarers based on the vessel\u2019s flag.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"131\" data-end=\"204\"><strong data-start=\"131\" data-end=\"204\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/deniz-hukuku-burolari-e1753699258444.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-4831\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/deniz-hukuku-burolari-800x257.jpg\" alt=\"maritime law firm in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"257\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"131\" data-end=\"204\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WORKING_HOURS_OF_SEAFARERS_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"131\" data-end=\"204\">WORKING HOURS OF SEAFARERS UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"206\" data-end=\"610\">A ship is not just a workplace but also a living space for seafarers. <strong>Because of this, the nature of work and voyage durations make seafarers\u2019 working hours different from other workers in Turkey<\/strong>. Seafarers spend long periods on board and cannot rest whenever they want. Therefore, <strong data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"609\">working hours of seafarers are specially regulated under Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"612\" data-end=\"876\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Working_Hours_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"612\" data-end=\"652\">Working Hours of Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"612\" data-end=\"876\"><strong>Seafarers\u2019 working hours depend on the voyage duration and job needs in Turkey<\/strong>. These hours are regulated by the Maritime Labor Law No. 854 and related regulations, and supported by <strong>seafarer<\/strong> <strong>employment contracts<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"862\" data-end=\"875\">in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"1251\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"a_Regular_Working_Hours_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span>a) <strong data-start=\"881\" data-end=\"928\">Regular Working Hours of Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"878\" data-end=\"1251\"><strong>Regular working hours mean the time spent actually working during shifts in Turkey.<\/strong> According to Article 26\/1 of the Maritime Labor Law No. 854, working hours are <strong>8 hours per day and 48 hours per week<\/strong>, divided equally over working days. <strong>There is no difference between day and night shifts<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1237\" data-end=\"1250\">in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1253\" data-end=\"1532\"><strong>Time spent on board but not working (free to move around) is not counted as working hours in Turkey.<\/strong> Court rulings emphasize only actual working time counts as working hours in Turkey. Otherwise, expecting seafarers to work 24\/7 is against human nature.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1534\" data-end=\"1813\"><strong>Working hours include actual hours worked and legally assumed hours worked.<\/strong> However, unlike Turkish Labor Law, <strong>Maritime Labor Law does not clearly regulate assumed working hours<\/strong>, except for certain leaves like marriage or medical reports which count as worked days in Turkey.<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"1815\" data-end=\"2022\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"b_Seafarers_Exempt_from_Regular_Working_Hours_in_Turkey\"><\/span>b) <strong data-start=\"1818\" data-end=\"1874\">Seafarers Exempt from Regular Working Hours in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"1815\" data-end=\"2022\">According to Article 27 of the Maritime Labor Law No. 854, <strong>some seafarers are exempt from normal working hour rules<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1993\" data-end=\"2006\">in Turkey<\/strong>. These include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2026\" data-end=\"2091\"><strong>Chief captain or pilot captains on ships with multiple captains<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2094\" data-end=\"2144\"><strong>Chief engineers on ships with multiple engineers<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2147\" data-end=\"2189\"><strong>Medical staff such as doctors and nurses<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2192\" data-end=\"2255\"><strong>Rescue ship crew whose main job is to save lives and property<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2258\" data-end=\"2303\"><strong>Those working on board on their own account<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2305\" data-end=\"2470\">Although the duties of these individuals differ, the captain <strong>\u2014who is the most important person after the shipowner in maritime labor law\u2014 <\/strong>holds a technical and legal status distinct from other seafarers. The captain\u2019s authority is exercised continuously during the vessel\u2019s navigation, and therefore, <strong>both the captain and the chief engineer are not subject to the standard limits of 48 hours per week and 8 hours per day working hours in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"512\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rest_Periods_of_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"213\">Rest Periods of Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"512\"><strong>The rest periods of seafarers in Turkey are determined in accordance with the voyage plan and the rules stipulated by the Maritime Labor Law.<\/strong> Providing sufficient rest opportunities for seafarers is of great importance for both occupational health and productivity in terms of <strong>maritime worker rights in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-start=\"516\" data-end=\"734\"><strong data-start=\"516\" data-end=\"539\">Weekly rest period:<\/strong> Seafarers are entitled to at least <strong data-start=\"575\" data-end=\"615\">24 continuous hours of rest per week in Turkey<\/strong>. This period is generally provided at the end of the weekly working hours.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"737\" data-end=\"936\"><strong data-start=\"737\" data-end=\"759\">Daily rest period:<\/strong> Although the Maritime Labor Law does not explicitly specify a daily rest duration in Turkey, <strong>working and rest periods must be balanced accordingly.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"737\" data-end=\"936\">Furthermore, according to Article 26 of the Maritime Labor Law, <strong data-start=\"1002\" data-end=\"1051\">weekly working hours must not exceed 48 hours<\/strong>, and while these hours are distributed equally over the working days of the week, rest periods must also be respected.