{"id":9467,"date":"2026-08-14T11:42:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-14T11:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/?p=9467"},"modified":"2026-08-14T22:36:38","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T22:36:38","slug":"foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Divorce Decrees in Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_small\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/RECOGNITION-AND-ENFORCEMENT-OF-FOREIGN-DIVORCE-DECREES-IN-TURKEY.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9518 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/RECOGNITION-AND-ENFORCEMENT-OF-FOREIGN-DIVORCE-DECREES-IN-TURKEY-800x400.jpg\" alt=\"RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN DIVORCE DECREES IN TURKEY\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/RECOGNITION-AND-ENFORCEMENT-OF-FOREIGN-DIVORCE-DECREES-IN-TURKEY-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/RECOGNITION-AND-ENFORCEMENT-OF-FOREIGN-DIVORCE-DECREES-IN-TURKEY-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/RECOGNITION-AND-ENFORCEMENT-OF-FOREIGN-DIVORCE-DECREES-IN-TURKEY-1024x512.jpg 1024w, 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data-turn-id=\"494cb860-e8a9-4cab-a528-ee4c60b33d15\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-3\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"user\"><\/article>\n<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none &#091;--shadow-height:45px&#093; has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) &#091;&amp;:has(&#091;data-writing-block&#093;)&gt;*&#093;:pointer-events-auto scroll-mt-&#091;calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))&#093;\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:ebecc7eb-5794-48dc-9c89-1dfab4bcfd12-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-4\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 &#091;--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)&#093; @w-sm\/main:&#091;--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)&#093; @w-lg\/main:&#091;--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)&#093; px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"&#091;--thread-content-max-width:40rem&#093; @w-lg\/main:&#091;--thread-content-max-width:48rem&#093; mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal &#091;.text-message+&amp;&#093;:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"f68110e7-489d-4cc9-8295-7ee3aecbd249\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-2\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-&#091;1px&#093;\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full wrap-break-word light markdown-new-styling\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#GUIDE_TO_THE_RECOGNITION_AND_ENFORCEMENT_OF_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECISIONS_IN_TURKEY\" >GUIDE TO THE RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISIONS\u00a0IN TURKEY<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#WHY_IS_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_JUDGMENT_NOT_AUTOMATICALLY_VALID_IN_TURKEY\" >WHY IS A FOREIGN DIVORCE JUDGMENT NOT AUTOMATICALLY VALID IN TURKEY?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#HOW_DOES_A_DIVORCE_DECREE_ISSUED_ABROAD_BECOME_VALID_IN_TURKEY\" >HOW DOES A DIVORCE DECREE ISSUED ABROAD BECOME VALID IN TURKEY?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#1-_Recognition_of_a_Foreign_Divorce_Decree_Through_the_Administrative_Route_in_Turkey_Application_to_the_Civil_Registry_Office_Consulate\" >1- Recognition of a Foreign Divorce Decree Through the Administrative Route in Turkey (Application to the Civil Registry Office \/ Consulate)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#What_Are_the_Conditions_for_an_Administrative_Application_to_Recognise_a_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_in_Turkey\" >What Are the Conditions for an Administrative Application to Recognise a Foreign Divorce Judgment in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Who_Can_Make_the_Administrative_Application_to_Recognise_a_Foreign_Divorce_Decision_in_Turkey_and_Where\" >Who Can Make the Administrative Application to Recognise a Foreign Divorce Decision in Turkey, and Where?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Which_Documents_Are_Required_for_the_Administrative_Application_to_Recognise_a_Foreign_Divorce_Decision_in_Turkey\" >Which Documents Are Required for the Administrative Application to Recognise a Foreign Divorce Decision in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#What_Are_the_Limits_of_Recognition_of_a_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_Through_the_Administrative_Route_in_Turkey\" >What Are the Limits of Recognition of a Foreign Divorce Judgment Through the Administrative Route in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#What_Can_Be_Done_If_the_Administrative_Application_Is_Refused\" >What Can Be Done If the Administrative Application Is Refused?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#2_Filing_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_Before_the_Family_Court_So_That_a_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_Can_Be_Applied_in_Turkey\" >2. Filing a Recognition and Enforcement Action Before the Family Court So That a Foreign Divorce Judgment Can Be Applied in Turkey<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#What_Is_the_Difference_Between_a_Recognition_Action_and_an_Enforcement_Action\" >What Is the Difference Between a Recognition Action and an Enforcement Action?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Which_Court_Has_Subject-Matter_and_Territorial_Jurisdiction_in_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Actions_in_Turkey\" >Which Court Has Subject-Matter and Territorial Jurisdiction in Recognition and Enforcement Actions in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Under_Which_Conditions_Is_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_Filed\" >Under Which Conditions Is a Recognition and Enforcement Action Filed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Which_Documents_Are_Required_for_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_in_Turkey\" >Which Documents Are Required for a Recognition and Enforcement Action in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#How_Long_Does_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_Take_in_Turkey\" >How Long Does a Recognition and Enforcement Action Take in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#How_Much_Are_the_Costs_and_Fees_of_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_in_Turkey\" >How Much Are the Costs and Fees of a Recognition and Enforcement Action in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#How_Does_a_Party_Living_Abroad_Follow_the_Case\" >How Does a Party Living Abroad Follow the Case?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#How_Does_the_Process_Work_If_the_Other_Spouse_Objects_to_Recognition\" >How Does the Process Work If the Other Spouse Objects to Recognition?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Can_Foreign_Courts_%E2%80%9CLegal_Separation%E2%80%9D_Judgments_Be_Recognised_in_Turkey\" >Can Foreign Courts&#8217; &#8220;Legal Separation&#8221; Judgments Be Recognised in Turkey?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#Can_a_Divorce_Decision_From_a_Country_Without_an_Apostille_Be_Recognised\" >Can a Divorce Decision From a Country Without an Apostille Be Recognised?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#IS_THERE_A_TIME_LIMIT_FOR_THE_RECOGNITION_AND_ENFORCEMENT_OF_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECREES_IN_TURKEY\" >IS THERE A TIME LIMIT FOR THE RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN DIVORCE DECREES IN TURKEY?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#1_In_Terms_of_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Requests_There_Is_No_Time_Limit\" >1. In Terms of Recognition and Enforcement Requests (There Is No Time Limit)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#2_In_Terms_of_the_Ancillary_Rights_Attached_to_the_Divorce_A_1-Year_Limitation_Period\" >2. In Terms of the Ancillary Rights Attached to the Divorce (A 1-Year Limitation Period)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#CAN_A_TITLE_DEED_TRANSFER_BE_MADE_IN_TURKEY_WITH_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECREE\" >CAN A TITLE DEED TRANSFER BE MADE IN TURKEY WITH A FOREIGN DIVORCE DECREE?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#1_Review_of_the_Exclusive_Jurisdiction_of_the_Court_in_the_Enforcement_Judgment_in_Turkey\" >1. Review of the Exclusive Jurisdiction of the Court in the Enforcement Judgment in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#2_The_Final_Enforcement_Judgment_and_the_Land_Registry_Registration_Process_in_Turkey\" >2. The Final Enforcement Judgment and the Land Registry Registration Process in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#3_Registration_Through_the_Enforcement_Office_in_Turkey\" >3. Registration Through the Enforcement Office in Turkey<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#IN_WHICH_CASES_IS_THE_RECOGNITION_AND_ENFORCEMENT_OF_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECISION_REFUSED\" >IN WHICH CASES IS THE RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF A FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISION REFUSED?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#ADMINISTRATIVE_APPLICATION_OR_COURT_ACTION_WHICH_ROUTE_SHOULD_BE_USED_FOR_THE_RECOGNITION_OF_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_JUDGMENT_IN_TURKEY\" >ADMINISTRATIVE APPLICATION OR COURT ACTION? WHICH ROUTE SHOULD BE USED FOR THE RECOGNITION OF A FOREIGN DIVORCE JUDGMENT IN TURKEY?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#THE_DISTINCTION_BETWEEN_ADMINISTRATIVE_REGISTRATION_AND_COURT_ACTION_IN_THE_APPLICATION_OF_A_DIVORCE_DECREE_ISSUED_ABROAD_WITH_PRACTICAL_EXAMPLES\" >THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN ADMINISTRATIVE REGISTRATION AND COURT ACTION IN THE APPLICATION OF A DIVORCE DECREE ISSUED ABROAD, WITH PRACTICAL EXAMPLES<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#CAN_A_DIVORCE_CASE_BE_FILED_IN_TURKEY_WHILE_A_FOREIGN_COURTS_JUDGMENT_EXISTS\" >CAN A DIVORCE CASE BE FILED IN TURKEY WHILE A FOREIGN COURT&#8217;S JUDGMENT EXISTS?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#1_Filing_a_Case_in_Turkey_While_the_Divorce_Case_Before_the_Foreign_Court_Is_Ongoing\" >1. Filing a Case in Turkey While the Divorce Case Before the Foreign Court Is Ongoing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#2_Filing_a_Case_Where_the_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_Has_Become_Final_but_Has_Not_Yet_Been_Recognised_in_Turkey\" >2. Filing a Case Where the Foreign Divorce Judgment Has Become Final but Has Not Yet Been Recognised in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#3_What_Happens_If_the_Divorce_Case_in_Turkey_Becomes_Final_Earlier\" >3. What Happens If the Divorce Case in Turkey Becomes Final Earlier?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#CAN_A_PERSON_REMARRY_IN_TURKEY_BEFORE_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECISION_IS_RECOGNISED\" >CAN A PERSON REMARRY IN TURKEY BEFORE A FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISION IS RECOGNISED?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#1_The_Bar_on_Making_a_New_Official_Marriage\" >1. The Bar on Making a New Official Marriage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#2_Major_Risks_in_Terms_of_Inheritance_Law_The_Former_Spouse_as_an_Heir\" >2. Major Risks in Terms of Inheritance Law (The Former Spouse as an Heir)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#3_Being_an_Obstacle_to_a_Marriage_Contract\" >3. Being an Obstacle to a Marriage Contract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#4_Confusion_of_Surname_and_Civil_Registry_Record\" >4. Confusion of Surname and Civil Registry Record<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#THE_ROLE_OF_A_SPECIALIST_DIVORCE_LAWYER_IN_THE_RECOGNITION_OF_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_JUDGMENTS_IN_TURKEY\" >THE ROLE OF A SPECIALIST DIVORCE LAWYER IN THE RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN DIVORCE JUDGMENTS IN TURKEY<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#1_Overlooking_Heads_on_Maintenance_Custody_or_the_Division_of_Matrimonial_Property\" >1. Overlooking Heads on Maintenance, Custody or the Division of Matrimonial Property<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#2_Procedural_Mistakes_in_the_Apostille_Translation_and_Power_of_Attorney_Process\" >2. Procedural Mistakes in the Apostille, Translation and Power of Attorney Process<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/foreign-divorce-recognition-turkey\/#3_Correct_Management_of_the_Public_Policy_Assessment\" >3. Correct Management of the Public Policy Assessment<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 data-path-to-node=\"2\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GUIDE_TO_THE_RECOGNITION_AND_ENFORCEMENT_OF_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECISIONS_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>GUIDE TO THE <b data-path-to-node=\"2\" data-index-in-node=\"13\">RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISIONS<\/b>\u00a0IN TURKEY<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"3\"><strong>According to data from the<\/strong> <b data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"27\">Ministry of Foreign Affairs<\/b>, <strong>the number of Turkish citizens living abroad has surpassed 7.5 million, with approximately 6 million residing in<\/strong> <b data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"169\">Western European countries<\/b>. The fact that the number of citizens returning permanently to Turkey reached <b data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"274\">297,361<\/b> in the <b data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"289\">2023\u20132025 period<\/b> makes the status of foreign divorce decrees within <strong>the Turkish legal order a strategic issue for this large population.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">Indeed, this surge in <b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"22\">cross-border family relationships<\/b> frequently brings <b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"74\">International Family Law<\/b> and <b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"103\">Conflict of Laws<\/b> issues to the forefront during <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/guide-to-divorce-in-turkey\/\"><strong>divorce process in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>, raising questions such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><strong><i data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">&#8220;Which country&#8217;s law will apply in the divorce lawsuit?&#8221;<\/i><\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><strong><i data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">&#8220;How will the jurisdiction of the foreign court be evaluated?&#8221;<\/i><\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\"><strong><i data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">&#8220;Does a judgment rendered abroad directly produce legal consequences in Turkey?&#8221;<\/i><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6\">Even if a foreign court decision has become <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"44\">final and binding<\/b> in the country where it was issued, as a rule, it <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"112\">does not automatically take effect or produce legal consequences in Turkey<\/b>. Under Turkish legislation, this matter is resolved within the framework of <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"263\">two fundamental legal regulations<\/b> and through <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"309\">two separate legal avenues<\/b>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Administrative Avenue:<\/b> An administrative application submitted to the <b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"70\">Civil Registration Office<\/b>\u00a0or <b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"117\">Foreign Representations (Consulates)<\/b> <b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"154\">without the need to file a lawsuit<\/b> (<b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"190\">Article 27\/A of the Population Services Law No. 5490<\/b>).<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Judicial Avenue:<\/b> A <b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"19\">Recognition and Enforcement Lawsuit<\/b> filed before the <b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"72\">Family Court<\/b> (<b data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"86\">Law No. 5718 on Private International Law and International Civil Procedure Law \u2013 IPPL \/ <i data-path-to-node=\"7,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"175\">M\u00d6HUK<\/i><\/b>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"8\">In this study, the requirements, principles of implementation, effects on <b data-path-to-node=\"8\" data-index-in-node=\"74\">personal status law<\/b>, and the <b data-path-to-node=\"8\" data-index-in-node=\"103\">delicate legal nuances<\/b> that distinguish administrative and judicial processes regarding<strong> the implementation of foreign divorce decrees in Turkey<\/strong> are examined in detail.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox us_custom_aea21514 iconpos_left style_default color_secondary align_left no_title\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-icon\" style=\"font-size:30px;\"><i class=\"far fa-gavel\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"w-iconbox-meta\"><div class=\"w-iconbox-text\"><p data-path-to-node=\"2\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Article 50 of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=5718&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPPL (M\u00d6HUK)<\/a> \u2013 Enforcement Decision: <\/b>The execution in Turkey of enforceable judgments rendered by foreign courts regarding civil lawsuits that have become final and binding according to the laws of that state is subject to an enforcement decision issued by the competent Turkish court.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"WHY_IS_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_JUDGMENT_NOT_AUTOMATICALLY_VALID_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>WHY IS A FOREIGN DIVORCE JUDGMENT NOT AUTOMATICALLY VALID IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under the principle of state sovereignty<\/strong>, judgments handed down by the judicial organs of a state are, as a rule, binding <b>only within the sovereign borders of that state<\/b>. As a natural result of this principle, <strong>a divorce judgment given by the court of a foreign country produces no effect of its own in the Turkish legal system.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A foreign court judgment acquires legal validity in Turkey<\/strong> only once it is <strong>recognised<\/strong> by the Turkish judicial or administrative authorities. This is the starting point of <strong>Law No. 5718 <em>on Private International Law and Procedural Law (PILA)<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>People who divorced abroad but never had that judgment registered in Turkey<\/strong> keep <strong>appearing as married<\/strong> in the Turkish population registry. This is not a simple piece of missing paperwork; it produces the following direct and serious results <strong>for a person&#8217;s legal status<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bar on Remarriage:<\/strong> Because the marriage is still shown as subsisting in the population records, it is legally impossible for the person <strong>to remarry in Turkey or before Turkish consulates<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Serious Risks in Terms of Inheritance Law:<\/strong> A party who appears married in the population records keeps <strong>the status of a statutory heir<\/strong> in practice for as long as the recognition procedure is not completed. An unrecognised divorce judgment in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/probate-in-turkey\/\"><strong>an inheritance transfer procedure in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> turns into <strong>a heavy procedural problem that locks the distribution of the estate.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Proof of Marital Status in Official Transactions:<\/strong> <strong>Failure to prove marital status correctly in the purchase or sale of real estate, in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/title-search-process-in-turkey\/\">family residence annotation<\/a>, or in official transactions before banks and state bodies<\/strong> leads to loss of rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HOW_DOES_A_DIVORCE_DECREE_ISSUED_ABROAD_BECOME_VALID_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>HOW DOES A DIVORCE DECREE ISSUED ABROAD BECOME VALID IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Turkish law provides<strong> two separate and independent routes<\/strong> for <strong>the recognition of a foreign court&#8217;s divorce decree<\/strong> and <strong>its registration in the population records in Turkey<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Administrative Route:<\/strong> An <strong>application for administrative registration<\/strong> made through the Civil Registry Office or Turkish diplomatic missions (consulates)<strong> <em>(Civil Registry Services Law Art. 27\/A)<\/em>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Judicial Route:<\/strong> A <strong>Recognition and Enforcement Action<\/strong> filed before the Family Court <strong><em>(PILA Art. 50 etc.)<\/em>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which route is chosen for <strong>the recognition and application of a foreign divorce judgment in Turkey<\/strong> depends on <strong>the content of the foreign court&#8217;s judgment, the secondary heads contained in it (custody, alimony, compensation) and the attitude of the parties during the application<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-_Recognition_of_a_Foreign_Divorce_Decree_Through_the_Administrative_Route_in_Turkey_Application_to_the_Civil_Registry_Office_Consulate\"><\/span>1- Recognition of a Foreign Divorce Decree Through the Administrative Route in Turkey (Application to the Civil Registry Office \/ Consulate)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>This method, also known informally as <strong>&#8220;registration of a divorce without a court case&#8221;<\/strong> or<strong> &#8220;the simple procedure&#8221;<\/strong>, entered the Turkish legal system with <strong>Article 27\/A of Civil Registry Services Law No. 5490<\/strong>. Thanks to this route, <strong>foreign divorce decrees that meet the conditions are entered directly in the population registry without any need to file a court case.<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong><em>Civil Registry Services Law Article 27\/A:<\/em><\/strong><em> &#8220;Decisions given by the judicial or administrative authorities of a foreign country <strong>concerning divorce, the nullity or annulment of a marriage, or the determination of whether a marriage exists<\/strong> shall be registered in the civil registry, provided that the parties apply jointly, in person or through their representatives, that the decision was given by <strong>an authority competent in the matter under the laws of the state where it was given, that it has become final in accordance with procedure, and that it is not manifestly contrary to Turkish public policy<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_the_Conditions_for_an_Administrative_Application_to_Recognise_a_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_in_Turkey\"><\/span>What Are the Conditions for an Administrative Application to Recognise a Foreign Divorce Judgment in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For <strong>the administrative registration of a divorce judgment issued abroad to be accepted under Turkish law<\/strong>, the following three basic conditions must be met <strong>together (cumulatively)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Competent Authority and Finality:<\/strong> The judgment must have been given by<strong> a competent foreign judicial or administrative authority<\/strong> and must have <strong>become final<\/strong> in accordance with the procedure of the legislation of that country,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Public Policy:<\/strong> The judgment must not be<strong> manifestly contrary to Turkish public policy<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Joint Application Rule and Its Exceptions:<\/strong> As a rule, the application must be <strong>made jointly by the parties<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_Can_Make_the_Administrative_Application_to_Recognise_a_Foreign_Divorce_Decision_in_Turkey_and_Where\"><\/span>Who Can Make the Administrative Application to Recognise a Foreign Divorce Decision in Turkey, and Where?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The persons who may apply for <strong>the registration of a foreign court&#8217;s divorce decision in the population registry without a court case (administrative recognition)<\/strong> and the conditions of representation are<strong> limited by law.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5\"><strong>Rule 1: The Joint Application Requirement<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6\">The most basic condition for the recognition of a foreign divorce decree through administrative registration is that <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"37\">the divorced former spouses make the application together.