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"1214\" data-end=\"1456\">In summary, <strong data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1301\">seafarers must be granted at least 24 continuous hours of rest per week in Turkey<\/strong>. Other working hours and rest times are organized according to the ship\u2019s voyage schedule and the nature of the work,<strong> in accordance with maritime worker rights in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1458\" data-end=\"1812\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Employers_Management_Authority\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1458\" data-end=\"1493\">Employer\u2019s Management Authority<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1458\" data-end=\"1812\">Although the employer is authorized to regulate operations on board and determine working hours, <strong>this authority must be exercised within the boundaries set by the Maritime Labor Law and relevant legislation.<\/strong> This ensures that seafarers&#8217; rights and working conditions are protected in Turkey.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"2254\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Points_to_Consider_in_Practice\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"1848\">Points to Consider in Practice<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"2254\"><strong>Working conditions for seafarers in Turkey are critically important for occupational health and safety.<\/strong> Employers must show due care for the rights and health of seafarers and act in compliance with <strong>the work arrangements set forth by the Maritime Labor Law.<\/strong> Additionally, the planning and supervision of working hours is vital for creating a safe working environment on board, <strong>in line with maritime worker rights in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"109\" data-end=\"175\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"OVERTIME_REGULATION_FOR_SEAFARERS_UNDER_THE_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"109\" data-end=\"175\">OVERTIME REGULATION FOR SEAFARERS UNDER THE TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"177\" data-end=\"579\"><strong>According to the Turkish Maritime Labor Law, the working hours of a seafarer are limited to<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"269\" data-end=\"310\">8 hours per day and 48 hours per week<\/strong>. Any work exceeding these standard working hours is <strong>considered<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"374\" data-end=\"386\">overtime<\/strong>. While the Labor Law allows overtime based on reasons such as increasing production, public interest, or the nature of the job, <strong>the<\/strong> <strong>Turkish<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"578\">Maritime Labor Law does not specify such justifications<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"581\" data-end=\"618\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Overtime_Pay_for_Seafarers_in_Turkey\"><\/span>1. <strong data-start=\"588\" data-end=\"618\">Overtime Pay for Seafarers in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"620\" data-end=\"1087\"><strong>In general labor law, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/overtime-work-in-turkey\/\">overtime pay in Turkey<\/a> is calculated as 50% more than the regular hourly wage<\/strong>. However, under the Maritime Labor Law, <strong data-start=\"762\" data-end=\"787\">overtime compensation in Turkey<\/strong> is calculated as <strong data-start=\"805\" data-end=\"817\">25% more<\/strong> than the regular hourly wage. That is, each overtime hour is paid at a rate <strong data-start=\"894\" data-end=\"908\">25% higher<\/strong> than the standard rate. <strong>Seafarer&#8217;s overtime wages in Turkey must be paid in full and on time by the employer, according to the time, place, and intervals specified in the employment contract.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1089\" data-end=\"1436\">According to the <strong data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1139\">Court of Cassation\u2019s practice<\/strong>, a method known as the <strong data-start=\"1163\" data-end=\"1185\">&#8220;equity deduction&#8221;<\/strong> is applied. Under this method, it is not deemed realistic for a seafarer to work under the same conditions continuously for long periods; <strong>days taken off due to leave, medical reports, or excused absences are<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1394\" data-end=\"1435\">deducted from the total working hours<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1438\" data-end=\"1479\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Documentation_of_Overtime_Work_in_Turkey\"><\/span>2. <strong data-start=\"1445\" data-end=\"1479\">Documentation of Overtime Work in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1481\" data-end=\"1644\">The employer or the employer\u2019s representative must <strong>post a schedule<\/strong> showing the <strong>seafarer\u2019s shifts, meal breaks, and rest periods<\/strong> in a place visible to the crew.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1910\">In addition, <strong>they are required to keep a separate ledger approved by a notary, in which<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"1738\" data-end=\"1755\">overtime days<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"1757\" data-end=\"1766\">rates<\/strong>,<strong> and the corresponding wages<\/strong> earned by the seafarer are recorded. This ledger and related documents serve as <strong data-start=\"1880\" data-end=\"1909\">evidence of overtime work in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1912\" data-end=\"2263\"><strong>Failure of the employer or representative to maintain this ledger does not invalidate the seafarer\u2019s overtime claims in Turkey.<\/strong> Overtime may be proven through the <strong data-start=\"2069\" data-end=\"2081\">ship log<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"2083\" data-end=\"2094\">payroll<\/strong>, or <strong data-start=\"2099\" data-end=\"2120\">witness testimony<\/strong>. However, if the seafarer has signed the ledger and no records are noted, they <strong data-start=\"2200\" data-end=\"2248\">cannot claim overtime in Turkey beyond what is written<\/strong> in the ledger.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2265\" data-end=\"2310\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Situations_Not_Considered_Overtime_in_Turkey\"><\/span>3. <strong data-start=\"2272\" data-end=\"2310\">Situations Not Considered Overtime in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2312\" data-end=\"2447\">Certain situations outlined in the <strong data-start=\"2347\" data-end=\"2369\">Maritime Labor Law<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"2374\" data-end=\"2400\">ILO Convention No. 180<\/strong> are <strong data-start=\"2405\" data-end=\"2435\">not classified as overtime<\/strong>, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2451\" data-end=\"2533\">Tasks deemed necessary by the <strong data-start=\"2481\" data-end=\"2492\">captain<\/strong> for the <strong data-start=\"2501\" data-end=\"2532\">safety of the ship and crew<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2536\" data-end=\"2601\"><strong data-start=\"2536\" data-end=\"2559\">Customs, quarantine<\/strong>, and other <strong data-start=\"2571\" data-end=\"2600\">health-related procedures<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2604\" data-end=\"2708\"><strong data-start=\"2604\" data-end=\"2683\">Firefighting, abandoning the ship, collisions at sea, man-overboard rescues<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"2689\" data-end=\"2707\">defense drills<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2710\" data-end=\"2872\">Even if these tasks occur <strong data-start=\"2736\" data-end=\"2770\">outside standard working hours<\/strong>, they <strong data-start=\"2777\" data-end=\"2808\">are not considered overtime in Turkey<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"2814\" data-end=\"2859\">seafarers do not have the right to refuse<\/strong> such duties.