<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7\">The spouses;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\">if they are in Turkey, must go together to the <b data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"26\">Provincial\/District Civil Registry Offices<\/b>,<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"8,1,0\">if they are abroad, must apply together to the <b data-path-to-node=\"8,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"28\">Turkish diplomatic missions (consulate\/embassy)<\/b> and sign the form.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9,0\"><strong>There is no requirement that the spouses apply at the same moment or on the same day.<\/strong> Spouses living in different countries or cities may also complete their applications <b data-path-to-node=\"9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"189\">by going separately, within 90 days<\/b>, to the consulate or civil registry office closest to them.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11\"><strong>Rule 2: Application Through a Representative or Attorney<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"12\">If the spouses have no possibility of going to the civil registry office or the consulate in person, <strong>the process can be carried out through attorneys:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Special Power of Attorney:<\/b> In the power of attorney they give to their lawyers or to the representatives they authorise, the parties must define a special authority <b data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"113\">&#8220;to apply for the registration in the civil registry and the recognition of a foreign court&#8217;s divorce judgment&#8221;<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Attorney for One Spouse \/ Personal Application by the Other:<\/b> While one spouse applies in person, the other spouse may give a <strong>special power of attorney<\/strong> to a lawyer or representative in Turkey so that the application is completed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"15\"><strong>Rule 3: Exceptional Situations<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"16\"><strong>Under Law No. 5490, the rule in an administrative application for the recognition of a foreign divorce decree in Turkey is that the parties act together.<\/strong> However, with the amendment made in 2020, where one of the parties <strong>is a <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/turkish-citizenship\/\"><strong>foreign national<\/strong><\/a> or <strong>has died<\/strong>, <strong>the other party who is a Turkish citizen was given the possibility of applying to the administration alone<\/strong>. In the following cases the application for administrative registration is accepted <b data-path-to-node=\"16\" data-index-in-node=\"42\">on the request of a single party or interested person<\/b>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Death of One of the Spouses:<\/b> If one of the spouses <strong>has died<\/strong> after the divorce before the foreign court, the surviving spouse may make<strong> the application for administrative registration alone<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">One of the Spouses Being a Foreign National:<\/b> If one of the former spouses is <strong>a citizen of a foreign country<\/strong>, the spouse who is a Turkish citizen may <b data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"118\">alone<\/b> <strong>apply to the Civil Registry Office or to the diplomatic missions<\/strong> and request<strong> the registration<\/strong> of the foreign court&#8217;s divorce judgment. <strong>The foreign spouse does not need to join the application or to give a power of attorney.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Statutory Heirs with a Legal Interest:<\/b> Where both of the divorced parties <strong>have died<\/strong>, <b data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"139\">the statutory heirs<\/b> (children, for example) whose <strong>inheritance rights and lineage are affected<\/strong> and who have not <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/disclaimer-of-inheritance\/\">rejected the inheritance in Turkey<\/a><\/strong> may request administrative registration.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div style=\"max-width: 680px; margin: 20px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 9px; text-align: center; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udccc Who Can Apply for Administrative Recognition in Turkey?<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 210px; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udc65 The Rule<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px; background: #fffdfb; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.45;\">\n<p><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">The former spouses apply together.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In Turkey the application may be made to the Civil Registry Office, and abroad to the Turkish diplomatic mission.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 210px; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83c\udf0d Foreign Spouse<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px; background: #fffdfb; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.45;\">Where one of the spouses is <strong>a citizen of a foreign country<\/strong>, the spouse who is a Turkish citizen may apply alone.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 210px; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udd4a\ufe0f Death of a Spouse<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px; background: #fffdfb; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.45;\">Where one of the spouses has died, <strong>the surviving spouse may apply alone<\/strong>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 210px; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 8px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udc69\u200d\ud83d\udc67 Statutory Heirs<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px; background: #fffdfb; text-align: center; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.45;\">In certain cases where both parties have died, <strong>the statutory heirs with a legal interest<\/strong> may apply.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Documents_Are_Required_for_the_Administrative_Application_to_Recognise_a_Foreign_Divorce_Decision_in_Turkey\"><\/span>Which Documents Are Required for the Administrative Application to Recognise a Foreign Divorce Decision in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The compulsory documents that must be <strong>submitted in full<\/strong> in<strong> the administrative registration of a foreign court&#8217;s divorce decision<\/strong> before civil registry offices or consulates in Turkey are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Original of the Text of the Foreign Judgment:<\/strong> The official copy issued by the competent court or administrative authority that gave the judgment, <strong>wet-signed and sealed.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Certificate of Finality (Document of Finality):<\/strong> The <strong>annotation showing that the divorce judgment has become final<\/strong> under the legislation of that country. <em>(In some countries this wording appears on the text of the judgment itself, while in countries such as Germany or Austria a separate <strong>&#8220;Rechtskraftvermerk&#8221;<\/strong> document is required.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Apostille or Consular Certification:<\/strong> An <strong>apostille<\/strong> for judgments obtained from countries party to the 1961 Hague Convention; for countries not party to the convention, <strong>certification by the Turkish diplomatic mission<\/strong> in the country concerned.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Notarised Turkish Translation:<\/strong> The Turkish translation of the judgment, of the finality annotation and of the apostille, <strong>made by a sworn translator<\/strong> and <strong>certified by a notary public<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Identity Documents and Special Power of Attorney:<\/strong> Copies of the applying parties&#8217;<strong> Turkish ID card \/ passport<\/strong>; if the matter is handled through a lawyer in Turkey, a <strong>special power of attorney<\/strong> whose text expressly contains the authority of recognition and registration.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9044 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-800x204.jpg\" alt=\" foreign court divorce decision in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-800x204.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-300x77.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-1024x261.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-100x26.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-90x23.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi-120x31.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/tanima-ve-tenfiz-davasi.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_the_Limits_of_Recognition_of_a_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_Through_the_Administrative_Route_in_Turkey\"><\/span>What Are the Limits of Recognition of a Foreign Divorce Judgment Through the Administrative Route in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The administrative registration procedure under <strong>Article 27\/A of Law No. 5490<\/strong> applies <strong>only to judgments that end the marriage bond or determine its existence<\/strong>. The limits of the administrative route are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Judgments Within Scope:<\/strong> Divorce, nullity or annulment of the marriage, or determination of whether the marriage exists.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Outside Scope (Enforceable) Heads:<\/strong> Heads contained in the foreign court&#8217;s judgment such as <strong>custody, maintenance, pecuniary\/non-pecuniary compensation or the division of matrimonial property, or a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/domestic-violence-in-turkey\/\">restraining order<\/a><\/strong> cannot acquire validity in Turkey through an administrative application.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>If the judgment contains such <strong>ancillary and enforceable heads<\/strong> and these are to be enforced in Turkey, <strong>an enforcement action must be filed before the Family Court. <\/strong>Where a parent to whom custody was not given in the foreign court&#8217;s judgment <strong>brings the child to Turkey without the other spouse&#8217;s consent<\/strong> or <strong>contrary to the judgment,<\/strong> the matter may fall within the scope of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/parental-abduction\/\"><strong>International Parental Abduction<\/strong><\/a>. In such situations the provisions of the 1980 Hague Convention are applied and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/international-child-abduction\/\"><strong>an action for the return of the abducted child<\/strong><\/a> <strong>together with administrative and legal procedures<\/strong> come onto the agenda.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Can_Be_Done_If_the_Administrative_Application_Is_Refused\"><\/span>What Can Be Done If the Administrative Application Is Refused?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The civil registry office or the Turkish consulates<\/strong> may refuse the registration request if their examination leads them to conclude that <strong>the divorce judgment given by the foreign court does not meet the conditions in the legislation<\/strong>.<strong> Where the administrative application is refused<\/strong>, the following routes are available:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Filing a Recognition Action Directly Before the Family Court:<\/strong> Instead of going to the administrative court for the annulment of the administrative decision, taking the matter <strong>directly to the Family Court is the most practical and fastest route in Turkish legal practice.<\/strong> The court subjects the decision refused by the administrative authority to <strong>an independent judicial examination<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Filing a Case Before the Administrative Judiciary:<\/strong> A case may be filed before the <strong>administrative courts<\/strong> for the annulment of the administrative act; however, in terms of avoiding loss of rights and reaching a final solution, <strong>the Family Court route is always more effective.