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2874\" data-end=\"2934\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Inclusion_of_Overtime_Pay_in_Employment_Contracts\"><\/span>4. <strong data-start=\"2881\" data-end=\"2934\">Inclusion of Overtime Pay in Employment Contracts<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2936\" data-end=\"3270\"><strong>Under Maritime Labor Law, it is possible to include overtime compensation in Turkey in employment contracts.<\/strong> However, this practice must remain within <strong data-start=\"3085\" data-end=\"3103\">certain limits<\/strong>. These limits are established in accordance with <strong data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3180\">international standards<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"3185\" data-end=\"3202\">EU directives<\/strong>, aiming to protect the <strong data-start=\"3226\" data-end=\"3269\">health, safety, and rights of seafarers<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3272\" data-end=\"3335\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Characteristics_of_Overtime_and_Emergency_Situations\"><\/span>5. <strong data-start=\"3279\" data-end=\"3335\">Characteristics of Overtime and Emergency Situations<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3337\" data-end=\"3636\">Given that <strong data-start=\"3348\" data-end=\"3383\">rest periods are spent on board<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"3388\" data-end=\"3415\">leisure time is limited<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"3417\" data-end=\"3474\">overtime must be separately evaluated and compensated<\/strong>. Furthermore, <strong data-start=\"3489\" data-end=\"3504\">emergencies<\/strong> encountered during <strong data-start=\"3524\" data-end=\"3535\">voyages<\/strong> or while <strong data-start=\"3545\" data-end=\"3555\">docked<\/strong> may necessitate overtime, and in such cases, <strong data-start=\"3601\" data-end=\"3635\">overtime payments are required<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"376\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TERMINATION_OF_SEAFARER_EMPLOYMENT_CONTRACT_WITH_JUST_CAUSE_UNDER_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"280\" data-end=\"376\">TERMINATION OF SEAFARER EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT WITH JUST CAUSE UNDER TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"378\" data-end=\"571\"><strong>A seafarer\u2019s employment contract may be terminated without notice under specific conditions in Turkey.<\/strong> In such cases, <strong data-start=\"494\" data-end=\"529\">seafarers\u2019 rights in Turkey are protected<\/strong> under the <strong>Turkish<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"548\" data-end=\"570\">Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"575\" data-end=\"776\"><strong data-start=\"575\" data-end=\"599\">Non-Payment of Wages<\/strong>: If the employer fails to pay wages as required by law or the employment contract, the seafarer has the right to <strong data-start=\"713\" data-end=\"759\">terminate the maritime employment contract in Turkey<\/strong> with just cause.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"780\" data-end=\"1033\"><strong data-start=\"780\" data-end=\"800\">Unlawful Conduct<\/strong>: In cases where the employer or the employer\u2019s representative acts contrary to law, employment contracts, or working conditions and thereby violates the <strong data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"975\">seafarer\u2019s rights in Turkey<\/strong>, the contract may be terminated <strong data-start=\"1008\" data-end=\"1032\">without prior notice<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1280\"><strong data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1081\">Violation of Maritime Conduct and Ethics<\/strong>: If the employer or their representative acts against maritime rules or ethical standards (such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/insult-crime-in-turkey\/\"><strong data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1191\">insult<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/fraud-crime-in-turkey\/\"><strong data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1202\">fraud<\/strong><\/a>, etc.), the seafarer has the right to <strong data-start=\"1241\" data-end=\"1266\">immediately terminate<\/strong> the contract.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1282\" data-end=\"1474\">According to <strong data-start=\"1295\" data-end=\"1343\">Article 14 of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>, the employer or the employer\u2019s representative may also terminate the contract without notice in certain circumstances, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1644\"><strong data-start=\"1478\" data-end=\"1504\">Suspension from Voyage<\/strong>: If the ship is <strong data-start=\"1521\" data-end=\"1569\">withdrawn from service for more than 30 days<\/strong>, the employment contract may be terminated without notice or compensation in Turkey.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1648\" data-end=\"1912\"><strong data-start=\"1648\" data-end=\"1673\">Illness or Disability<\/strong>: If the seafarer suffers from an illness or disability that <strong data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1758\">permanently prevents<\/strong> them from performing duties on board, the employer may terminate the contract <strong data-start=\"1837\" data-end=\"1911\">without notice and without maritime termination compensation in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1914\" data-end=\"2401\"><strong>Just as with terminations with notice, terminations without notice also have legal consequences and must be conducted in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law.<\/strong> When an employer or their representative terminates a contract, <strong data-start=\"2182\" data-end=\"2241\">the reasons for termination must be provided in writing<\/strong> and the <strong data-start=\"2250\" data-end=\"2295\">seafarer\u2019s legal rights in Turkey must be protected<\/strong>. If it is not possible to provide written notice, the situation must be documented in an official report.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2403\" data-end=\"2599\">This framework ensures that <strong data-start=\"2431\" data-end=\"2470\">maritime dismissal rights in Turkey<\/strong> are upheld while maintaining a balance between the employer\u2019s operational requirements and <strong>the seafarer\u2019s legal protections<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"167\" data-end=\"246\"><strong data-start=\"167\" data-end=\"246\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/deniz-is-kanunu-kidem-tazminati-e1753699296694.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-4829\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/deniz-is-kanunu-kidem-tazminati-800x232.jpg\" alt=\"international maritime law\" width=\"800\" height=\"232\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"167\" data-end=\"246\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"REPATRIATION_RIGHTS_OF_SEAFARERS_IN_CASE_OF_EMPLOYMENT_CONTRACT_TERMINATION_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"167\" data-end=\"246\">REPATRIATION RIGHTS OF SEAFARERS IN CASE OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT TERMINATION IN TURKEY<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"248\" data-end=\"724\"><strong>In the event of the seafarer&#8217;s termination of an employment contract in Turkey, a seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation refers to their return to the port to which the vessel is assigned, and the obligation of the employer to cover all expenses incurred during the journey.<\/strong> This responsibility lies entirely with the employer. While this right was previously granted only to shipmasters before the enactment of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law,<strong> it is now extended to all seafarers regardless of rank.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"726\" data-end=\"1223\">Although the concept of repatriation is often associated with international voyages, <strong data-start=\"811\" data-end=\"859\">Article 23 of the Turkish Maritime Labor Law<\/strong> <strong>clearly stipulates that if an employment contract ends at any Turkish port, the seafarer must also be repatriated within the country.<\/strong> This provision ensures that when a contract is terminated <strong>\u2014whether due to dismissal or contract expiry\u2014 <\/strong>the employer remains responsible for repatriating the seafarer and covering the associated costs, even within national borders.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1225\" data-end=\"1445\"><strong>This legal safeguard plays a crucial role, especially in cases of wrongful dismissal of seafarers in Turkey<\/strong>, ensuring that seafarers are not left stranded and that their rights are fully protected under national law.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"165\" data-end=\"794\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHAT_SHOULD_A_SEAFARER_DO_IF_WAGES_ARE_UNPAID_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"165\" data-end=\"215\">WHAT SHOULD A SEAFARER DO IF WAGES ARE UNPAID IN TURKEY?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"165\" data-end=\"794\"><strong data-start=\"218\" data-end=\"255\">Seafarer&#8217;s unpaid wages in Turkey<\/strong> <strong>are protected under both Turkish labor law and maritime labor regulations.<\/strong> The non-payment of wages constitutes a breach of the employer\u2019s primary obligation and gives rise to several legal remedies for the seafarer. <strong>The applicable legal framework includes the Turkish Maritime Labor Law (Law No. 854), the Turkish Labor Law (Law No. 4857), the Turkish Code of Obligations (Law No. 6098), the Labor Courts Law (Law No. 7036), as well as relevant international maritime regulations.<\/strong> Legal options available to seafarers in Turkey are outlined below:<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"796\" data-end=\"869\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Mandatory_Mediation_As_a_Prerequisite_for_Filing_a_Lawsuit\"><\/span>1. <strong data-start=\"803\" data-end=\"867\">Mandatory Mediation (As a Prerequisite for Filing a Lawsuit)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"870\" data-end=\"1193\"><strong>According to Article 3 of the Labor Courts Law No. 7036, mediation is mandatory before <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/file-a-lawsuit-in-turkey\/\">filing a lawsuit<\/a> in maritime labor disputes in Turkey<\/strong>. This rule also applies to seafarers working under the Maritime Labor Law. Therefore, <strong>a seafarer whose wages remain unpaid must first apply to a certified mediator<\/strong> in an attempt to resolve the dispute.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1197\" data-end=\"1347\">If the parties reach an agreement during mediation, <strong>the resulting document<\/strong> has the same legal effect <strong>as a court judgment and may be enforced directly.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1350\" data-end=\"1516\">If no agreement is reached,<strong> this outcome is recorded in an official report<\/strong>, which the seafarer must then attach to their lawsuit <strong>when applying to the competent court.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1518\" data-end=\"1568\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Judicial_Proceedings_in_Turkey\"><\/span>2. <strong data-start=\"1525\" data-end=\"1566\">Judicial Proceedings in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1569\" data-end=\"1771\"><strong>In cases concerning a seafarer&#8217;s unpaid wages in Turkey<\/strong>, <strong>the seafarer may proceed with litigation only after <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/mediation-process-in-turkey\/\">the mediation process<\/a> concludes.<\/strong> The judicial route to be taken will depend on factors such as the ship\u2019s flag and its geographical area of operation.<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"1773\" data-end=\"1810\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"a_Competent_Court_for_Turkish-Flagged_Vessels_in_Turkey\"><\/span>a) Competent Court for <strong data-start=\"1781\" data-end=\"1808\">Turkish-Flagged Vessels in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"1811\" data-end=\"2199\"><strong>If the dispute arises between a seafarer and an employer on a Turkish-flagged vessel<\/strong>, the case falls under the scope of the Maritime Labor Law. <strong>In this case, labor courts are competent.<\/strong> The authorized court is generally the court located at <strong>the employer\u2019s place of residence or where the work was performed<\/strong> (in accordance with Articles 6 and 9 of the Turkish Code of Civil Procedure).