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Filing_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_Before_the_Family_Court_So_That_a_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_Can_Be_Applied_in_Turkey\"><\/span>2. Filing a Recognition and Enforcement Action Before the Family Court So That a Foreign Divorce Judgment Can Be Applied in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Where <strong>the conditions for administrative registration cannot be met,<\/strong> where <strong>the parties do not agree to apply jointly,<\/strong> or where <strong>the foreign court&#8217;s judgment contains enforceable heads, a foreign divorce decree can acquire validity in Turkey only through the judicial route.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The judicial process is regulated in detail in <strong>Articles 50 to 59 of Law No. 5718 <em>on Private International Law and Procedural Law (PILA)<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_the_Difference_Between_a_Recognition_Action_and_an_Enforcement_Action\"><\/span>What Is the Difference Between a Recognition Action and an Enforcement Action?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although <strong>the concepts of recognition and enforcement<\/strong> are often mentioned together in our legal system, they are<strong> separated by clear lines<\/strong> in terms of the legal results they produce and the conditions sought:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Recognition Action:<\/strong> It ensures that<strong> the effect of a final judgment and of conclusive evidence<\/strong> of the foreign court&#8217;s judgment is also accepted as valid in the Turkish legal system.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enforcement Action:<\/strong> It ensures that the foreign court&#8217;s judgment becomes <strong>actually applicable and enforceable<\/strong> in Turkey through <strong>the compulsory enforcement organs (enforcement offices)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 18px 0;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 9px; text-align: center; border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udccc The Difference Between a Recognition Action and an Enforcement Action<\/div>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: #f6ede9; color: #8b3516;\">\n<th style=\"width: 27%; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Criterion<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 36.5%; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\u2696\ufe0f Recognition<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 36.5%; padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\ud83d\udd28 Enforcement<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Purpose<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">For the foreign judgment to produce the effect of <strong>a final judgment and of conclusive evidence<\/strong> in Turkey<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">For the foreign judgment to become <strong>enforceable<\/strong> in Turkey<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fffdfb;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Type of Judgment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Judgments such as divorce alone or annulment of the marriage<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Enforceable heads<\/strong> such as alimony, compensation, custody and division of matrimonial property<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Result in Turkey<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">The legal status is accepted as valid in Turkey as well<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">The relevant head of the judgment <strong>can be applied through compulsory enforcement<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fffdfb;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Reciprocity<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center;\"><strong>Not required<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center;\"><strong>Required<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>Where only the divorce part of a divorce judgment given by a foreign court is to be made valid in Turkey, <\/b><strong>a recognition action is sufficient and no reciprocity research is carried out.<\/strong> However, if <strong>the enforcement in Turkey<\/strong> of a head in the judgment <strong>such as maintenance or custody<\/strong> is requested, <strong>an enforcement action must be filed;<\/strong> when an enforcement judgment is given, <strong>the divorce part is recognised automatically and the enforceable parts become enforceable.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Court_Has_Subject-Matter_and_Territorial_Jurisdiction_in_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Actions_in_Turkey\"><\/span>Which Court Has Subject-Matter and Territorial Jurisdiction in Recognition and Enforcement Actions in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In actions for the recognition and enforcement of foreign courts&#8217; divorce decisions, <strong>the court with subject-matter jurisdiction is the Family Court.<\/strong> In provinces or districts where a separate family court has not been established, the case is filed before the <strong>Civil Court of First Instance (sitting as a Family Court)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The court with territorial jurisdiction<\/strong> is determined in stages under PILA Art. 51 as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Domicile of the Defendant:<\/strong> The court of <strong>the defendant&#8217;s domicile (registered address) in Turkey<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Residence of the Defendant:<\/strong> If the defendant has no domicile in Turkey, the court of the place where the defendant <strong>resides<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Courts of the Three Largest Provinces:<\/strong> If the defendant has no domicile or residence at all in Turkey, or if the defendant is a foreign national, the case may be filed before one of the <strong>Ankara, \u0130stanbul or \u0130zmir Family Courts<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Under_Which_Conditions_Is_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_Filed\"><\/span>Under Which Conditions Is a Recognition and Enforcement Action Filed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Under PILA Art. 50 and the following articles, the following conditions must exist for <strong>a foreign divorce judgment to be recognised or enforced by the Turkish courts<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Nature as a Court Judgment:<\/strong> The judgment must have been given by the court of a foreign state on a matter of <strong>private law or family law<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Being Final:<\/strong> The judgment must have <strong>become final<\/strong> in accordance with the procedure of the legislation of the country where it was given.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reciprocity:<\/strong> <em>(Required only in enforcement actions)<\/em> There must be <strong>a relationship of reciprocity<\/strong> between Turkey and the state where the judgment was given, based on law, on practice or on a treaty.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Absence of an Exclusive Jurisdiction Bar:<\/strong> The judgment must not have been given on a matter falling within <strong>the exclusive jurisdiction of the Turkish courts<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compliance with Public Policy:<\/strong> The judgment must not be<strong> manifestly contrary to Turkish public policy (to the fundamental principles of public policy)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compliance with the Right of Defence:<\/strong> The defendant must have been <strong>duly summoned and represented before the foreign court that gave the judgment, and the right of defence (the right to be heard) must not have been violated.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Documents_Are_Required_for_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_in_Turkey\"><\/span>Which Documents Are Required for a Recognition and Enforcement Action in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The petition must expressly state the identity\/address details of the parties, the name of the court that gave the judgment, the date and number of the judgment and a summary of its operative part.<\/strong> If only a certain part of the foreign court&#8217;s decree is to be applied rather than the whole of it <strong>(for example, recognition of the divorce head and enforcement only of the compensation\/property division part)<\/strong>, <strong>the request for partial enforcement<\/strong> must be expressly stated in the petition. The <strong>compulsory documents<\/strong> to be submitted to the court together with the petition in a recognition and enforcement action filed before the Family Court in Turkey are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Certified Copy of the Foreign Court&#8217;s Decree:<\/strong> The official copy certified by the authority that gave the judgment, wet-signed\/sealed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Certificate of Finality (Document):<\/strong> The official document showing that the judgment has become final.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Apostille or Consular Certification:<\/strong> Certification of international validity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Notarised Turkish Translation:<\/strong> Sworn translation and notarial certification of the judgment, of the document of finality and of the apostille.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Special Power of Attorney:<\/strong> Where the case is followed by a lawyer in Turkey, a special power of attorney whose text contains the wording <strong><em>&#8220;to file and conduct an action for the recognition and enforcement of a foreign court&#8217;s judgment&#8221;<\/em> <\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto; margin: 16px 0;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 8px; text-align: center; border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udccc Documents Required for a Recognition and Enforcement Action<\/div>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12.5px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 6%; padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center; font-size: 16px;\">\ud83d\udcc4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27%; padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #f6ede9;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Foreign Court&#8217;s Judgment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">The official copy of the judgment issued by the competent authority<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center; font-size: 16px;\">\u2705<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #f6ede9;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Document of Finality<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">The document or annotation showing that the judgment has become final in the country where it was given<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center; font-size: 16px;\">\ud83c\udf10<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #f6ede9;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Apostille \/ Consular Certification<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">The certification that allows the document to be used internationally<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center; font-size: 16px;\">\ud83d\udcdd<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #f6ede9;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Turkish Translation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">The notarised Turkish translation of the judgment, of the document of finality and of the apostille<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: center; font-size: 16px;\">\ud83e\udeaa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: #f6ede9;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">Identity \/ Power of Attorney<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 7px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Identity documents and, where the matter is handled through a lawyer, a special power of attorney<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Long_Does_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_Take_in_Turkey\"><\/span>How Long Does a Recognition and Enforcement Action Take in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In practice, the most critical factor determining <strong>the length of an action for the recognition and enforcement of a foreign divorce decree<\/strong> is <strong>the defendant&#8217;s address and the service of process<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Where Service Within Turkey Is Possible:<\/strong> If service can be made on the defendant at an address inside Turkey, or if the defendant is represented by an attorney, the process is completed on average in <strong>4 to 8 months<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Where Service Abroad Is Required:<\/strong> In files where the defendant lives abroad and service must be made under <strong>the rules on service abroad (international service conventions\/the consular channel)<\/strong>, the process may extend to between <strong>6 months and 1.5 years<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Much_Are_the_Costs_and_Fees_of_a_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Action_in_Turkey\"><\/span>How Much Are the Costs and Fees of a Recognition and Enforcement Action in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In recognition and enforcement actions, <strong>the costs of the proceedings<\/strong> are determined in Turkish law according to the following principles:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Fixed and Proportional Fees:<\/strong> Actions for the recognition of the divorce alone are subject to <strong>a fixed fee<\/strong>. However, where the enforcement of <strong>performance heads such as compensation or maintenance<\/strong> in the judgment is requested, <strong>a proportional fee<\/strong> may come onto the agenda depending on the situation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Court Fees and Costs:<\/strong> Court costs including the application fee, the judgment fee, the advance on costs, domestic service and expert\/translation expenses vary on average between <strong>20,000 TL and 25,000 TL<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Difference for Service Abroad:<\/strong> In files where service must be made abroad, court costs may exceed this amount because of <strong>consular and service fees<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>(Note: The lawyer&#8217;s fee is separate from the item of court costs and fees; it is freely determined between the lawyer and the client according to the nature of the file, the number of parties and the service processes.)