<\/p>\n<h4 data-start=\"2201\" data-end=\"2238\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"b_Competent_Court_for_Foreign-Flagged_Vessels_in_Turkey\"><\/span>b) Competent Court for Foreign-Flagged Vessels in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p data-start=\"2239\" data-end=\"2306\">If the vessel is foreign-flagged, there are two possible scenarios:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2310\" data-end=\"2498\"><strong data-start=\"2310\" data-end=\"2357\">Foreign Flag and Operations Outside Turkey:<\/strong> In principle, the law of the flag state applies. <strong>The seafarer may need to bring the claim before the competent foreign judicial authorities.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2504\" data-end=\"3004\"><strong data-start=\"2504\" data-end=\"2551\">Foreign-Flagged Vessel Operating in Turkey:<\/strong> If the ship operates in Turkey (either permanently or temporarily), and if the operator has <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/establishing-a-liaison-office-in-turkey\/\">a liaison office<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/establishing-a-foreign-company-branch-in-turkey\/\">a foreign branch<\/a>, or owns <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreigners-buying-property-in-turkey\/\">immovable property in Turkey as a foreigner<\/a>,<\/strong> <strong>then the dispute may be brought before Turkish courts under the general provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations.<\/strong> In such cases, the competent court is the <strong data-start=\"2869\" data-end=\"2902\">civil court of first instance<\/strong>, as maritime labor disputes involving foreign elements fall outside the jurisdiction of labor courts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"93\" data-end=\"184\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Labor_Claims_That_Seafarers_Can_Claim_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"93\" data-end=\"124\">3. Labor Claims That Seafarers Can Claim in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"93\" data-end=\"184\">The seafarer may file a lawsuit in Turkey for the following claims:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"188\" data-end=\"206\"><strong data-start=\"188\" data-end=\"204\">Unpaid wages<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"209\" data-end=\"299\"><strong data-start=\"209\" data-end=\"226\">Severance pay<\/strong> (if worked at least 1 year and termination was for a justified reason)<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"302\" data-end=\"394\"><strong data-start=\"302\" data-end=\"325\">Notice compensation<\/strong> (if termination was made without complying with the notice period)<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"397\" data-end=\"477\"><strong data-start=\"397\" data-end=\"413\">Labor claims<\/strong> such as overtime pay, work on official holidays, night shifts<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"480\" data-end=\"514\"><strong data-start=\"480\" data-end=\"500\">Annual leave pay<\/strong> (if unused)<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"565\"><strong data-start=\"517\" data-end=\"547\">Material and moral damages<\/strong> (if applicable)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"567\" data-end=\"666\">These claims can be calculated for periods both before and after the termination of the seafarer&#8217;s contract in Turkey.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"1118\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Appeal_and_Cassation_Procedures_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"706\">4. Appeal and Cassation Procedures in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"668\" data-end=\"1118\"><strong>An appeal can be filed to the regional appellate court (istinaf) within the legal time limit against the first-instance court\u2019s decision (Code of Civil Procedure Article 341).<\/strong> After the appellate court\u2019s decision, <strong>cassation is also possible<\/strong> (if the case value is within the limits). <strong>However, the cassation authority may be limited in labor cases to only appeals, making the appellate court\u2019s decision final.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1120\" data-end=\"1395\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Enforcement_Proceedings_and_Debt_Collection_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1120\" data-end=\"1170\">5. Enforcement Proceedings and Debt Collection in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1120\" data-end=\"1395\">After the court decision becomes final in Turkey, <strong>the seafarer may initiate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/debt-enforcement-in-turkey\/\">enforcement proceedings<\/a><\/strong> with a court order under the Execution and Bankruptcy Law to collect the claim. <strong>The enforcement can be directed at the employer\u2019s:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1424\"><strong>Bank accounts in Turkey<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1427\" data-end=\"1435\"><strong>Vessel<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1438\" data-end=\"1463\"><strong>Equipment on the vessel<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1466\" data-end=\"1518\"><strong>Other movable and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-law-in-turkey\/\">immovable assets<\/a> of the employer<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1520\" data-end=\"1642\">During enforcement, special procedures such as <strong>provisional attachment or negative declaratory actions<\/strong> may be applicable.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1644\" data-end=\"1979\"><strong data-start=\"1644\" data-end=\"1726\">Failure to pay wages to the seafarer in Turkey constitutes a serious violation of rights<\/strong> <strong>and may justify termination of the employment contract as well as cause financial losses.<\/strong> The seafarer should first seek resolution through mediation; if no settlement is reached, they should pursue the relevant judicial remedies to claim their dues.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1981\" data-end=\"2219\"><strong>The competent and authorized court in Turkey is determined based on the nature of the dispute and the ship\u2019s status.<\/strong> After the litigation process is completed and the decision becomes final, <strong>enforcement proceedings can begin to collect the seafarer&#8217;s unpaid wages in Turkey. <\/strong>Working with <strong>a lawyer specialized in maritime labor law<\/strong> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/online-legal-services\/\"><strong>obtaining legal support in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> during this process is crucial to prevent procedural errors and ensure effective management of the case.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"58\" data-end=\"117\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IS_THERE_A_REINSTATEMENT_LAWSUIT_IN_TURKISH_MARITIME_LABOR_LAW\"><\/span>IS THERE A REINSTATEMENT LAWSUIT IN TURKISH MARITIME LABOR LAW?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"119\" data-end=\"624\"><strong>In Turkish maritime labor law, the concept of \u201creinstatement\u201d as found in general labor law is not explicitly regulated.<\/strong> Therefore, even if a seafarer\u2019s employment contract in Turkey is <strong data-start=\"299\" data-end=\"322\">terminated unfairly<\/strong>, the seafarer does <strong data-start=\"342\" data-end=\"396\">not have the right to file <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/reinstatement-lawsuit\/\">a reinstatement lawsuit in Turkey<\/a><\/strong>. Instead, the seafarer may file a claim for <strong data-start=\"441\" data-end=\"462\">labor receivables<\/strong> and, if able to <strong data-start=\"479\" data-end=\"525\">prove that the employer acted in bad faith<\/strong> in terminating the contract, is entitled to <strong data-start=\"570\" data-end=\"623\">compensation under the Maritime Labor Law No. 854<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"626\" data-end=\"981\"><strong>If the seafarer proves that the employer terminated the contract<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"706\">maliciously<\/strong>, they may claim <strong data-start=\"723\" data-end=\"761\">compensation up to 3 months\u2019 wages in Turkey<\/strong>. This compensation aims to <strong data-start=\"789\" data-end=\"820\">offset the financial losses<\/strong> resulting from the unlawful termination of the employment contract and is determined according to the relevant provisions of the <strong data-start=\"950\" data-end=\"980\">Maritime Labor Law No. 854<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"1306\">However, the absence of the right to file a reinstatement lawsuit does <strong data-start=\"1054\" data-end=\"1144\">not reduce the employer\u2019s obligation to protect and substantiate the seafarer\u2019s rights<\/strong> during the termination process in Turkey. The seafarer can present the necessary evidence to <strong data-start=\"1228\" data-end=\"1258\">prove <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wrongful-termination\/\">wrongful termination<\/a><\/strong> and seek their rights through legal procedures.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1308\" data-end=\"1738\">In conclusion, while the concept of reinstatement does <strong data-start=\"1363\" data-end=\"1398\">not exist in maritime labor law<\/strong>, seafarers who are <strong data-start=\"1418\" data-end=\"1440\">unfairly dismissed<\/strong> can claim their <strong data-start=\"1457\" data-end=\"1478\">labor receivables<\/strong> <strong>in Turkey<\/strong> and, if they prove <strong data-start=\"1498\" data-end=\"1539\">bad faith on the part of the employer<\/strong>, have the right to <strong data-start=\"1559\" data-end=\"1583\">certain compensation<\/strong>. It is important for seafarers to <strong data-start=\"1618\" data-end=\"1667\">fully understand their rights and obligations<\/strong> under maritime labor law and to <strong data-start=\"1700\" data-end=\"1722\">seek legal support<\/strong> when necessary.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"128\" data-end=\"193\"><strong data-start=\"128\" data-end=\"193\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/deniz-is-kanunu-fazla-mesai-e1753699366543.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-us_800_400 wp-image-4827\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/deniz-is-kanunu-fazla-mesai-800x259.jpg\" alt=\"seafarers injury compensation in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"259\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"128\" data-end=\"193\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LEGAL_RIGHTS_OF_SEAFARERS_IN_TURKEY_IN_CASE_OF_WORK_ACCIDENTS\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"128\" data-end=\"193\">LEGAL RIGHTS OF SEAFARERS IN TURKEY IN CASE OF WORK ACCIDENTS<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"195\" data-end=\"558\"><strong>Turkish Maritime labor law is a specialized field that governs the working conditions and risks encountered by seafarers.<\/strong> Due to the challenging maritime environment and the constant movement of ships, <strong>seafarers face a high risk of work-related accidents.<\/strong> Consequently, the legal rights of seafarers in the event of a work accident, <strong>including seafarers injury compensation in Turkey<\/strong>, are comprehensively regulated by national legislation<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"560\" data-end=\"1338\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Definition_and_Notification_of_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"560\" data-end=\"611\">1. Definition and Notification of Work Accident in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"560\" data-end=\"1338\"><strong>A work accident is defined as a sudden and unexpected event that occurs while the seafarer is performing their duties or in connection with their work, causing physical or mental harm.<\/strong> It is <strong data-start=\"809\" data-end=\"874\">mandatory for the seafarer to immediately notify the employer<\/strong> of the accident. The employer is then <strong data-start=\"913\" data-end=\"969\">obliged to report the accident accurately and timely<\/strong> to relevant public authorities in accordance with the provisions of the <strong data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1183\">Law No. 6331 on Occupational Health and Safety, Law No. 5510 on Social Insurance and General Health Insurance, and the Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>. Failure to fulfill this reporting obligation may result in <strong data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1284\">legal sanctions against the employer<\/strong> and strengthen the seafarer&#8217;s claim for compensation.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1340\" data-end=\"1874\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Social_Security_Rights_of_the_Seafarer_in_Case_of_a_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1340\" data-end=\"1412\">2. Social Security Rights of the Seafarer in Case of a Work Accident in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1340\" data-end=\"1874\">In the event of a work accident in Turkey, the seafarer has the right to benefit from <strong data-start=\"1491\" data-end=\"1557\">work accident insurance under Law No. 5510 on Social Insurance<\/strong>. This includes <strong data-start=\"1573\" data-end=\"1641\">access to free healthcare services from the date of the accident<\/strong>, entitlement to <strong data-start=\"1658\" data-end=\"1691\">temporary incapacity benefits<\/strong>, and the right to claim <strong data-start=\"1716\" data-end=\"1738\">disability pension<\/strong> if permanent incapacity occurs. In case of death, the seafarer&#8217;s legal heirs are entitled to death benefits and funeral assistance<strong>, all of which fall under the broader framework of seafarers injury compensation in Turkey.