<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Does_a_Party_Living_Abroad_Follow_the_Case\"><\/span>How Does a Party Living Abroad Follow the Case?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Turkish citizens residing or working abroad are <strong>under no obligation to come to Turkey<\/strong> for recognition and enforcement matters. The process can be conducted and concluded <strong>entirely through a lawyer<\/strong>, without setting foot in the country.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The steps to be followed for remote handling of the process are as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Issuing a Special Power of Attorney:<\/strong> A<strong> special power of attorney containing the authority of recognition\/enforcement<\/strong> is issued by <strong>the Turkish consulate<\/strong> in the country of residence or by <strong>a local notary public<\/strong> in that country (with an apostille affixed).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Document Preparation and Planning:<\/strong> So that no time is lost through missing documents in files conducted from abroad, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/online-legal-services\/\"><strong>online lawyer consultancy services in Turkey<\/strong><\/a> are obtained at the outset and the basis of the file and the necessary annotations<strong> (apostille, finality and so on)<\/strong> are planned.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Filing and Following the Case:<\/strong> After the lawyer is authorised, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/file-a-lawsuit-in-turkey\/\"><strong>the case is filed in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>; <strong>all service, hearing and civil registry registration processes<\/strong> are conducted and concluded <strong>by the attorney<\/strong> in person within the scope of <strong>case follow-up in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Does_the_Process_Work_If_the_Other_Spouse_Objects_to_Recognition\"><\/span>How Does the Process Work If the Other Spouse Objects to Recognition?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>If one of the parties does not consent to the process in the administrative application, or the joint application condition cannot be met,<\/strong> recognition can be achieved only <strong>by filing a case before the Family Court<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>At the litigation stage the defendant party <strong>has a right of objection<\/strong>, and the process works as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Grounds of Objection:<\/strong> The defendant may object to the case by claiming that <strong>service was not duly made during the proceedings before the foreign court, that the right of defence was restricted, or that the judgment is manifestly contrary to Turkish public policy<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Examination by the Court:<\/strong> The Family Court judge examines the defendant&#8217;s objections on the merits <strong>within the framework of the PILA provisions<\/strong>. If the objections are found justified, <strong>the recognition or enforcement request<\/strong> may be refused.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Effect on the Process:<\/strong> In Turkish legal practice, objections concerning <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/child-custody-in-turkey\/\">the custody arrangement<\/a>, the amount of maintenance or the division of matrimonial property<\/strong> in particular are the most common matters of dispute, extending the service and evidence-gathering stages of the file.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_Foreign_Courts_%E2%80%9CLegal_Separation%E2%80%9D_Judgments_Be_Recognised_in_Turkey\"><\/span>Can Foreign Courts&#8217; &#8220;Legal Separation&#8221; Judgments Be Recognised in Turkey?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The position is different for <strong><em>legal separation<\/em> <\/strong>judgments, which are often encountered in Arab countries or in Anglo-Saxon law. Under Turkish law, recognition and enforcement concern final judgments that <strong>legally bring the marriage bond to an end<\/strong>. <strong>Judgments that merely interrupt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/marriage-in-turkey\/\">the marriage bond<\/a> or order separation without ending the marriage cannot be registered as a &#8220;divorce&#8221; in Turkey.<\/strong> In that case it must be examined separately whether the legislation of the country concerned<strong> converts that separation judgment into a divorce<\/strong> over time.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_a_Divorce_Decision_From_a_Country_Without_an_Apostille_Be_Recognised\"><\/span>Can a Divorce Decision From a Country Without an Apostille Be Recognised?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The rule that <strong>an apostille is required<\/strong> in the recognition and enforcement of a foreign court&#8217;s decisions before the Turkish courts applies only if the country where the judgment was given <strong>is party to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The procedure to be followed for judgments obtained from countries that are not party to the convention is as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Consular Certification (Chain Certification):<\/strong> After certification by <strong>the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the country<\/strong> that gave the judgment, certification of the judgment by <strong>the Turkish diplomatic mission (embassy or consulate general)<\/strong> in that country is accepted as sufficient.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Translation Requirement:<\/strong> In both cases, a<strong> notarised Turkish translation made by a sworn translator<\/strong> of the text of the judgment, of the finality annotation and of the certification documents must be submitted.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Risk of a Procedural Defect:<\/strong> A missing apostille or consular certification is <strong>a ground for procedural refusal<\/strong> both in the administrative application and in the court proceedings before the Family Court.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9058 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-800x190.jpg\" alt=\"recognition of a foreign court's divorce judgment through an administrative application in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-800x190.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-300x71.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-1024x244.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-100x24.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-90x21.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1-120x29.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yabanci-mahkeme-bosanma-kararinin-idari-basvuru-ile-taninmasi-1.jpg 1408w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IS_THERE_A_TIME_LIMIT_FOR_THE_RECOGNITION_AND_ENFORCEMENT_OF_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECREES_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>IS THERE A TIME LIMIT FOR THE RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN DIVORCE DECREES IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>One of the matters on which citizens who divorced abroad most often hesitate is the obstacle of <strong>a limitation period or an application deadline<\/strong>. This is assessed under two different legal regimes, in terms of <strong>the recognition of the judgment<\/strong> and in terms of <strong>the ancillary rights attached to the divorce<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_In_Terms_of_Recognition_and_Enforcement_Requests_There_Is_No_Time_Limit\"><\/span>1. In Terms of Recognition and Enforcement Requests (There Is No Time Limit)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There is <strong>no limitation period or forfeiture period<\/strong> laid down in Turkish legislation for <strong>the administrative registration in Turkey of a foreign court&#8217;s divorce decision or its recognition\/enforcement before the Family Court.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Even if <strong>5, 10 or 20 years<\/strong> have passed since the divorce judgment, the parties may at any time <strong>make an administrative application to the Civil Registry Office\/consulate<\/strong> or <strong>file a recognition action before the Family Court<\/strong>, <strong>provided that the judgment meets the conditions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_In_Terms_of_the_Ancillary_Rights_Attached_to_the_Divorce_A_1-Year_Limitation_Period\"><\/span>2. In Terms of the Ancillary Rights Attached to the Divorce (A 1-Year Limitation Period)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Although recognition and enforcement are not themselves subject to a time limit, a critical limitation period exists for <strong>the additional cases to be filed after the divorce decree is registered in Turkey<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>Cases for <strong>pecuniary\/non-pecuniary compensation or alimony to be claimed separately in Turkey<\/strong> after the recognition of the divorce, which are not contained in the foreign court&#8217;s judgment, are subject under Turkish Civil Code (TCC) Art. 178 to <strong>a 1-year limitation period running from the date the recognition\/enforcement judgment becomes final<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>Warning on Loss of Legal Rights:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the foreign court&#8217;s judgment contains no head on compensation or alimony and no case is filed in Turkey with these claims <strong>within 1 year of the recognition of the divorce in Turkey<\/strong>, those rights to pecuniary\/non-pecuniary compensation and alimony <strong>become time-barred<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"2\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CAN_A_TITLE_DEED_TRANSFER_BE_MADE_IN_TURKEY_WITH_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECREE\"><\/span>CAN A TITLE DEED TRANSFER BE MADE IN TURKEY WITH A FOREIGN DIVORCE DECREE?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Where a divorce decree given by foreign judicial authorities orders <strong>the transfer to one of the parties of immovable property located within the borders of Turkey (a flat, a plot of land, a business premises and so on), the sharing of its ownership, or the creation of a right in rem over it (usufruct, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/mortgage-in-turkey\/\">mortgage<\/a> and so on)<\/strong>, special procedural rules come into play under <strong>the Turkish Land Registry Law and the principles of private international law<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">The basic points to be observed in the process of<strong> making the real estate heads in a foreign court&#8217;s judgment valid under Turkish law and having them entered in the land registry<\/strong> are as follows:<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"5\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Review_of_the_Exclusive_Jurisdiction_of_the_Court_in_the_Enforcement_Judgment_in_Turkey\"><\/span>1. Review of the Exclusive Jurisdiction of the Court in the Enforcement Judgment in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6\">Heads concerning the transfer of real estate contained in a foreign court&#8217;s judgment <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"72\">cannot be entered in the land registry through administrative registration (an application to the Civil Registry Office\/consulate).<\/b> Since such heads are enforceable in nature, they necessarily require <b data-path-to-node=\"6\" data-index-in-node=\"235\">an Enforcement Judgment<\/b> <strong>to be obtained from the Family Court<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7\"><strong>However, there is a critical legal limit here:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Rights Concerning the Ownership of Immovable Property:<\/b> Under the Turkish Law on Private International Law and Procedural Law (PILA Art. 44), in cases concerning the ownership of immovable property located in Turkey <b data-path-to-node=\"8,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"162\">the Turkish courts have exclusive jurisdiction.<\/b><\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"8,1,0\">If the foreign court has directly decided to cancel the ownership of the immovable property in Turkey and to register it in the name of the other spouse, <strong>the Turkish court may refuse the enforcement of that head on the ground of a breach of exclusive jurisdiction.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"8,2,0\">By contrast, if the head contained in the foreign court&#8217;s judgment is framed not as a <strong>&#8220;transfer of ownership&#8221;<\/strong> but as <b data-path-to-node=\"8,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"97\">an obligation of compensation \/ liquidation creating a debt of the parties towards each other<\/b> (for example: <i data-path-to-node=\"8,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"177\">&#8220;One of the spouses undertakes to transfer \/ pays for his or her share in the real estate to the other&#8221;<\/i>), enforcement becomes possible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"9\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_The_Final_Enforcement_Judgment_and_the_Land_Registry_Registration_Process_in_Turkey\"><\/span>2. The Final Enforcement Judgment and the Land Registry Registration Process in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\">After <strong>the enforcement judgment given by the Family Court becomes final<\/strong>, the <strong>registration, cancellation or transfer transactions<\/strong> to be carried out before the land registry offices are subject to the general provisions of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/real-estate-law-in-turkey\/\"><strong>Real Estate Law and Land Registry Legislation in Turkey<\/strong><\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"11,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"11,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Finality Annotation:<\/b> Land registry offices do not carry out a change of ownership on the basis of <strong>enforcement judgments that are not yet final or that carry no finality annotation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"11,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"11,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Registration Request:<\/b> The entitled spouse submits the final<strong> enforcement judgment, its certified translation and, if necessary, the annotation of enforceability obtained from the court<\/strong> to the competent Land Registry Office and requests registration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"12\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Registration_Through_the_Enforcement_Office_in_Turkey\"><\/span>3. Registration Through the Enforcement Office in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\">Where the debtor spouse <strong>does not comply of his or her own accord<\/strong> with the head on the transfer of immovable property in the foreign judgment and<strong> avoids giving a voluntary transfer at the land registry<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\">After the enforcement judgment is obtained, <b data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"42\">an annotation of enforceability<\/b> is obtained from the court.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\">The judgment is put into <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/debt-enforcement-in-turkey\/\">enforcement based on a court judgment<\/a> through the Turkish enforcement offices<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\">Even if the debtor party does not come to sign at the land registry, ownership is officially transferred to the entitled spouse under Turkish law thanks to <strong>the registration letter (official letter) written by the Enforcement Office to the relevant Land Registry Office<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IN_WHICH_CASES_IS_THE_RECOGNITION_AND_ENFORCEMENT_OF_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECISION_REFUSED\"><\/span>IN WHICH CASES IS THE RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF A FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISION REFUSED?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Under the PILA provisions, the Family Court judge cannot go into the substance (content) of the foreign court&#8217;s decision <em>(the prohibition of r\u00e9vision au fond)<\/em>.<\/strong> In other words, the judge cannot examine whether <strong>&#8220;the foreign judge decided correctly&#8221;<\/strong>; he or she investigates only <strong>whether the statutory grounds of refusal exist<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The main grounds leading to <strong>the refusal<\/strong> of a recognition and enforcement request are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Failure to Prove Finality:<\/strong> Failure to submit <strong>the annotation or document showing that the foreign court&#8217;s decision has become final<\/strong> under the legislation of the country concerned.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Violation of the Right of Defence (the Right to Be Heard):<\/strong> Failure to serve <strong>the petition\/summons duly on the defendant party<\/strong> during the proceedings, or <strong>a judgment given in the defendant&#8217;s absence without any possibility of defence.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Manifest Contrariety to Public Policy:<\/strong> The judgment being manifestly contrary to the fundamental principles of the Turkish Constitution, <strong>to the mandatory rules of the Turkish legal system or to the general understanding of morality in society<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Absence of Reciprocity:<\/strong> <em>(Only in enforcement actions)<\/em> The absence of <strong>reciprocity based on law, on practice or on a treaty between Turkey and the country concerned.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>In practice, the claim of contrariety to public policy is frequently misunderstood:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u274c <strong>Situations Regarded as Contrary to Public Policy:<\/strong> The judgment <strong>concerning a type of marriage\/divorce that is not recognised in Turkish law<\/strong>, or <strong>the defendant&#8217;s right of defence being taken away because he or she was never informed of the proceedings.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2705 Situations NOT Regarded as Contrary to Public Policy:<\/strong> The fact that the foreign court accepted as a ground of divorce a reason different from that of the Turkish Civil Code (for example the uncontested <strong>&#8220;no-fault&#8221; divorce<\/strong> principle of Western law) <strong>does not in itself amount to contrariety to public policy.<\/strong> <strong>The Turkish court takes as its basis the result of the divorce, not the reasoning relied on by the foreign judge.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari-734x400.jpg\" alt=\"routes for the recognition of a divorce judgment issued abroad in Turkey\" width=\"601\" height=\"328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari-734x400.jpg 734w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari-100x55.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari-90x49.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari-120x65.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/yurt-disi-bosanma-kararinin-taninmasinin-yollari.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ADMINISTRATIVE_APPLICATION_OR_COURT_ACTION_WHICH_ROUTE_SHOULD_BE_USED_FOR_THE_RECOGNITION_OF_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_JUDGMENT_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>ADMINISTRATIVE APPLICATION OR COURT ACTION? WHICH ROUTE SHOULD BE USED FOR THE RECOGNITION OF A FOREIGN DIVORCE JUDGMENT IN TURKEY?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The point on which citizens who divorced abroad hesitate most in practice is <strong>whether an administrative application is sufficient for the registration of the foreign divorce judgment, or whether it is compulsory to file a case before the Family Court.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Choosing the wrong route leads to losses of rights that are hard to repair, <strong>for example being content with an administrative application alone and the maintenance or custody heads in the judgment never becoming applicable in Turkey<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Which route should be followed can be summarised in the <strong>Decision Guide<\/strong> below:<\/p>\n<div style=\"max-width: 700px; margin: 20px auto; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 10px; text-align: center; border-radius: 7px; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udccc How Is a Foreign Divorce Judgment Recognised in Turkey?<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 10px; align-items: stretch;\"><!-- ADMINISTRATIVE APPLICATION --><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; background: #fffdfb; display: flex; flex-direction: column;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 9px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px;\">\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Administrative Application<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 11px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column;\">\n<div style=\"color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u2705 When Can It Be Used?<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd5;\"><strong>1. The judgment containing only a divorce head<\/strong><br \/>\nThe foreign court&#8217;s judgment must concern only divorce, annulment of the marriage or invalidity of the marriage, and must not contain additional heads of an enforceable nature.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd5;\"><strong>2. The parties being able to apply together<\/strong><br \/>\nBoth spouses may make the recognition application together before the relevant Civil Registry Office or the Turkish consulate.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0;\"><strong>3. The exception to the joint application rule<\/strong><br \/>\nWhere one of the spouses <strong>is a foreign national<\/strong> or <strong>has died<\/strong>, the other spouse, <strong>who is a Turkish citizen, may alone<\/strong> make the administrative recognition application.<\/div>\n<p><!-- LOWER AREA --><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: auto; padding-top: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 8px; background: #fff8f5; border-radius: 5px; text-align: center; min-height: 38px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">\u27a1\ufe0f Civil Registry Office \/ Consulate<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- COURT ACTION --><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 320px; border: 2px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; background: #fffdfb; display: flex; flex-direction: column;\">\n<div style=\"background: #8b3516; color: #fff; padding: 9px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px;\">\u2696\ufe0f Court Action<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 11px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45; flex: 1; display: flex; flex-direction: column;\">\n<div style=\"color: #8b3516; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\u26a0\ufe0f When Must a Case Be Filed?<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd5;\"><strong>1. The existence of enforceable heads<\/strong><br \/>\nThe judgment containing custody, alimony, compensation, division of matrimonial property or any other enforceable head.