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"2395\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_The_Right_To_Medical_Treatment_And_Rehabilitation_Of_Seafarers_In_Case_Of_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"1920\">3. The Right To Medical Treatment And Rehabilitation Of Seafarers In Case Of Work Accident in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1876\" data-end=\"2395\">All medical interventions, treatments, and rehabilitation expenses required due to the work accident in Turkey are to be <strong data-start=\"2034\" data-end=\"2096\">covered by the employer or the social security institution<\/strong>. The employer is responsible for <strong data-start=\"2130\" data-end=\"2253\">taking necessary measures to address health problems arising from the accident and for monitoring the treatment process in Turkey<\/strong>. Rehabilitation is vital for the seafarer\u2019s recovery of working capacity, <strong>and the employer\u2019s responsibility continues throughout this period.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2962\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Job_Security_and_Prohibition_of_Dismissal\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2445\">4. Job Security and Prohibition of Dismissal<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2397\" data-end=\"2962\">Under the Turkish Maritime Labor Law and general labor law principles, a seafarer who suffers a work accident in Turkey is <strong data-start=\"2553\" data-end=\"2602\">afforded special protection against dismissal<\/strong>. The employer <strong data-start=\"2617\" data-end=\"2734\">cannot terminate the employment contract unfairly due to temporary or permanent incapacity caused by the accident<\/strong>. If the employment contract is terminated on such grounds, the employer\u2019s right to dismiss in Turkey is <strong data-start=\"2829\" data-end=\"2843\">restricted<\/strong>, and the injured seafarer has the right to claim <strong data-start=\"2893\" data-end=\"2961\">compensation and other entitlements in Turkey under the Maritime Labor Law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"3506\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Seafarers_Injury_Compensation_Rights_in_Work_Accidents_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"3011\">5. Seafarers\u2019 Injury Compensation Rights in Work Accidents in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"3506\"><strong>If the work accident is caused by the employer\u2019s fault or negligence in Turkey, the seafarer or their legal beneficiaries may file claims for material and moral damages as part of seafarers&#8217; injury compensation in Turkey against the employer.\u00a0<\/strong>Material damages cover <strong data-start=\"3219\" data-end=\"3282\">loss of income, medical expenses, and other financial harms<\/strong>, while moral damages compensate for <strong data-start=\"3319\" data-end=\"3373\">pain, suffering, and violations of personal rights<\/strong>. These claims are shaped by the provisions of the <strong data-start=\"3424\" data-end=\"3505\">Maritime Labor Law, the Code of Obligations, and relevant judicial precedents<\/strong>. The comprehensive framework of <strong data-start=\"1060\" data-end=\"1103\">seafarers injury compensation in Turkey<\/strong> aims to ensure <strong>the full protection of seafarers\u2019 rights<\/strong> following occupational accidents at sea.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3508\" data-end=\"4110\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Protection_of_Rights_and_Legal_Procedures_After_a_Work_Accident_in_Turkey\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"3508\" data-end=\"3578\">6. Protection of Rights and Legal Procedures After a Work Accident in Turkey<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3508\" data-end=\"4110\"><strong>To protect their legal rights following a work accident in Turkey, seafarers must actively pursue legal procedures.<\/strong> This includes <strong data-start=\"3705\" data-end=\"3858\">documenting the accident, notifying the Social Security Institution (SGK), obtaining medical reports, and collecting evidence related to the accident<\/strong>. Should the employer fail to meet their obligations, the seafarer may <strong data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"3993\">seek seafarers injury compensation in Turkey and other rights through judicial channels<\/strong>. Obtaining legal assistance from experts specialized in maritime labor law is crucial to <strong data-start=\"4083\" data-end=\"4109\">prevent loss of rights<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4112\" data-end=\"4486\">In conclusion, <strong>the<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"4131\" data-end=\"4186\">legal rights of seafarers in case of work accidents in Turkey<\/strong> encompass <strong data-start=\"4197\" data-end=\"4301\">healthcare services, social security benefits, job security, seafarers injury compensation claims, and legal remedies<\/strong>. Employers must fully comply with these obligations, and seafarers should be able to exercise their rights effectively, <strong>which constitutes a fundamental objective of maritime labor law.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"83\" data-end=\"185\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"THE_IMPORTANCE_OF_WORKING_WITH_MARITIME_LAW_FIRMS_IN_TURKEY_TO_PROTECT_SEAFARERS_RIGHTS_AND_EMPLOYER_RIGHTS\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"83\" data-end=\"185\">THE IMPORTANCE OF WORKING WITH MARITIME LAW FIRMS IN TURKEY TO PROTECT SEAFARERS&#8217; RIGHTS AND EMPLOYER RIGHTS<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"187\" data-end=\"578\">Working with <strong data-start=\"200\" data-end=\"222\">maritime law firms in Turkey<\/strong> is extremely important for <strong data-start=\"250\" data-end=\"325\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/corporate-law-in-turkey\/\">commercial enterprises<\/a> and individuals operating in the maritime sector<\/strong>. This is because <strong data-start=\"343\" data-end=\"365\">maritime labor law<\/strong> is considered a specialized field governed by its own <strong data-start=\"420\" data-end=\"451\">unique laws and regulations<\/strong>. Effective management of legal processes and protection of rights in this area require <strong data-start=\"539\" data-end=\"577\">technical knowledge and experience<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"582\" data-end=\"987\"><strong data-start=\"582\" data-end=\"632\">Specialized Knowledge of Laws and Regulations:<\/strong> Maritime labor law is regulated by its own specific statutes and regulations. Therefore, it is essential for businesses operating in the maritime sector and ship personnel to work with <strong data-start=\"818\" data-end=\"852\">experienced maritime law firms<\/strong> familiar with this legislation. Experts guide their clients in compliance with the regulations and manage legal processes effectively.