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #eadbd5;\"><strong>2. The other spouse not joining the application<\/strong><br \/>\nThe spouse refusing to sign the administrative application and there being no statutory exception allowing a one-sided application.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 7px 0;\"><strong>3. The risk of the administrative application being refused<\/strong><br \/>\nContrariety to public policy, missing documents or other legal reasons that may prevent administrative recognition.<\/div>\n<p><!-- LOWER AREA --><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: auto; padding-top: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"padding: 8px; background: #fff8f5; border-radius: 5px; min-height: 38px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"color: #8b3516;\">\u27a1\ufe0f Recognition \/ Enforcement Action Before the Family Court<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 10px; padding: 9px 11px; background: #fff8f5; border-left: 4px solid #8b3516; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.45;\">\ud83d\udca1 <strong>In short:<\/strong> If the foreign court&#8217;s judgment covers only the divorce and the conditions for administrative recognition are met, an administrative application through the Civil Registry Office or the consulate may be sufficient. If the judgment contains enforceable heads or administrative recognition is not possible, it may be necessary to file a recognition or enforcement action before the court.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"THE_DISTINCTION_BETWEEN_ADMINISTRATIVE_REGISTRATION_AND_COURT_ACTION_IN_THE_APPLICATION_OF_A_DIVORCE_DECREE_ISSUED_ABROAD_WITH_PRACTICAL_EXAMPLES\"><\/span>THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN ADMINISTRATIVE REGISTRATION AND COURT ACTION IN THE APPLICATION OF A DIVORCE DECREE ISSUED ABROAD, WITH PRACTICAL EXAMPLES<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\"><strong>Whether a divorce decree given by a foreign judicial authority can acquire validity in the Turkish legal system<\/strong> depends on <strong>the citizenship situation of the parties, on whether the content of the judgment contains enforceable heads (custody, maintenance, compensation)<\/strong> and on the attitude of the spouses during the process. The <strong>5 concrete scenarios most often encountered in practice and the legal routes to be followed<\/strong> are as follows:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"5\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">A couple who divorced in Germany by agreement, without any property or maintenance claim:<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1\">Since the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/uncontested-divorce-process-in-turkey\/\"><strong>uncontested divorce<\/strong> <strong>judgment<\/strong><\/a> given in Germany <strong>contains only a divorce head<\/strong> and the parties can act together (or can give a special power of attorney in Turkey), <b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1\" data-index-in-node=\"221\">an administrative application<\/b> <strong>to the nearest Turkish consulate or to a civil registry office in Turkey<\/strong> is sufficient; there is no need to file a case.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">The situation of a Turkish citizen whose former spouse is a citizen of a foreign country:<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1\">Under Article 27\/A of the Civil Registry Services Law, <strong>the foreign spouse does not need to join the application or to give a power of attorney<\/strong>. The party who is a Turkish citizen may, with the certified and apostilled judgment, make <b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1\" data-index-in-node=\"175\">an administrative application alone<\/b> and have the divorce registered in the population registry.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">A parent who divorced in the United Kingdom, whose judgment contains a custody arrangement:<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,2,1\">Since the judgment contains <strong>an enforceable head<\/strong> such as custody, the administrative route is closed under Turkish law. In that case it is compulsory to <strong>file<\/strong> <b data-path-to-node=\"5,2,1\" data-index-in-node=\"107\">an enforcement action<\/b> before the Family Court. Otherwise <strong>neither the custody arrangement nor the divorce is binding before the Turkish authorities (school registration, passport transactions, administrative bodies)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">A divorce granted in the United States of America ordering alimony and property division, where the parties object:<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1\">Since the judgment contains financial heads that must be enforced, s<strong>uch as compensation, alimony or property division,<\/strong> and no agreement could be reached between the parties, <strong>filing an enforcement action before the Family Court<\/strong> is essential; indeed, civil registry offices in Turkey <strong>have no power to enforce financial heads.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">A Turkish citizen whose former spouse died after the foreign court&#8217;s decision:<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5,4,1\">If the former spouse dies after the divorce decision is obtained,<strong> the surviving Turkish citizen spouse (or the statutory heirs with a legal interest in the registration) may, alone,<\/strong> make <b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,1\" data-index-in-node=\"162\">an administrative application<\/b> and have the judgment registered in the population registry. This convenience was granted to heirs by the legislature in order <strong>to ensure <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/terekenin-tespiti-davasi\/\">the correct determination of the estate in Turkey<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CAN_A_DIVORCE_CASE_BE_FILED_IN_TURKEY_WHILE_A_FOREIGN_COURTS_JUDGMENT_EXISTS\"><\/span>CAN A DIVORCE CASE BE FILED IN TURKEY WHILE A FOREIGN COURT&#8217;S JUDGMENT EXISTS?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>While a divorce case filed in a foreign country is ongoing, or where a judgment has been given but has not yet been recognised in Turkey<\/strong>, it is a situation frequently encountered in practice that one of the spouses <strong>also files a divorce case before the Family Court in Turkey<\/strong>. In such situations, the regime of <b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"264\">&#8220;the objection that the case is already pending&#8221;<\/b> and of <b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"316\">&#8220;conflicting cases&#8221;<\/b> comes into play under Turkish law.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"4\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Filing_a_Case_in_Turkey_While_the_Divorce_Case_Before_the_Foreign_Court_Is_Ongoing\"><\/span>1. Filing a Case in Turkey While the Divorce Case Before the Foreign Court Is Ongoing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5\">Where <strong>a<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/divorce-in-turkey\/\"><strong>divorce case<\/strong><\/a> <strong>filed in a foreign country has not yet been concluded<\/strong> and one of the spouses <strong>files a fresh divorce case in Turkey<\/strong>, two different possibilities arise:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Objection of a Pending Case Under PILA Art. 41:<\/b> The defendant party may raise <b data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"202\">the objection that the case is already pending <\/b>before the Turkish court by documenting that <strong>a case between the same parties and on the same subject was filed earlier before the foreign court and is still ongoing<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Treatment as a Preliminary Issue:<\/b> If the Turkish court establishes that the case running before the foreign court <strong>has the potential to be recognised\/enforced in Turkey<\/strong> and that <strong>the foreign court validly established its jurisdiction<\/strong>, it may treat the conclusion of the case before the foreign court as <b data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"256\">a preliminary issue (CCP Art. 165)<\/b>.<strong> When the foreign judgment becomes final, the case in Turkey loses its subject matter.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"8\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Filing_a_Case_Where_the_Foreign_Divorce_Judgment_Has_Become_Final_but_Has_Not_Yet_Been_Recognised_in_Turkey\"><\/span>2. Filing a Case Where the Foreign Divorce Judgment Has Become Final but Has Not Yet Been Recognised in Turkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9\">Where the foreign court has given the divorce judgment and the judgment has become final, but <strong>it has not yet been registered with the Civil Registry Office in Turkey and no recognition action has been concluded before the Family Court:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"10\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Objection of a Final Judgment (Res Judicata):<\/b> From the moment the foreign court&#8217;s judgment becomes final (even if it has not been registered in Turkey), <strong>the marriage bond between the parties has legally come to an end.<\/strong> In a divorce case filed later in Turkey, the defendant spouse may raise <b data-path-to-node=\"10,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"337\">the objection of a final judgment<\/b> by submitting to the court <strong>the final foreign court&#8217;s judgment (with the apostille and a certified translation)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">The Case Before the Turkish Court Losing Its Subject Matter:<\/b> If, while the case in Turkey is ongoing, <strong>a recognition\/enforcement action is filed for the foreign judgment and is accepted, or the judgment is entered in the population records through administrative registration<\/strong>, the Turkish Family Court rules <b data-path-to-node=\"10,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"213\">&#8220;that the case has lost its subject matter because the former spouses are already divorced&#8221;<\/b> and that there is no need to give a judgment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"12\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_What_Happens_If_the_Divorce_Case_in_Turkey_Becomes_Final_Earlier\"><\/span>3. What Happens If the Divorce Case in Turkey Becomes Final Earlier?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\">If the divorce case filed before the Turkish Family Court <strong>is concluded and becomes final before the recognition\/enforcement process of the foreign court&#8217;s judgment in Turkey; <\/strong>then, once the divorce judgment given by the Turkish court has become final, the recognition in Turkey of a foreign court&#8217;s judgment given on the same matter <strong>is refused<\/strong> on the ground of <b data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"174\">PILA Art. 54\/1-c (public policy)<\/b>. This is because <strong>legal validity cannot be conferred on a foreign judgment<\/strong> on a dispute that has already been settled by the Turkish judicial system.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"3\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9050 size-us_800_400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-800x182.jpg\" alt=\"registration of a divorce with the civil registry office in Turkey\" width=\"800\" height=\"182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-800x182.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-300x68.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-1024x233.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-100x23.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-90x21.jpg 90w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili-120x27.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/nufus-mudurlugu-bosanma-tescili.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CAN_A_PERSON_REMARRY_IN_TURKEY_BEFORE_A_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_DECISION_IS_RECOGNISED\"><\/span>CAN A PERSON REMARRY IN TURKEY BEFORE A FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISION IS RECOGNISED?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\">For as long as a divorce decision given by foreign judicial or administrative authorities <strong>is not registered with the Civil Registry Office in Turkey or recognised by the Family Court<\/strong>, <strong>the marriage bond is deemed to continue legally<\/strong> in the eyes of Turkish law. Having divorced in a foreign country<strong> does not on its own produce any effect<\/strong> within the borders of Turkey or before the Turkish diplomatic missions.