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1318\"><strong data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1039\">Need for Technical Knowledge and Experience:<\/strong> Maritime law contains complex technical details unique to the sector. Specialized lawyers and consultants understand the <strong data-start=\"1161\" data-end=\"1199\">specific terminology and practices<\/strong> related to the maritime industry. Thus, they provide their clients with <strong data-start=\"1272\" data-end=\"1317\">appropriate and effective legal solutions<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1322\" data-end=\"1603\"><strong data-start=\"1322\" data-end=\"1353\">Integration with Labor Law:<\/strong> Maritime law not only covers sector-specific legal regulations but also encompasses <strong data-start=\"1438\" data-end=\"1473\">general principles of labor law<\/strong>. Maritime law firms can apply labor law provisions analogously when necessary, offering their clients <strong data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1602\">comprehensive services<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1914\"><strong data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1642\">Expertise in International Law:<\/strong> The maritime sector operates on an international scale. Therefore, maritime law firms need to be specialized in <strong data-start=\"1755\" data-end=\"1837\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/contract-law-in-turkey\/\">international contract law<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/business-law-in-turkey\/\">international trade law<\/a>, and maritime accident law<\/strong>. This expertise is important to meet<strong> clients\u2019 international legal needs<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1914\">\n<p data-start=\"1436\" data-end=\"1990\"><strong data-start=\"1436\" data-end=\"1472\">Overcoming the Language Barrier:<\/strong> In international maritime operations, legal documents, contracts, and dispute resolution processes often <strong>require multilingual communication.<\/strong> Maritime law firms with <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/english-speaking-lawyer-in-turkey\/\">English speaking lawyers<\/a><\/strong> or i<strong>nternational collaboration networks<\/strong> are better equipped <strong>to bridge communication gaps between parties from different legal and linguistic backgrounds.<\/strong> Effective legal representation in such cases hinges not only on legal knowledge but also on the ability to communicate that knowledge clearly and accurately in multiple languages.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1916\" data-end=\"2265\">Working with maritime law firms provides <strong data-start=\"1957\" data-end=\"2076\">legal support in a specialized area that requires technical knowledge, experience, and an international perspective<\/strong> for businesses and individuals operating in the maritime sector. This enables clients to receive <strong data-start=\"2174\" data-end=\"2264\">effective and reliable solutions tailored to the complexities of the maritime industry<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-html\"><div class=\"cb-legal-box\">\n    <div class=\"cb-legal-inner\">\n        <p class=\"cb-legal-text\">\n            You can explore our other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/blog\/\" class=\"cb-legal-link\">articles<\/a> or contact us for your legal support inquiries.\n        <\/p>\n        <div class=\"cb-legal-action\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/contact-us\/\" class=\"cb-legal-btn\">Contact Us<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.cb-legal-box {\n    background: #ffffff;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516; \n    border-radius: 8px;\n    padding: 30px;\n    margin: 30px auto;\n    width: 100%;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\n    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\n}\n\n.cb-legal-inner {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: space-between;\n    gap: 30px;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-text {\n    margin: 0;\n    font-size: 19px;\n    color: #333333;\n    line-height: 1.5;\n    flex: 2;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-link {\n    color: #8b3516;\n    text-decoration: underline;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-action {\n    flex: 1;\n    text-align: right;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn {\n    display: inline-block;\n    background-color: #8b3516;\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n    padding: 14px 28px;\n    border-radius: 5px;\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    transition: all 0.3s ease;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn:hover {\n    background-color: #000000;\n    border-color: #000000;\n}\n\n\/* MOB\u0130LDEK\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dcNT\u00dcY\u00dc D\u00dcZELTEN KISIM *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .cb-legal-box {\n        padding: 20px 15px; \/* Yan bo\u015fluklar\u0131 azaltt\u0131k *\/\n        margin: 20px 0;\n        width: 100% !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-inner {\n        flex-direction: column !important;\n        gap: 15px; \/* Yaz\u0131 ve buton aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fu daraltt\u0131k *\/\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-text {\n        font-size: 16px; \/* Yaz\u0131y\u0131 mobilde bir t\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltt\u00fck ki s\u0131\u011fs\u0131n *\/\n        text-align: center !important;\n        width: 100%;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-action {\n        width: 100%;\n        text-align: center !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-btn {\n        width: 80%; \/* Butonun ekran\u0131 komple bo\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in %80 yapt\u0131k *\/\n        padding: 12px 20px;\n        font-size: 15px;\n        display: inline-block; \/* Block yerine inline-block + %80 daha zarif durur *\/\n    }\n}\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_0a0f4a9a height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>LEGAL DISCLAIMER:<\/strong> The copyright of the articles and content on our website belongs to Av. Orbay \u00c7okg\u00f6r, and all articles are published with electronically signed time stamps to establish ownership. If any articles on our website are copied or summarized without providing a source link and published on other websites, legal and criminal proceedings will be initiated.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"WHAT IS MARITIME LABOR LAW IN TURKEY? The maritime industry is a specialized sector that, due to its unique dynamics and challenges, requires distinct legal regulations. Working at sea involves different requirements and conditions compared to land-based employment. These differences have led to the development of maritime labor law as a separate area of regulation....","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4825,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5031"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5031\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}