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"5\"><strong>The basic legal obstacles and practical risks a person who still appears as &#8220;married&#8221; in the Turkish registry will face if he or she acts without completing this process are as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"6\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_The_Bar_on_Making_a_New_Official_Marriage\"><\/span>1. The Bar on Making a New Official Marriage<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"7\">Under TCC Art. 145\/1, <b data-path-to-node=\"7\" data-index-in-node=\"38\">a second marriage made while an existing marriage subsists is defective with absolute nullity (invalid)<\/b>. Even where the person has divorced in fact and in law abroad, for as long as the recognition\/registration procedure is not carried out, <strong>it is impossible to make a new official marriage in Turkey or before the Turkish consulates.<\/strong> The moment the marriage registrar sees the entry <strong>&#8220;married&#8221;<\/strong> in the population records, <strong>the marriage application is refused.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"8\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Major_Risks_in_Terms_of_Inheritance_Law_The_Former_Spouse_as_an_Heir\"><\/span>2. Major Risks in Terms of Inheritance Law (The Former Spouse as an Heir)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"9\"><strong>If one of the parties dies before the foreign divorce decree is recognised in Turkey, because the marriage continues on paper<\/strong> <b data-path-to-node=\"9\" data-index-in-node=\"141\">the former spouse keeps the status of a statutory heir <strong>under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/inheritance-law-in-turkey\/\">Turkish inheritance law<\/a><\/strong>.<\/b> This leads to the (former) spouse taking a share <strong>from the assets and statutory inheritance rights of the deceased person<\/strong> and creates irreparable grievances. The former spouse who is a statutory heir may, through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/partition-action-to-force-sale-of-property\/\"><strong>an action to end joint ownership (izale-i \u015fuyu)<\/strong><\/a>, request the sale of the immovable properties of which he or she is an heir<strong> without needing the consent of the other heirs<\/strong>. The former spouse may even file <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/stolen-inheritance-and-fraudulent-conveyance\/\"><strong>an action for hiding assets from the estate<\/strong><\/a> against the other heirs for unlawful transfers.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"10\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Being_an_Obstacle_to_a_Marriage_Contract\"><\/span>3. Being an Obstacle to a Marriage Contract<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11\"><strong>If the person wishes to draw up a separation of property or a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/marriage-contract-in-turkey\/\">marriage contract<\/a> (matrimonial property agreement) before a new relationship, a notary public or the official authorities cannot carry out a transaction with a person whose existing marriage has not been dealt with in the registry.<\/strong> The primary legal condition under Turkish law is that the old marriage is officially removed from the population records.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"12\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Confusion_of_Surname_and_Civil_Registry_Record\"><\/span>4. Confusion of Surname and Civil Registry Record<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\">For as long as recognition or registration is not carried out, the wife continues to <strong>bear her former spouse&#8217;s surname<\/strong> on her Turkish identity card and passport. A contradiction between the foreign divorce decree and the Turkish identity records <strong>in official transactions abroad (identity card, passport renewal, visa)<\/strong> causes serious blockages in international bureaucracy.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"THE_ROLE_OF_A_SPECIALIST_DIVORCE_LAWYER_IN_THE_RECOGNITION_OF_FOREIGN_DIVORCE_JUDGMENTS_IN_TURKEY\"><\/span>THE ROLE OF A SPECIALIST DIVORCE LAWYER IN THE RECOGNITION OF FOREIGN DIVORCE JUDGMENTS IN TURKEY<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The process of <strong>recognising a foreign court&#8217;s divorce judgment<\/strong> is, despite its apparent simplicity, an area open to more than one procedural mistake. Conducting the process <strong>with the support of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/divorce-lawyer-in-turkey\/\">divorce lawyer in Turkey<\/a><\/strong> allows the following risks to be identified at an early stage.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Overlooking_Heads_on_Maintenance_Custody_or_the_Division_of_Matrimonial_Property\"><\/span>1. Overlooking Heads on Maintenance, Custody or the Division of Matrimonial Property<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Failure to determine correctly whether the judgment contains not only a divorce head but also heads concerning <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/child-support-in-turkey\/\">child support<\/a>, custody of the child or the liquidation of the matrimonial property regime<\/strong> may lead to <strong>being content with an administrative application and overlooking the enforceability dimension.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Where the foreign court&#8217;s decree contains a head on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/family-law\/alimony-in-turkey\/\">spousal alimony<\/a><\/strong>, this risk becomes even more pronounced; the later claiming of that receivable<strong> within the scope of enforcement and bankruptcy law<\/strong> depends on <strong>an enforcement judgment having been duly obtained<\/strong> beforehand under Turkish law. <strong>In a file where an administrative application was considered enough but the support payments head was never enforced<\/strong>, the creditor party may notice this gap years later and be <strong>forced to file a separate case<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Procedural_Mistakes_in_the_Apostille_Translation_and_Power_of_Attorney_Process\"><\/span>2. Procedural Mistakes in the Apostille, Translation and Power of Attorney Process<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>A missing apostille, a translation that does not carry the certification of a sworn translator, or a power of attorney drawn up abroad that does not meet the formal conditions required by Turkish law may result in the refusal of both the administrative application and the petition.<\/strong> Defects of this kind are <strong>capable of being identified and remedied at the preparation stage<\/strong>, before the file is submitted to the official authority; if the defect emerges after the application, however, the process may have to be repeated from the beginning.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Correct_Management_of_the_Public_Policy_Assessment\"><\/span>3. Correct Management of the Public Policy Assessment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Assessing in advance whether the judgment amounts to contrariety to Turkish public policy can prevent the case or the administrative application from dragging on<\/strong>. That assessment requires many elements to be examined together, from the nature of the proceedings in which the judgment was given to the content of the heads in the judgment, and it usually forms <strong>the stage of the case before the Turkish courts that takes the most time and requires the most careful preparation.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>In conclusion, securing the guidance of an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/practice-areas\/english-speaking-lawyer-in-turkey\/\">English-speaking divorce lawyer in Turkey<\/a> is essential when navigating the recognition and enforcement of foreign divorce judgments.<\/strong> Turkish private international law involves strict <strong>procedural formalities, strict evidentiary standards, and rigorous translation requirements<\/strong> where even minor oversights can lead to <strong>severe loss of rights or prolonged court delays.<\/strong> Partnering with a specialist who understands both<strong> the legal mechanics and language eliminates potential communication barriers, prevents costly procedural mistakes, and ensures a seamless transition<\/strong> of foreign judgment into the Turkish legal order.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-html\"><div class=\"cb-legal-box\">\n    <div class=\"cb-legal-inner\">\n        <p class=\"cb-legal-text\">\n            You can explore our other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/blog\/\" class=\"cb-legal-link\">articles<\/a> or contact us for your legal support inquiries.\n        <\/p>\n        <div class=\"cb-legal-action\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/contact-us\/\" class=\"cb-legal-btn\">Contact Us<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>\n.cb-legal-box {\n    background: #ffffff;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516; \n    border-radius: 8px;\n    padding: 30px;\n    margin: 30px auto;\n    width: 100%;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\n    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\n}\n\n.cb-legal-inner {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    justify-content: space-between;\n    gap: 30px;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-text {\n    margin: 0;\n    font-size: 19px;\n    color: #333333;\n    line-height: 1.5;\n    flex: 2;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-link {\n    color: #8b3516;\n    text-decoration: underline;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-action {\n    flex: 1;\n    text-align: right;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn {\n    display: inline-block;\n    background-color: #8b3516;\n    color: #ffffff !important;\n    padding: 14px 28px;\n    border-radius: 5px;\n    text-decoration: none !important;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    transition: all 0.3s ease;\n    border: 2px solid #8b3516;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\n.cb-legal-btn:hover {\n    background-color: #000000;\n    border-color: #000000;\n}\n\n\/* MOB\u0130LDEK\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dcNT\u00dcY\u00dc D\u00dcZELTEN KISIM *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .cb-legal-box {\n        padding: 20px 15px; \/* Yan bo\u015fluklar\u0131 azaltt\u0131k *\/\n        margin: 20px 0;\n        width: 100% !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-inner {\n        flex-direction: column !important;\n        gap: 15px; \/* Yaz\u0131 ve buton aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fu daraltt\u0131k *\/\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-text {\n        font-size: 16px; \/* Yaz\u0131y\u0131 mobilde bir t\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltt\u00fck ki s\u0131\u011fs\u0131n *\/\n        text-align: center !important;\n        width: 100%;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-action {\n        width: 100%;\n        text-align: center !important;\n    }\n    \n    .cb-legal-btn {\n        width: 80%; \/* Butonun ekran\u0131 komple bo\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in %80 yapt\u0131k *\/\n        padding: 12px 20px;\n        font-size: 15px;\n        display: inline-block; \/* Block yerine inline-block + %80 daha zarif durur *\/\n    }\n}\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_5614fb73 height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_275474cc has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p><strong>LEGAL DISCLAIMER:<\/strong> The copyright of the articles and content on our website belongs to Av. Orbay \u00c7okg\u00f6r, and all articles are published with electronically signed time stamps to establish ownership. If any articles on our website are copied or summarized without providing a source link and published on other websites, legal and criminal proceedings will be initiated.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"GUIDE TO THE RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN DIVORCE DECISIONS\u00a0IN TURKEY According to data from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the number of Turkish citizens living abroad has surpassed 7.5 million, with approximately 6 million residing in Western European countries. The fact that the number of citizens returning permanently to Turkey reached 297,361 in the...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9053,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9467"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9542,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9467\/revisions\/9542"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cbhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}